Assessing water and energy budgets for the Mackenzie River Basin

Cold Region Atmospheric and Hydrologic Studies. The Mackenzie GEWEX Experience: Volume 1: Atmospheric Dynamics

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 269-296

  Szeto, Kit K ^a   Tran, Hang ^a   MacKay, Murray ^a   Crawford, Robert ^a   Stewart, Ronald E ^b  

^a ENVIRONMENT CANADA   (Canada)

^b MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77952627323     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-73936-4_16     Document Type: Chapter

References (42)

1. Amiro BD, Todd JB, Wotton BM, Logan KA, Flannigan M, Stocks BJ, Mason JA, Skinner WR, Martell DL, Hirsch KG (2001) Direct carbon emissions from Canadian forest fires, 1959 to 1999. Can J Forest Res 31:512-525
2. ACIA (2005). Arctic climate impact assessment. Scientific report. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
3. Bonan GB (2002) Ecological climatology: Concepts and applications. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
4. Ecological Stratification Working Group (1996) A national ecological framework for Canada. Agr. and Agri-food Can. and Environ Can., Ottawa
5. Flannigan MD, Bergeron Y, Engelmark O, Wotton BM (1998) Future wildfire in circumboreal forests in relation to global warming. J Veg Sci 9:469-476
6. Flannigan MD, Logan KA, Amiro BD, Skinner WR, Stocks BJ (2005) Future area burned in Canada. Climatic Change 72:116
7. Flannigan MD, Wotton BM (1989) A study of interpolation methods for forest fire danger rating in Canada. Can J Forest Res 19:1059-1066
8. Flannigan MD, Wotton BM (2001) Climate, weather and area burned. In: Johnson EA, Miyanishi K (eds) Forest fires: Behavior & ecological effects. Academic Press, pp 335-357
9. Flato GM, Boer GJ, Lee WG, McFarlane NA, Ramsden D, Reader MC, Weaver AJ (2000) The Canadian centre for climate modelling and analysis global coupled model and its climate. Clim Dynam 16:451-467
10. Fleming RA, Candau J-N, McAlpine RS (2002) Landscape-scale analysis of interactions between insect defoliation and forest fire in central Canada. Climatic Change 55:251-272
11. Gillett NP, Weaver AJ, Zwiers FW, Flannigan MD (2004) Detecting the effect of climate change on Canadian forest fires. Geophys Res Lett 31:L18211, doi:10.1029/2004GL020876
12. Gordon C, Cooper C, Senior CA, Banks H, Gregory JM, Johns TC, Mitchell J F B, Wood RA (2000) The simulation of SST, sea ice extents and ocean heat transports in a version of the Hadley Centre coupled model without flux adjustments. Clim Dynam 16:147-168
13. Guo S, Leighton HG, Feng J, Trishchenko A (2007) Wildfire aerosol and cloud radiative forcing in the Mackenzie River Basin from satellite observation. (Vol. I, this book)
14. Hely C, Flannigan MD, Bergeron Y, McRae D (2001) Role of vegetation and weather on fire behavior in the Canadian mixedwood boreal forest using two fire behavior prediction systems. Can J Forest Res 31:430-441
15. IPCC (2001) Intergovernmental panel on climate change. Climate change 2001: the scientific basis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
16. Johnson EA (1992) Fire and vegetation dynamics: studies from the North American boreal forest. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
17. Kochtubajda B, Flannigan MD, Gyakum JR, Stewart RE, Logan KA, Nguyen T-V (2006) Lightning and fires in the Northwest Territories and responses to future climate change. Arctic 59:211-221
18. Kochtubajda B, Stewart RE, Gyakum JR, Flannigan MD (2002) Summer convection and lightning over the Mackenzie River Basin and their impacts during 1994 and 1995. Atmos Ocean 40:199-220
19. Kurz WA, Apps MJ, Stocks BJ, Volney W J A (1994) Global climate change: disturbance regimes and biospheric feedbacks of temperate and boreal forests. In: G. Woodwell (ed) Biotic feedbacks in the global climate system: will the warming speed the warming? Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, pp 119-133
20. Lavorel S, Flannigan MD, Lambin EF, Scholes MC (2007) Vulnerability of land systems to fire: interactions between humans, climate, the atmosphere and ecosystems. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 12:33-53
21. Lyons WA, Nelson TE, Williams ER, Cramer JA, Turner TR (1998) Enhanced positive cloud-to-ground lightning in thunderstorms ingesting smoke from fires. Science 282:77-80
22. McAlpine RS, Hirsch KG (1999) An overview of LEOPARDS: the level of protection analysis system. Forest Chron 75:615-621
23. Mearns LO, Giorgi F, McDaniel L, Shields C (1995) Analysis of daily variability of precipitation in a nested regional climate model? comparison with observations and doubled CO2 results. Global Planet Change 10:55-78
24. Newark MJ (1975) The relationship between forest fire occurrence and 500 mb ridging. Atmos 13:26-33
25. Osborn TJ, Hulme M (1997) Development of a relationship between station and grid-box rainday frequencies for climate model evaluation. J Clim 10:1885-1908
26. Price C, Rind D (1994). The impact of a 2xCO2 climate on lightning-caused fires. J Clim 7:1484-1494
27. Rosenfeld D (1999) TRMM observed first direct evidence of smoke from forest fires inhibiting rainfall. Geophys Res Lett 26:3105-3108
28. ®, Version 8, SAS Institude Inc., Cary, NC.
29. Simmonds PG, Manning AJ, Derwent RG, Ciais P, Ramonet M, Kazan V, Ryall D (2005) A burning question: can recent growth rate anomalies in the greenhouse gases be attributed to large-scale biomass burning events. Atmos Environ 39:2513-2517
30. Skelly WC, Henderson-Sellers A (1996) Grid box or grid point: what type of data do GCMs deliver to climate impacts researchers? Int J Climatol 16:1079-1086
31. Skinner WR, Flannigan MD, Stocks BJ, Martell DM, Wotton BM, Todd JB, Mason JA, Logan KA, Bosch EM (2001) A 500 mb synoptic wildland fire climatology from large Canadian forest fires, 1959-1996. Theor Appl Climatol 71:157-169
32. Skinner WR, Stocks BJ, Martell DL, Bonsal B, Shabbar A. (1999) The association between circulation anomalies in the mid-troposphere and area burned by wildland fire in Canada. Theor Appl Climatol 63:89-105
33. Stocks BJ (1993) Global warming and forest fires in Canada. Forest Chron 69:290-293
34. Stocks BJ, Mason JA, Todd JB, Bosch EM, Wotton BM, Amiro BD, Flannigan MD, Hirsch KG, Logan KA, Martell DL, Skinner WR (2002) Large forest fires in Canada, 1959-1997. J Geophys Res 107:8149, doi:10.1029/2001JD000484
35. Swetnam TW (1993) Fire history and climate change in giant sequoia groves. Science 262:885-889
36. Van Wagner CE (1970) Conversion of Williams severity rating for use with the fire weather index. Can. Dept. Fish and Forest, Petawawa Forest Exp. Stn., Inf rep PS-X-21
37. Van Wagner CE (1987) The development and structure of the Canadian forest fire weather index system. Can Forest Serv, forest tech rep 35, Ottawa, Canada
38. Weber MG, Flannigan MD (1997) Canadian boreal forest ecosystem structure and function in a changing climate: impacts on fire regimes. Environ Rev 5:145-166
39. Weber MG, Stocks BJ (1998) Forest fires and sustainability in the boreal forests of Canada. Ambio 27:545-550
40. Williams DE (1959) Fire season severity rating. Can. Dept. Northern Affairs and Nat. Res., Div tech note 73, Ottawa, Canada
41. Wotton BM, Flannigan MD (1993) Length of the fire season in a changing climate. Forest Chron 69:187-192
42. Wotton BM, Martell DL, Logan KA (2003) Climate change and people-caused forest fire occurrence in Ontario. Climatic Change 60:275-295