Are children and adolescents less active if parents restrict their physical activity and active transport due to perceived risk?

Social Science and Medicine

Volumn 70, Issue 11, 2010, Pages 1799-1805

  Carver, Alison ^a   Timperio, Anna ^a   Hesketh, Kylie ^a   Crawford, David ^a  

^a DEAKIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Adolescents; Australia; Child safety; Children; Constrained behaviour; Parents; Perceived risk; Physical activity

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENCE; CHILD DEVELOPMENT; NEIGHBORHOOD; RISK FACTOR; SAFETY;

ADOLESCENT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ARTICLE; AVOIDANCE BEHAVIOR; CHILD; CHILD BEHAVIOR; CHILD PARENT RELATION; CHILD RESTRAINT SYSTEM; CHILD SAFETY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; CYCLING; EXERCISE INTENSITY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; PARENTAL BEHAVIOR; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RISK FACTOR; SCHOOL CHILD; SELF CONCEPT; WALKING;

ADOLESCENT; AGE FACTORS; BICYCLING; CHILD; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; EXERCISE; FEMALE; HUMANS; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; PARENT-CHILD RELATIONS; PARENTS; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; RISK; SAFETY; SEX FACTORS; TIME FACTORS; VICTORIA; WALKING;

AUSTRALIA; MELBOURNE; VICTORIA [AUSTRALIA];

EID: 77952554251     PISSN: 02779536     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.02.010     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing Australian physical activity recommendations for children and youth 2004, Australian Government, Canberra.
2. Bailey D.A., Martin A.D. Physical activity and skeletal health in adolescents. Pediatric Exercise Science 1994, 6:330-347.
3. Carver A., Timperio A., Crawford D. Playing it safe: the influence of neighbourhood safety on children's physical activity - a review. Health & Place 2008, l4:217-227.
4. Carver A., Timperio A., Crawford D. Neighbourhood road environments and physical activity among youth: the CLAN Study. Journal of Urban Health 2008, 85:532-544.
5. Dowda M., Pate R., Sallis J.F., Freedson P.S. Accelerometer (CSA) count cut points for physical activity intensity ranges in youth. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 1997, 29(S72). abstr. 413.
6. Farrall S. Revisiting crime surveys: emotional responses without emotions? OR Look back in anger. International Journal of Social Research Methodology 2004, 7:157-171.
7. Ferraro K.F. Fear of crime: Interpreting victimization risk 1995, SUNY Press, Albany, NY.
8. Foster S., Giles-Corti B. The built environment, neighborhood crime and constrained physical activity: an exploration of inconsistent findings. Preventive Medicine 2008, 47:241-251.
9. Gershuny J. Escorting children: impact on parental lifestyle. Children, transport and quality of life 1993, 62-76. Policy Studies Institute, London, U.K. M. Hillman (Ed.).
10. Gielen A.C., DeFrancesco S., Bishai D., Mahoney P., Ho S., Guyer B. Child pedestrians: the role of parental beliefs and practices in promoting safe walking in urban neighborhoods. Journal of Urban Health 2004, 81:545-555.
11. Hart R. Children's experience of place 1979, Irvington, New York.
12. Hillman M. Children's rights and adults' wrongs. Children's Geographies 2006, 4:61-67.
13. Hillman M., Adams J., Whitelegg J. One false move.: A study of children's independent mobility 1990, PSI Publishing, London.
14. Karsten L. It all used to be better? Different generations on continuity and change in urban children's daily use of space. Children's Geographies 2005, 3:275-290.
15. Klesges R., Eck L., Hanson C., Haddock C., Klesges L. Effects of obesity, social interactions, and physical environment on physical activity in preschoolers. Health Psychology 1990, 9:435-449.
16. Matthews H. Making sense of place. Children's understanding of large-scale environments 1992, Harvester Wheatsheaf, Hemel Hempstead, England.
17. Matthews H. Living on the edge: children as 'outsiders'. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie 1995, 86:456-466.
18. Morris, J. M., Wang, F. S.Lilja, L. (2003). School children's travel patterns - a look back and a way forward. 24th Australasian Transport Research Forum, Hobart.
19. Morrongiello B.A., Dawber T. Parental influences on toddlers' injury risk behaviors: are sons and daughters socialized differently. Journal of Applied Development Psychology 1999, 20:227-251.
20. Mullan E. Do you think that your local area is a good place for young people to grow up? The effects of traffic and car parking on young people's views. Health & Place 2003, 9:351-360.
21. National Association for Sport and Physical Education Physical activity for children: A statement of guidelines 2004, NASPE Publications, Reston, VA. 2nd ed.
22. Prezza M., Pilloni S., Morabito C., Sersante C., Alparone F., Giuliani M. The influence of psychosocial and environmental factors on children's independent mobility and relationship to peer frequentation. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology 2001, 11:435-450.
23. Raitakari O., Porkka K., Taimela S., Telama R., Rasanen L., Viikari J. Effects of persistent physical activity and inactivity on coronary risk factors in children and young adults. American Journal of Epidemiology 1994, 140:195-205.
24. Sallis J., Nader P., Broyles S., Berry C.C., Elder J.P., McKenzie T.L., et al. Correlates of physical activity at home in Mexican -American and Anglo-American preschool children. Health Psychology 1993, 12:390-398.
25. Salmon J., Timperio A., Cleland V., Venn A. Trends in children's physical activity and weight status in high and low socio-economic status areas of Melbourne, Victoria, 1985-2001. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 2005, 29:337-342.
26. Scott S., Harden J., Jackson S., Backett-Milburn K. Strangers what kind of danger? Children's and parent's constructions of risk Available from, Accessed 07.05.09. http://www.hull.ac.uk/children5to16programme/conference/scott.pdf.
27. Tandy C. Children's diminishing play space: a study of inter-generational change in children's use of their neighbourhoods. Australian Geographical Studies 1999, 37:154-164.
28. Telford A., Salmon J., Timperio A., Crawford D. Reliability and validity of physical activity questionnaires for children: the children's leisure activities study survey (CLASS). Pediatric Exercise Science 2004, 16:64-78.
29. Telford A., Salmon J., Timperio A., Crawford D. Examining physical activity among 5- to 6- and 10- to 12-year-old children: the children's leisure activities study. Pediatric Exercise Science 2005, 17:266-280.
30. Timperio A., Crawford D., Telford A., Salmon J. Perceptions of the local neighbourhood and walking and cycling among children. Preventive Medicine 2004, 38:39-47.
31. Tranter P., Pawson E. Children's access to local environments: a case-study of Christchurch, New Zealand. Local Environment 2001, 6:27-48.
32. Valentine G. " My Son's a Bit Dizzy." " My wife's a Bit Soft": gender, children, and cultures of parenting. Gender, Place and Culture 1997, 4:37-62.
33. Valentine G. " Oh Yes I Can." " Oh No You Can't": children and parents' understandings of kids' competence to negotiate public space safely. Antipode 1997, 29:65-89.
34. Valentine G., McKendrick J. Children's outdoor play: exploring parental concerns about children's safety and the changing nature of childhood. Geoforum 1997, 28:219-235.
35. VicHealth Active and safe travel to school Available from, Accessed 07.05.09. http://www.vichealth.vic.gov.au.