Decision-making: Stenting in acute myocardial infarction

Future Cardiology

Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 301-314

  Brar, Somjot S ^b   Stone, Gregg W ^a  

^a New York Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital   (United States)

^b KAISER PERMANENTE MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Anticoagulation; Antiplatelet therapy; Drug eluting; Myocardial infarction; Stent; Stent thrombosis

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR; CILOSTAZOL; CLOPIDOGREL; FIBRINOGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; HEPARIN; HIRULOG; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; PACLITAXEL; PRASUGREL; RAPAMYCIN; TICAGRELOR; TRANILAST; ZOTAROLIMUS;

ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; ANTICOAGULATION; BARE METAL STENT; BLEEDING; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG ELUTING STENT; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG SAFETY; HEART INFARCTION SIZE; HEART MUSCLE REVASCULARIZATION; HEART REINFARCTION; HUMAN; LOADING DRUG DOSE; MEDICAL DECISION MAKING; MORTALITY; PATIENT SAFETY; PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESTENOSIS; REVIEW; STENT THROMBOSIS; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; TRANSLUMINAL CORONARY ANGIOPLASTY;

ANGIOPLASTY, TRANSLUMINAL, PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY; ANTICOAGULANTS; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; DECISION MAKING; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; HUMANS; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITORS; RISK FACTORS; STENTS; VENOUS THROMBOSIS;

EID: 77952536024     PISSN: 14796678     EISSN: 17448298     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2217/fca.10.12     Document Type: Review

References (104)

1. Lloyd-Jones D, Adams R, Carnethon M et al.: Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2009 update: a report from the American Heart Association statistics committee and stroke statistics subcommittee. Circulation 119 (3), E21-E181 (2009).
2. Roe MT, Parsons LS, Pollack CV Jr et al.: Quality of care by classification of myocardial infarction: treatment patterns for ST-segment elevation vs non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Arch. Intern. Med. 165 (14), 1630-1636 (2005).
3. Mandelzweig L, Battler A, Boyko V et al.: The second Euro Heart Survey on acute coronary syndromes: characteristics, treatment, and outcome of patients with ACS in Europe and the Mediterranean basin in 2004. Eur. Heart J. 27 (19), 2285-2293 (2006).
4. Krumholz HM, Wang Y, Chen J et al.: Reduction in acute myocardial infarction mortality in the United States: riskstandardized mortality rates from 1995-2006. JAMA 302 (7), 767-773 (2009).
5. Kushner FG, Hand M, Smith SC Jr et al.: 2009 focused updates: ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (updating the 2004 guideline and 2007 focused update) and ACC/AHA/SCAI guidelines on percutaneous coronary intervention (updating the 2005 guideline and 2007 focused update) a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Yask Force on Practice Guidelines. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 54 (23), 2205-2241 (2009).
6. Antman EM, Hand M, Armstrong PW et al.: 2007 focused update of the ACC/AHA 2004 guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 51 (2), 210-247 (2008). Updated guidelines on the management of ST-segment myocardial infarction (STEMI).
7. Van de Werf F, Bax J, Betriu A et al.: Management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with persistent ST-segment elevation: the task force on the management of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur. Heart J. 29 (23), 2909-2945 (2008).
8. Ndrepepa G, Berger PB, Mehilli J et al.: Periprocedural bleeding and 1-year outcome after percutaneous coronary interventions: appropriateness of including bleeding as a component of a quadruple end point. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 51 (7), 690-697 (2008).
9. Stone GW, Mclaurin BT, Cox DA et al.: Bivalirudin for patients with acute coronary syndromes. N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (21), 2203-2216 (2006). Pivotal trial of bivalirudin therapy in acute coronary syndromes.
10. Kinnaird TD, Stabile E, Mintz GS et al.: Incidence, predictors, and prognostic implications of bleeding and blood transfusion following percutaneous coronary interventions. Am. J. Cardiol. 92 (8), 930-935 (2003).
11. Feit F, Voeltz MD, Attubato MJ et al.: Predictors and impact of major hemorrhage on mortality following percutaneous coronary intervention from the REPLACE-2 Trial. Am. J. Cardiol. 100 (9), 1364-1369 (2007).
12. Keeley EC, Boura JA, Grines CL: Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: a quantitative review of 23 randomised trials. Lancet 361 (9351), 13-20 (2003).
13. Schomig A, Neumann FJ, Kastrati A et al.: A randomized comparison of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy after the placement of coronary-artery stents. N. Engl. J. Med. 334 (17), 1084-1089 (1996).
14. Kastrati A, Mehilli J, Dirschinger J et al.: Myocardial salvage after coronary stenting plus abciximab versus fibrinolysis plus abciximab in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a randomised trial. Lancet 359 (9310), 920-925 (2002).
15. Brodie BR, Webb J, Cox DA et al.: Impact of time to treatment on myocardial reperfusion and infarct size with primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction (from the EMERALD trial). Am. J. Cardiol. 99 (12), 1680-1686 (2007).
16. Stone GW, Dixon SR, Grines Cl et al.: Predictors of infarct size after primary coronary angioplasty in acute myocardial infarction from pooled ana lysis from four contemporary trials. Am. J. Cardiol. 100 (9), 1370-1375 (2007).
17. Libby P: Current concepts of the pathogenesis of the acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 104 (3), 365-372 (2001).
18. Nakazawa G, Finn AV, Joner M et al.: Delayed arterial healing and increased late stent thrombosis at culprit sites after drug-eluting stent placement for acute myocardial infarction patients: an autopsy study. Circulation 118 (11), 1138-1145 (2008).
19. Joner M, Finn AV, Farb A et al.: Pathology of drug-eluting stents in humans: delayed healing and late thrombotic risk. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 48 (1), 193-202 (2006).
20. Iakovou I, Schmidt T, Bonizzoni E et al.: Incidence, predictors, and outcome of thrombosis after successful implantation of drug-eluting stents. JAMA 293 (17), 2126-2130 (2005).
21. Stone GW, Brodie BR, Griffin JJ et al.: Prospective, multicenter study of the safety and feasibility of primary stenting in acute myocardial infarction: in-hospital and 30-day results of the PAMI stent pilot trial. Primary angioplasty in myocardial infarction stent pilot trial investigators. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 31 (1), 23-30 (1998).
22. De Luca G, Suryapranata H, Stone GW et al.: Coronary stenting versus balloon angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction: a metaregression ana lysis of randomized trials. Int. J. Cardiol. 126 (1), 37-44 (2008).
23. Stone GW, Grines CL, Cox DA et al.: Comparison of angioplasty with stenting, with or without abciximab, in acute myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 346 (13), 957-966 (2002).
24. Moses J W, Leon MB, Popma JJ et al.: Sirolimus-eluting stents versus standard stents in patients with stenosis in a native coronary artery. N. Engl. J. Med. 349 (14), 1315-1323 (2003). Pivotal trial of the sirolimus- eluting stent.
25. Stone GW, Ellis SG, Cox DA et al.: A polymer-based, paclitaxel-eluting stent in patients with coronary artery disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 350 (3), 221-231 (2004).
26. Colombo A, Bramucci E, Sacca S et al.: Randomized study of the crush technique versus provisional side-branch stenting in true coronary bifurcations: the cactus (coronary bifurcations: application of the crushing technique using sirolimus-eluting stents) study Circulation 119 (1), 71-78 (2009).
27. Serruys PW, Morice MC, Kappetein AP et al.: Percutaneous coronary intervention versus coronary-artery bypass grafting for severe coronary artery disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 360 (10), 961-972 (2009). Contemporary comparison of coronary artery bypass grafting and percutaneous coronary intervention.
28. Seung KB, Park DW, Kim YH et al.: Stents versus coronary-artery bypass grafting for left main coronary artery disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 358 (17), 1781-1792 (2008).
29. Win HK, Caldera AE, Maresh K et al.: Clinical outcomes and stent thrombosis following off-label use of drug-eluting stents. JAMA 297 (18), 2001-2009 (2007).
30. Kirtane AJ, Gupta A, Iyengar S et al.: Safety and efficacy of drug-eluting and bare metal stents: comprehensive meta-ana lysis of randomized trials and observational studies. Circulation 119 (25), 3198-3206 (2009). Meta-analysis reviewing many drug-eluting stent trials.
31. Applegate RJ, Sacrinty MT, Kutcher MA et al.: 'Off-label' stent therapy 2-year comparison of drug-eluting versus bare-metal stents. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 51 (6), 607-614 (2008).
32. Stone GW, Lansky AJ, Pocock SJ et al.: Paclitaxel-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents in acute myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 360 (19), 1946-1959 (2009). Randomized controlled trial of paclitaxel-eluting stents in acute myocardial infarction.
33. Valgimigli M, Percoco G, Malagutti P et al.: Tirofiban and sirolimus-eluting stent vs abciximab and bare-metal stent for acute myocardial infarction: a randomized trial. JAMA 293 (17), 2109-2117 (2005).
34. Valgimigli M, Campo G, Percoco G et al.: Comparison of angioplasty with infusion of tirofiban or abciximab and with implantation of sirolimus-eluting or uncoated stents for acute myocardial infarction: the MULTISTRATEGY randomized trial. JAMA 299 (15), 1788-1799 (2008).
35. Spaulding C, Henry P, Teiger E et al.: Sirolimus-eluting versus uncoated stents in acute myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (11), 1093-1104 (2006).
36. Brar SS, Leon MB, Stone GW et al.: Use of drug-eluting stents in acute myocardial infarction: a systematic review and meta-ana lysis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 53 (18), 1677-1689 (2009). Meta-analysis of drug-eluting stents in acute myocardial infarction trials.
37. Stone GW: HORIZONS-AMI: two-year follow-up from a prospective, randomized trial of heparin plus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors vs. bivalirudin and paclitaxeleluting vs. bare-metal stents in stemi. Presented at: Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics. San Francisco, CA, USA 21-25 September 2009.
38. Di Lorenzo E, Sauro R, Varricchio A et al.: Long-term outcome of drug-eluting stents compared with bare metal stents in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: results of the paclitaxel- or sirolimus-eluting stent versus bare metal stent in primary angioplasty (PASEO) randomized trial. Circulation 120 (11), 964-972 (2009).
39. Tebaldi M, Arcozzi C, Campo G, Percoco G, Ferrari R, Valgimigli M: The 5-year clinical outcomes after a randomized comparison of sirolimus-eluting versus bare-metal stent implantation in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 54 (20), 1900-1901 (2009).
40. Chen MS, John JM, Chew DP, Lee DS, Ellis SG, Bhatt DL: Bare metal stent restenosis is not a benign clinical entity Am. Heart J. 151 (6), 1260-1264 (2006).
41. Eikelboom JW, Mehta SR, Anand SS, Xie C, Fox KA, Yusuf S: Adverse impact of bleeding on prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 114 (8), 774-782 (2006).
42. Manoukian SV, Feit F, Mehran R et al.: Impact of major bleeding on 30-day mortality and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes: an ana lysis from the acuity trial. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 49 (12), 1362-1368 (2007).
43. Montalescot G, Barragan P, Wittenberg O et al.: Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition with coronary stenting for acute myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 344 (25), 1895-1903 (2001). (Pubitemid 32553358)
44. O'Shea JC, Hafley GE, Greenberg S et al.: Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa integrin blockade with eptifibatide in coronary stent intervention: the ESPRIT trial: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 285 (19), 2468-2473 (2001).
45. The IMPACT-II Investigators: Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of eptifibatide on complications of percutaneous coronary intervention: IMPACT-II. Integrilin to minimise platelet aggregation and coronary thrombosis-II. Lancet 349 (9063), 1422-1428 (1997).
46. The EPISTENT Investigators: Randomised placebo-controlled and balloon-angioplastycontrolled trial to assess safety of coronary stenting with use of platelet glycoprotein-IIb/IIIa blockade. Lancet 352 (9122), 87-92 (1998).
47. Stone GW, Witzenbichler B, Guagliumi G et al.: Bivalirudin during primary PCI in acute myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 358 (21), 2218-2230 (2008).
48. Kushner FG, Hand M, Smith SC Jr et al.: 2009 focused updates: ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (updating the 2004 guideline and 2007 focused update) and ACC/AHA/SCAI guidelines on percutaneous coronary intervention (updating the 2005 guideline and 2007 focused update): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines. Circulation 120 (22), 2271-2306 (2009). 2009 update of the STEMI guidelines.
49. Park DW, Park SW, Park KH et al.: Frequency of and risk factors for stent thrombosis after drug-eluting stent implantation during long-term follow-up. Am. J. Cardiol. 98 (3), 352-356 (2006).
50. Kuchulakanti PK, Chu WW, Torguson R et al.: Correlates and long-term outcomes of angiographically proven stent thrombosis with sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stents. Circulation 113 (8), 1108-1113 (2006).
51. Smith Sc Jr, Feldman TE, Hirshfield JW Jr et al.: ACC/AHA/SCAI 2005 guideline update for percutaneous coronary intervention-summary article: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association task force on practice guidelines (ACC/AHA/SCAI writing committee to update the 2001 guidelines for percutaneous coronary intervention). J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 47 (1), 216-235 (2006).
52. Brar SS, Kim J, Brar SK et al.: Long-term outcomes by clopidogrel duration and stent type in a diabetic population with de novo coronary artery lesions. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 51 (23), 2220-2227 (2008).
53. Eisenstein EL, Anstrom KJ, Kong DF et al.: Clopidogrel use and long-term clinical outcomes after drug-eluting stent implantation. JAMA 297 (2), 159-168 (2007).
54. Airoldi F, Colombo A, Morici N et al.: Incidence and predictors of drug-eluting stent thrombosis during and after discontinuation of thienopyridine treatment. Circulation 116 (7), 745-754 (2007).
55. Spertus JA, Kettelkamp R, Vance C et al.: Prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of premature discontinuation of thienopyridine therapy after drug-eluting stent placement: results from the premier registry. Circulation 113 (24), 2803-2809 (2006).
56. Melloni C, Alexander KP, Ou FS et al.: Predictors of early discontinuation of evidence-based medicine after acute coronary syndrome. Am. J. Cardiol. 104 (2), 175-181 (2009).
57. Karrowni W, Abdallah M, Itani S, Kobeissi L, Shamseddeen W, Dakik HA: Management of acute coronary syndromes in developing countries: are we complying with practice guidelines? Int. J. Cardiol. (2009) (Epub ahead of print).
58. Fonseca T, Clara JG: Polypharmacy and non-compliance in the hypertensive elderly patient. Rev. Port. Cardiol. 19 (9), 855-872 (2000).
59. Tsuyuki RT: Periodic telephone counselling for polypharmacy improved compliance and reduced mortality. Evid. Based Med. 12 (1), 22 (2007).
60. Mehta SR: CURRENT-PCI OASIS 7: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of high- vs. standard-dose clopidogrel and high- vs. low-dose aspirin in patients undergoing PCI for ACS. Presented at: Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics. San Francisco, CA, USA, 21-25 September 2009.
61. Wiviott SD, Braunwald E, McCabe CH et al.: Prasugrel versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N. Engl. J. Med. 357 (20), 2001-2015 (2007). (Pubitemid 350106708)
62. Wallentin L, Becker RC, Budaj A et al.: Ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N. Engl. J. Med. 361 (11), 1045-1057 (2009).
63. Montalescot G, Wiviott SD, Braunwald E et al.: Prasugrel compared with clopidogrel in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (TRITON-TIMI 38): double-blind, randomised controlled trial. Lancet 373 (9665), 723-731 (2009).
64. Patti G, Nusca A, Mangiacapra F, Gatto L, D'ambrosio A, Di Sciascio G: Point-of-care measurement of clopidogrel responsiveness predicts clinical outcome in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention results of The ARMYDA-PRO (antiplatelet therapy for reduction of myocardial damage during angioplasty-platelet reactivity predicts outcome) study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 52 (14), 1128-1133 (2008).
65. Price MJ, Endemann S, Gollapudi RR et al.: Prognostic significance of post-clopidogrel platelet reactivity assessed by a point-of-care assay on thrombotic events after drug-eluting stent implantation. Eur. Heart J. 29 (8), 992-1000 (2008).
66. Marcucci R, Gori AM, Paniccia R et al.: Cardiovascular death and nonfatal myocardial infarction in acute coronary syndrome patients receiving coronary stenting are predicted by residual platelet reactivity to adp detected by a point-of-care assay: a 12-month follow-up. Circulation 119 (2), 237-242 (2009).
67. Bonello L, Camoin-Jau L, Arques S et al.: Adjusted clopidogrel loading doses according to vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation index decrease rate of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with clopidogrel resistance: a multicenter randomized prospective study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 51 (14), 1404-1411 (2008).
68. Price MJ, Berger PB, Angiolillo DJ et al.: Evaluation of individualized clopidogrel therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation in patients with high residual platelet reactivity: design and rationale of the gravitas trial. Am. Heart J. 157 (5), 818-824 (2009).
69. Kimura Y, Tani T, Kanbe T, Watanabe K: Effect of cilostazol on platelet aggregation and experimental thrombosis. Arzneimittelforschung 35 (7 A), 1144-1149 (1985).
70. Chen KY, Rha SW, Li YJ et al.: Triple versus dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute st-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation 119 (25), 3207-3214 (2009).
71. Han Y, Li Y, Wang S et al.: Cilostazol in addition to aspirin and clopidogrel improves long-term outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes: a randomized, controlled study. Am. Heart J. 157 (4), 733-739 (2009).
72. Hannan EL: Randomized clinical trials and observational studies: guidelines for assessing respective strengths and limitations. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 1 (3), 211-217 (2008).
73. Mauri L, Normand SL: Studies of drugeluting stents: to each his own? Circulation 117 (16), 2047-2050 (2008).
74. Pfsterer M, Brunner-La Rocca HP, Buser PT et al.: Late clinical events after clopidogrel discontinuation may limit the benefit of drug-eluting stents: an observational study of drug-eluting versus bare-metal stents. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 48 (12), 2584-2591 (2006).
75. Lagerqvist B, James SK, Stenestrand U, Lindback J, Nilsson T, Wallentin L: Long-term outcomes with drug-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents in sweden. N. Engl. J. Med. 356 (10), 1009-1019 (2007).
76. Shuchman M: Trading restenosis for thrombosis? New questions about drugeluting stents. N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (19), 1949-1952 (2006).
77. Sianos G, Papafaklis MI, Daemen J et al.: Angiographic stent thrombosis after routine use of drug-eluting stents in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: the importance of thrombus burden. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 50 (7), 573-583 (2007).
78. Chechi T, Vecchio S, Vittori G et al.: St-segment elevation myocardial infarction due to early and late stent thrombosis a new group of high-risk patients. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 51 (25), 2396-2402 (2008).
79. Kotani J, Awata M, Nanto S et al.: Incomplete neointimal coverage of sirolimus-eluting stents: angioscopic findings. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 47 (10), 2108-2111 (2006).
80. Hwang CW, Levin AD, Jonas M, Li PH, Edelman ER: Thrombosis modulates arterial drug distribution for drug-eluting stents. Circulation 111 (13), 1619-1626 (2005).
81. Kimura T, Morimoto T, Nakagawa Y et al.: Antiplatelet therapy and stent thrombosis after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation. Circulation 119 (7), 987-995 (2009).
82. Steinwender C, Hartenthaler B, Lambert T et al.: Incidence of stent thrombosis in patients with drug eluting stents and short-term dual antiplatelet therapy. EuroIntervention 4 (5), 593-599 (2009).
83. Kaltoft A, Jensen LO, Maeng M et al.: 2-year clinical outcomes after implantation of sirolimus-eluting, paclitaxel-eluting, and bare-metal coronary stents: results from the WDHR (Western Denmark heart registry). J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 53 (8), 658-664 (2009).
84. Alfonso F, Suarez A, Perez-Vizcayno MJ et al.: Intravascular ultrasound findings during episodes of drug-eluting stent thrombosis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 50 (21), 2095-2097 (2007).
85. Cook S, Ladich E, Nakazawa G et al.: Correlation of intravascular ultrasound findings with histopathological ana lysis of thrombus aspirates in patients with very late drug-eluting stent thrombosis. Circulation 120 (5), 391-399 (2009).
86. Hoffmann R, Morice MC, Moses JW et al.: Impact of late incomplete stent apposition after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation on 4-year clinical events: intravascular ultrasound ana lysis from the multicentre, randomised, RAVEL, e-SIRIUS and SIRIUS trials. Heart 94 (3), 322-328 (2008).
87. Hong MK, Mintz GS, Lee CW et al.: Late stent malapposition after drug-eluting stent implantation: an intravascular ultrasound ana lysis with long-term follow-up. Circulation 113 (3), 414-419 (2006).
88. Cheneau E, Leborgne L, Mintz GS et al.: Predictors of subacute stent thrombosis: results of a systematic intravascular ultrasound study. Circulation 108 (1), 43-47 (2003).
89. Sawada T, Shite J, Garcia-Garcia HM et al.: Feasibility of combined use of intravascular ultrasound radiofrequency data ana lysis and optical coherence tomography for detecting thin-cap fibroatheroma. Eur. Heart J. 29 (9), 1136-1146 (2008).
90. Sawada T, Shite J, Shinke T et al.: Very late thrombosis of sirolimus-eluting stent due to late malapposition: serial observations with optical coherence tomography. J. Cardiol. 52 (3), 290-295 (2008).
91. Stone GW, Midei M, Newman W et al.: Comparison of an everolimus-eluting stent and a paclitaxel-eluting stent in patients with coronary artery disease: a randomized trial. JAMA 299 (16), 1903-1913 (2008).
92. Pinto Slottow TL, Waksman R: Overview of the 2007 food and drug administration circulatory system devices panel meeting on the endeavor zotarolimus-eluting coronary stent. Circulation 117 (12), 1603-1608 (2008).
93. Ormiston JA, Serruys PW, Regar E et al.: A bioabsorbable everolimus-eluting coronary stent system for patients with single de novo coronary artery lesions (ABSORB): a prospective open-label trial. Lancet 371 (9616), 899-907 (2008).
94. Ijsselmuider A, Verheye S: First report on the use of a novel self-expandable stent for treatment of ST elevation myocardial infarction. Catheter Cardiovasc. Interv. 74 (6), 850-854 (2009).
95. Pittl U, Kaiser C, Brunner-La Rocca HP et al.: Safety and efficacy of drug eluting stents versus bare metal stents in the primary angioplasty of patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction - a prospective randomized study (abstract). Eur. Heart J. 27, 650 (2006).
96. Dedication- AMI: Kelbaek H, Thuesen L, Helqvist S et al.: Drug-eluting versus bare metal stents in patients with ST- segment elevation myocardial infarction: eight-month follow-up in the drug elution and distal protection in acute myocardial infarction (DEDICATION) trial. Circulation 118 (11), 1155-1162 (2008).
97. Diaz De La Llera LS, Ballesteros S, Nevado J et al.: Sirolimus-eluting stents compared with standard stents in the treatment of patients with primary angioplasty. Am. Heart J. 154 (1), E161-E166 (2007).
98. Di Lorenzo E, Varricchio A, Lanzillo T et al.: Paclitaxel and sirolimus implantation in patients with acute myocardial infarction. (abstract). Circulation 112, U538 (2005).
99. Laarman GJ, SuQorp MJ, Dirksen MT et al.: Paclitaxel-eluting versus uncoated stents in primary percutaneous coronary intervention. N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (11), 1105-1113 (2006).
100. Chechi T, Vi Qori G, Biondi Zoccai GG et al.: Single-center randomized evaluation of paclitaxel-eluting versus conventional stent in acute myocardial infarction (SELECTION). J. Interv. Cardiol. 20 (4), 282-291 (2007).
101. Menichelli M, Parma A, Pucci E et al.: Randomized trial of sirolimus-eluting stent versus bare-metal stent in acute myocardial infarction (SESAMI). J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 49 (19), 1924-1930 (2007).
102. Valgimigli M, Percoco G, Malagu P et al.: Tirofiban and sirolimus-eluting stent vs abciximab and bare-metal stent for acute myocardial infarction: a randomized trial. JAMA 293 (17), 2109-2117 (2005).
103. Spaulding C, Henry P, Teiger E et al.: Sirolimus-eluting versus uncoated stents inacute myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (11), 1093-1104 (2006).
104. Stone GW, Lansky AJ, Pocock SJ et al.: Paclitaxel-eluting stents versus bare-metal stents in acute myocardial infarction. N. Engl. J. Med. 360 (19), 1946-1959 (2009).