Simulation of naturally fractured reservoirs. State of the Art: Part 1 - Physical mechanisms and simulator formulation;Simulation des réservoirs naturellement fracturés. État de l'art: Partie 1 - Mécanismes physiques et formulation des simulateurs

Oil and Gas Science and Technology

Volumn 65, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 239-262

  Lemonnier, P ^a   Bourbiaux, B ^a  

^a IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CURRENT TECHNIQUES; DUAL POROSITY; FRACTURED RESERVOIR; HISTORY MATCHING; MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION; MATRIX-FRACTURE TRANSFERS; NATURALLY FRACTURED RESERVOIRS; NUMERICAL SIMULATION; NUMERICAL STUDIES; PHYSICAL MECHANISM; RECOVERY PROCESS; RESERVOIR ENGINEERS; STATE OF THE ART;

FRACTURE; SIMULATORS; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

PETROLEUM RESERVOIRS;

COMPUTER SIMULATION; DUAL POROSITY; ENHANCED OIL RECOVERY; FLOW MODELING; FRACTURE NETWORK; HYDRAULIC FRACTURE; HYDROCARBON EXPLORATION; HYDROCARBON RESERVOIR; MATRIX; NUMERICAL MODEL; OPTIMIZATION; SIMULATOR; SOURCE ROCK; UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS;

EID: 77952686734     PISSN: 12944475     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2516/ogst/2009066     Document Type: Article

References (112)

1. Al-Hadhrami H.S., Blunt M.J. (2001) Thermally Induced Wettability Alteration To Improve Oil Recovery in Fractured Reservoirs, SPEReserv. Eval. Eng. 4, 3, 179-186.
2. Al-Shaalan T.M., Fung L.S.K., Dogru A.H. (2003) A Scalable Massively Parallel Dual-Porosity Dual-Permeability Simulator for Fractured Reservoirs with Super-K Permeability, Paper SPE 84371 presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, Oct. 5-8.
3. Al-Shizawi A., Denby P.G., Marsden G. (1997) Heat-Front Monitoring in the Qarn Alam Thermal GOGD Pilot, Paper SPE 37781 presented at the MEOS, Bahrain, March 15-18.
4. Ayatollahi S., Lashanizadegan A., Kazemi H. (2005) Temperature Effects on the Oil Relative Permeability during Tertiary Gas Oil Gravity Drainage (GOGD), Energ. Fuel. 19, 3, 977-983.
5. Babadagli T. (2001) Recovery of Heavy Matrix Oil by Capillary Imbibition in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, Paper SPE 69843 presented at the 2001 SPE International Thermal Operations and Heavy Oil Symposium, Porlamar, Margarita Island, Venezuela, March 12-14.
6. Bagheri M., Settari A. (2008) Modeling of Geomechanics in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 11, 1, 108-118.
7. Barenblatt G.E., Zheltov I.P., Kochina I.N. (1960) Basic Concepts in the Theory of Seepage of Homogeneous Liquids in Fissured Rocks, J. Appl. Math. Methods (USSR) 24, 1286-1303.
8. Basquet R., Jeannin L., Lange A., Bourbiaux B., Sarda S. (2004) Gas-Flow Simulation in Discrete Fracture-Network Models, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 7, 5, 378-384.
9. 2 Flood of the Fractured Midale Field, J. Petrol. Technol. 45, 9, 881-887.
10. Blaskovich F.T., Cain G.M., Sonier F., Waldren D., Webb S. (1983) A Multicomponent Isothermal System for Efficient Reservoir Simulation, Paper SPE 11480 presented at the Middle East Oil Technical Conference, Manama, Bahrain, March 14-17.
11. Bossie-Codreanu D., Bia P., Sabathier J.C. (1985) The Checker Model, an Improvement in Modelling Naturally Fractured Reservoirs with Tridimensional Triphasic Black-Oil Numerical Model, SPE J. 25, 5, 743-756.
12. Bourbiaux B., Kalaydjian F. (1990) Experimental Study of Cocurrent and Countercurrent Flows in Natural Porous Media, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 5, 3, 361-368.
13. Bourbiaux B., Cacas M.C., Sarda S., Sabathier J.C. (1997) A Fast and Efficient Methodology to Convert Fractured Reservoir Images into a Dual-Porosity Model, Paper SPE 38907 presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Tx, Oct. 5-8.
14. Bourbiaux B., Cacas M.C., Sarda S., Sabathier J.C. (1998) A Rapid and Efficient Methodology to Convert Fractured Reservoir Images into a Dual-Porosity Model, Oil Gas Sci. Technol. - Rev. IFP 53, 6, 785-799.
15. Bourbiaux B., Granet S., Landereau P., Noetinger B., Sarda S., Sabathier J.C. (1999) Scaling Up Matrix-Fracture Transfers in Dual-Porosity Models: Theory and Application, Paper SPE 56557 presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, Texas, Oct. 3-6.
16. Bourbiaux B., Basquet R., Cacas M.C., Daniel J.M., Sarda S. (2002) An Integrated Workflow to Account for Multi-Scale Fractures in Reservoir Simulation Models: Implementation and Benefits, Paper SPE 78489 presented at the 10th Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Oct. 13-16.
17. Bourbiaux B., Basquet R., Daniel J.M., Hu L.Y., Jenni S., Lange A., Rasolofosaon P. (2005) Fractured Reservoirs Modelling: A Review of the Challenges and Some Recent Solutions, First Break 23, September.
18. Bourbiaux B. (2010) Fractured Reservoir Simulation: a Challenging and Rewarding Issue, Oil Gas Sci. Technol. - Rev. IFP (to be published).
19. Bourgeat A., Goncharenko M., Panfilov M., Pankratov L. (1999) A General Double Porosity Model, C.R. Acad. Sci. II b-Mec. 327, 1245-1250.
20. Cacas M.C., Daniel J.M., Letouzey J. (2001) Nested Geological Modelling of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, Petrol. Geosci. 7, S43-S52
21. Chen W.H., Wasserman M.L., Fitzmorris R.E. (1987) A Thermal Simulator for Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, Paper SPE 16008 presented at the 9th Reservoir Simulation Symposium, San Antonio, TX, Feb. 1-4.
22. Chen H.L., Lucas L.R., Nogaret L.A.D., Yang H.D., Kenyon D.E. (2000) Laboratory Monitoring of Surfactant Imbibition Using Computerized Tomography, Paper SPE 59006 presented at the 2000 SPE International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition, Veracruz, Mexico, Feb. 1-3.
23. Chen H.Y., Teufel L.W. (2000) Coupling Fluid-flow and Geomechanics in Dual-porosity Modeling of Naturally fractured Reservoirs - Model Description and Comparison, Paper SPE 59043 presented at the International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition, Villahermosa, Mexico, Feb. 1-3.
24. Chen C.Y., Horne R.N., Fourar M. (2004) Experimental Study of Liquid-Gas flow structure effects on relative permeabilities in a fracture, Water Resour. Res. 40, W08301.
25. Coats K.H., Nielsen R.L., Terhune M.H., Weber A.G. (1967) Simulation of Three Dimensional, Two-Phase Flow in Oil and Gas Reservoirs, SPE J. 7, 4, 377-388.
26. Coats K.H. (1989) Implicit Compositional Simulation of Single-Porosity and Dual-Porosity Reservoirs, Paper SPE 18427 presented at the SPE Symposium on Reservoir Simulation, Houston, TX, Feb. 6-8.
27. 2 Injection in Fractured Limestone Formations, Paper presented at the Offshore Mediterranean Conference and Exhibition, Ravenna, Italy, March 19-21.
28. Conway P.I., Damm D., Andersen P.M. (1996) Full Field Dual Porosity Modelling of a Complex Fractured Chalk Oil Reservoir Subject to both Gas and Water Injection, Paper SPE 36931 presented at Europec, Milan, Italy, Oct. 22-24.
29. Daltaban T.S., Noyola A., Trejo G., Toledo R. (2002) An Investigation into the Technical Feasibility of Gas Injection into Fractured CHUC Reservoir in the Gulf of Mexico, Paper SPE 74357 presented at the SPE International Conference & Exhibition, Villahermosa, Mexico, Feb. 10-12.
30. Dean R.H., Lo L.L. (1988) Simulations of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 3, 2, 638-648.
31. Deghmoum A.H., Tiab D., Mazouzi A. (2000) Relative Permeability in Dual-Porosity Porous Media, Paper SPE 62543 presented at the 2000 SPE/AAPG Western Regional Meeting, Long Beach, California, June 19-23.
32. Dehghani K., Ehrlich R.E. (2001) Evaluation of the Steam-Injection Process in Light-Oil Reservoirs, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 4, 5, 395-405.
33. Di Donato G., Huang W., Blunt M. (2003) Streamline-Based Dual Porosity Simulation of Fractured Reservoirs, Paper SPE 84036 presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, Oct. 5-8.
34. Ding D.Y., Basquet R., Bourbiaux B. (2006) Upscaling Fracture Networks for Simulation of Horizontal Wells Using a Dual-Porosity Reservoir Simulator, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 9, 5, 513-520.
35. Doll T.E., Luers D.K., Strong G.R, Schulte R.K., Sarathi P.S., Olsen D.K., Hendricks M.L. (1995) An Update of Steam Injection Operations at Naval Petroleum Reserve No. 3, Teapot Dome Field, Wyoming: a Shallow Heterogeneous Light Oil Reservoir, Paper SPE 30286 presented at the International Heavy Oil Symposium, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, June 19-21.
36. Egermann P., Laroche C., Manceau E., Delamaide E., Bourbiaux B. (2007) Experimental and Numerical Study of Water/Gas Imbibition Phenomena in Vuggy Carbonates, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 10, 1, 86-96.
37. Famy C., Bourbiaux B., Quintard M. (2005) Accurate Modeling of Matrix-Fracture Transfers in Dual-Porosity Models: Optimal Subgridding of Matrix Blocks, Paper SPE 93115 presented at the SPE Reservoir Simulation Symposium, The Woodlands, Texas, Jan. 31-Feb 2.
38. 2 Injection in a Heavy Oil Fractured Reservoir -Case Study of Bati-Raman Field, Turkey, Paper presented at the 9th EAGE IOR Europe Symposium, The Hague, Netherland, Oct. 20-22.
39. Firoozabadi A., Thomas L.K. (1990) Sixth SPE Comparative Solution Project: Dual-Porosity Simulators, J. Petrol. Technol. 42, 710-715.
40. Firoozabadi A., Ottesen B., Mikklesen M. (1992) Measurements of Supersaturation and Critical Gas Saturation, SPE Formation Eval. 7, 4, 337-344.
41. Firoozabadi A. (2000) Recovery Mechanisms in Fractured Reservoirs and Field Performance, J. Can. Petrol. Technol. 39, 11, 13-17.
42. Fourar M., Lenormand R. (1998) A Viscous Coupling Model for Relative Permeabilities in Fractures, Paper SPE 49006 presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, Louisiana, Sept. 27-30.
43. Fourar M., Lenormand R. (2001) A New Model for Two-Phase Flows at High Velocities through Porous Media and Fractures, J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 30, 121-127.
44. Geiger S., Matthai S., Niessner J., Helmig R. (2009a) Black-Oil Simulations for Three-Component - Three-Phase Flow in Fractured Porous Media, SPE J. 14, 2, 338-354.
45. Geiger S., Huangfu Q., Reid F., Matthai S., Coumou D., Belayneh M., Fricke C., Schmid K. (2009b) Massively Parallel Sector Scale Discrete Fracture and Matrix Simulations, Paper SPE 118924 presented at the SPE Reservoir Simulation Symposium, The Woodlands, Texas, USA, Feb. 2-4.
46. Gilman J., Kazemi H. (1983) Improvements in Simulation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, SPE J. 23, 4, 695-707.
47. Gilman J., Kazemi H. (1988) Improved Calculations for Viscous and Gravity Displacement in Matrix Blocks in Dual-Porosity Simulators, J. Petrol. Technol. 40, 1, 60-70.
48. Gilman J.R., Bowser J.L., Rothkopf B.W. (1995) Application of Short-Radius Horizontal Boreholes in the Naturally Fractured Yates Field, SPE Reserv. Eng. J. 10, 1, 10-15.
49. Ghorayeb K., Firoozabadi A. (2000) Numerical Study of Natural Convection and Diffusion in Fractured Porous Media, SPE J. 5, 1, 12-20.
50. Granet S., Fabrie P., Lemonnier P., Quintard M. (1998) A Single-Phase Flow Simulation of Fractured Reservoir Using a Discrete Representation of the Fractures, 6th European Conference on the Mathematics of Oil Recovery, Peebles.
51. Granet S., Fabrie P., Lemonnier P., Quintard M. (2001) A Two-Phase Simulation of a Fractured Reservoir Using a New Fissure Element Method, J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 32, 35-52.
52. Hamon G., Mauduit D., Bandiziol D., Massonnat G. (1991) Recovery Optimization in a Naturally Fractured Water-Drive Gas Reservoir: Meillon Field, Paper SPE 22915 presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, Texas, Oct. 6-9.
53. Hearn C.L., Al-Emadi I.A.A., Worley P.L.H., Taylor R.D. (1997) Improved Oil Recovery in a Tight Reservoir with Conductive Faults, Paper SPE 38908 presented at the Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, TX, Oct. 5-8.
54. Henn N., Quintard M., Bourbiaux B., Sakthikumar S. (2004) Modelling of Conductive Faults with a Multiscale Approach, Oil Gas Sci. Technol. - Rev. IFP 59, 2, 197-214.
55. Hill A.C., Thomas G.W. (1985) A New Approach for Simulating Complex Fractured Reservoirs, Paper SPE 13537 presented at the Middle East Oil Technical Conference and Exhibition, Bahrain, March 11-14.
56. Hochanadel S.M., Townsend C.L. (1990) Improving Oil Recovery in the Naturally Fractured, Tight, Dirty Sandstone of the Townsend Newcastle Sand Unit-Weston County, Wyoming, Paper SPE 21578 presented at the SPE/Pet. Soc. CIM Int. Tech. Meet., Calgary, Canada, June 10-13.
57. Hoffman B.T., Kovscek A.R. (2003) Light-Oil Steamdrive in Fractured Low-Permeability Reservoirs, Paper SPE 83491 presented at the SPE Western Regional/AAPG Pacific Section Joint Meeting, Long Beach, CA, May 19-24.
58. Holditch S.A. (2006) Tight Gas Sands, J. Petrol. Technol. 58, 6, 86-93.
59. Jensen T.B., Harpole K.J., Østhus A. (2000) EOR Screening for Ekofisk, Paper SPE 65124 presented at the SPE European Petroleum Conference, Paris, France, Oct. 24-25.
60. Johnston R.M., Shahin G.T. (1995) Interpretation of Steam Drive Pilots in the Belridge Diatomite, SPE 29621 at the Westem Regional Meeting, Bakersfield, CA, March 8-10.
61. Kazemi H., Merrill L.S., Porterfield K.L., Zeman P.R. (1976) Numerical Simulation of Water-Oil Flow in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, SPE. J. 16, 6, 317-326.
62. Kim J.G., Deo M.D. (2000) Finite Element Discrete-Fracture Model for Multiphase Flow in Porous Media, AlChE J. 46, 6, 1120-1130.
63. Kucuk F., Sawyer W.K. (1980) Transient Flow in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs and its Application to Devonian Gas Shales, Paper SPE 9397 presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, Texas, Sept. 21-24.
64. Lange E.A. (1998) Correlation and Prediction of Residual Oil Saturation for Gas-Injection Enhanced Oil-Recovery Processes, Soc. Pet. Eng. J. 1, 2, 127-133.
65. Lee S.H., Jensen C.L., Lough M.F. (1999) An Efficient Finite Difference Model for Flow in a Reservoir with Multiple Length-Scale Fractures, Paper SPE 56752 presented at the Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, TX, Oct. 3-6.
66. Le Gallo Y., Le Romancer J.F., Bourbiaux B., Fernandes G. (1997) Mass Transfer in Fractured Reservoirs during Gas Injection: Experimental and Numerical Modeling, Paper SPE presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, TX, Oct. 5-8.
67. Litvak B. (1985) Simulation and Characterization of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, Proceedings of the Reservoir Characterization Technical Conferences, Dallas, April 29-May1, Academic Press, New York.
68. Macaulay R.C., Krafft J.M., Hartetnink M., Escovedo B. (1995) Research Design of a Steam Pilot In A Fractured Carbonate Reservoir - Qarn Alam Field, Oman, Paper SPE 30300 presented at the International Heavy Oil Symposium, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, June 19-21.
69. Manceau E., Delamaide E., Sabathier J.C., Jullian S., Kalaydjian F., Ladron De Guevara J.E., Sanchez Bujanos J.L., Rodriguez F.D. (2001) Implementing Convection in a Reservoir Simulator: A Key Feature in Adequately Modeling the Exploitation of the Cantarell Complex, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 4, 2, 128-134.
70. Manrique E.J., Muci V.E., Gurfinkel M.E. (2007) EOR Field Experiences in Carbonate Reservoirs in the Unites States, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 10, 6, 667-686.
71. Mochizuki S. (1995) Well Productivity for Arbitrarily Inclined Well, Paper SPE 29133 presented at the 13th Reservoir Simulation Symposium, San Antonio, TX, Feb. 12-15.
72. Naimi-Tajdar R., Han C., Sepehrnoori K., Arbogast T.J., Miller M.A. (2006) A Fully Implicit, Compositional, Parallel Simulator for IOR Processes in Fractured Reservoirs, Paper SPE 100079 presented at the SPEIDOE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA, April 22-26.
73. Okamoto M., Bourbiaux B. (2005) A Review of the Challenging Reservoir Engineering Aspects of Modeling the Recovery from a Light Oil, Fractured Reservoir by Air Injection, 13th European Symposium on lmproved Oil Recovery, Budapest, Hungary, April 25-27.
74. Peaceman D.W. (1976a) Convection in Fractured Reservoirs -The Effect of Matrix-Fissure Transfer on the Instability of a Density Inversion in a Vertical Fissure, SPE J. 16, 5, 269-280.
75. Peaceman D.W. (1976b) Convection in Fractured Reservoirs -Numerical Calculation of Convection in a Vertical Fissure, Including the Effect of Matrix-Fissure Transfer, SPE J. 16, 5, 281-301.
76. Peaceman D.W. (1983) Interpretation of Well-Block Pressures in Numerical Reservoir Simulation with Nonsquare Grid Blocks and Anisotropic Permeability, SPE J. 23, 3, 531-543.
77. Peng C.P., Yanosik J.L., Stephenson R. (1990) A Generalized Compositional Model for Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, SPE Reserv. Eng. J. 5, 2, 221-226.
78. Por G.J., Boerrigter P., Maas J.G., de Vries A. (1989) A Fractured Reservoir Simulator Capable of Modeling Block-Block Interaction, Paper SPE 19807 presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, TX, Oct. 8-11.
79. Pow M., Allan V., Mallmes R., Kantzas A. (1997) Production of Gas From Tight Naturally-Fractured Reservoirs With Active Water, Paper 97-03 presented at the 48th Annual Technical Meeting of The Petroleum Society, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, June 8-11.
80. Pruess K., Narasimhan T.N. (1985) A Practical Method for Modeling Fluid and Heat Flow in Fractured Porous Media, SPE J. 25, 1, 14-26.
81. Quandalle P., Sabathier J.C. (1989) Typical Features of a Multipurpose Reservoir Simulator, SPE Reserv. Eng. J. 4, 4, 475-480.
82. Quintard M., Whitaker S. (1996) Transport in Chemically and Mechanically Heterogeneous Porous Media I: Theoretical Development of Region-Averaged Equations for Slightly Compressible Single-Phase Flow, Adv. Water Resour. 19, 1, 29-47.
83. Reiss L.H., Bossie Codreanu D., Lefebvre du Prey E.J. (1973) Flow in Fissured Reservoirs, Paper SPE 4343 presented at the Second Annual European Meeting of AIME, London, England, April 2-3.
84. Reiss L.H. (1980) The Reservoir Engineering Aspects of Fractured Formations, Ed. Technip, Paris, 1980.
85. Roosta A., Escrochi M., Varzandeh F., Khatibi J., Ayatollahi Sh., Schafiee M. (2009) Investigating the Mechanism of Thermally Induced Wettability Alteration, Paper SPE 120354 presented at the SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, Bahrain, March 15-18.
86. Rossen R.H. (1977) Simulation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs with Semi Implicit Source Terms, SPE J. 17, 3, 201-210.
87. Rossen R.H., Shen E.I.C. (1989) Simulation of Gas/Oil Drainage and Water/Oil imbibition in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, SPE Reserv. Eng. J. 4, 4, 464-470.
88. Rossen W.R., Kumar A.T.A. (1992) Single- and Two-Phase Flow in Natural Fractures, Paper SPE 24915 presented at SPE ATCE, Washington, DC, Oct. 4-7.
89. Rossen W.R., Kumar A.T.A. (1994) Effect of Fracture Relative Permeabilities on Performance of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, Paper SPE 28700 presented at the SPE International Conference & Exhibition of Mexico, Mexico, Oct. 10-13.
90. Sabathier J.C., Bourbiaux B., Cacas M.C., Sarda S. (1998) A New Approach of Fractured Reservoirs, Paper SPE 39825 presented at the SPE International Petroleum Conference & Exhibition, Villahermosa, Mexico, March 3-5.
91. Sahuquet B.C., Ferrier J.J. (1982) Steam-Drive Pilot in a Fractured Carbonate Reservoir: Lacq Superieur Field, J. Petrol. Technol. 34, 4, 873-880.
92. Saidi A.M. (1983) Simulation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, Paper SPE 12270 presented at the Reservoir Simulation Symposium, San Francisco, CA, November 15-18.
93. Saidi A.M. (1987) Reservoir Engineering of Fractured Reservoirs, TOTAL Edition Presse, Paris.
94. Saidi A.M. (1996) Twenty Years of Gas Injection History into Well-Fractured Haft Kel Field (Iran), Paper SPE 35309 presented at the International Petroleum Conference & Exhibition, Villahermosa, Mexico, March 5-7.
95. Sarda S., Jeannin L., Basquet R., Bourbiaux B. (2002) Hydraulic Characterization of Fractured Reservoirs: Simulation on Discrete Fracture Models, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 5, 2, 154-162.
96. Schulte W.M., de Vries A.S. (1985) In-situ Combustion in Naturally Fractured Heavy Oil Reservoirs, SPE J. 25, 1, 67-77.
97. Snell J.S., Close A.D. (1999) Yates Field Steam Pilot Applies Latest in Seismic and Logging Monitoring Techniques, Paper SPE 56791 presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Houston, TX, Oct. 3-6.
98. Snell J.S., Wadleigh E.E., Tilden J. (2000) Fracture Characterization a Key Factor in Yates Steam Pilot Design and Implementation, Paper SPE 59060 presented at the SPE International Petroleum Conference and Exhibition, Villahermosa, Mexico, Feb. 1-3.
99. Sonier F., Souillard P., Blaskovich F.T. (1986) Numerical Simulation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, Paper SPE 15627 presented at the 61st SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, New Orleans, LA, Oct. 5-8.
100. Spinler E.A., Zornes D.R., Tobola D.P., Moradi-Araghi A. (2000) Enhancement of Oil Recovery Using a Low Concentration of Surfactant to Improve Spontaneous and Forced Imbibition in Chalk, Paper SPE 59290 presented at the SPE/DOE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa, OK, April, 3-5.
101. Tang G.-Q., Firoozabadi A. (2000) Effect of Viscous Forces and Initial Water Saturation on Water Injection in Water-Wet and Mixed-Wet Fractured Porous Media, Paper SPE 59291 presented at the SPE/DOE Improved Oil Recovery Symposium, Tulsa, OK, April, 3-5.
102. Thomas L.K., Dixon T.N., Pierson R.G. (1983) Fractured Reservoir Simulation, SPE J. 23, 1, 42-54.
103. Trocchio J.T. (1990) Investigation of Fateh Mishrif Fluid- Conductive Faults, J. Petrol. Technol. 42, 8, 1038-1045.
104. Turta A.T., Singhal A.K. (2001) Reservoir Engineering Aspects of Light-Oil Recovery by Air Injection, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng. 4, 4, 336-344.
105. Uleberg K., HØier L. (2002) Miscible Gas Injection in Fractured Reservoirs, Paper SPE 75136 presented at the SPE/DOE IOR Symposium, Tulsa, Oklahoma, April 13-17.
106. Van Lingen P., Sengul M., Daniel J.M., Cosentino L. (2001) Single Medium Simulation of Reservoirs with Conductive Faults and Fractures, Paper SPE 68165 presented at the SPE Middle East Oil Show, Bahrain, March 17-20.
107. Von Pattay P.W., Ganzer L.J. (2001) Reservoir Simulation Model for Fractured and Partially Fractured Reservoirs Based on PEBI Grids, Paper SPE 66384 presented at the SPE Reservoir Simulation Symposium, Houston, Texas, Feb. 11-14.
108. Vossoughi S., Asghari K. (1997) Simulation of Fractured Gas Reservoir - An Overview, Paper SPE 39060 presented at the 5th Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference and Exhibition, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Aug. 30-Sept. 3.
109. Warren J.E., Root P.J. (1963) The Behavior of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs, SPE J. 3, 3, 245-255.
110. 2 Enhanced Oil Recovery in Fractured CarbonatesPaper presented at the 25th Annual Workshop & Symposium, Collaborative Project on Enhanced Oil Recovery, International Energy Agency, Stavanger, Norway, September 5-8.
111. Winterfeld P.H. (1996) Development of Dual-Permeability Thermal Simulator and Validation for Yates Field, Paper SPE/DOE 35420 presented at the SPE/DOE Tenth Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery, Tulsa, OK, April 21-24.
112. Zellou A.M., Hartley L.J., Hoogerduinjn E.H., Al Dhahab S.H.H., Boom W., Hadrami F. (2003) Integrated Workflow Applied to the Characterization of a Carbonate Fractured Reservoir: Qarn Alam Field, Paper SPE 81579 presented at the 13th MEOS, Bahrain, June 9-12.