Field evaluation of paralympic athletes in selected sports: Implications for training

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

Volumn 42, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 1200-1208

  Bernardi, Marco ^a,b   Guerra, Emanuele ^b,c   Di Giacinto, Barbara ^c   Di Cesare, Annalisa ^a   Castellano, Vincenzo ^d   Bhambhani, Yagesh ^e  

^a SAPIENZA UNIVERSITY OF ROME   (Italy)

^b Italian Paralympic Committee   (Italy)

^c Institute of Sports Medicine and Science   (Italy)

^d IRCCS FONDAZIONE SANTA LUCIA   (Italy)

^e UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Aerobic fitness; Cardiorespiratory responses; Disability sport; Exercise intensity; Intermittent and continuous sports

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATHLETE; DISABLED PERSON; EXERCISE TEST; FITNESS; HUMAN; MALE; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSIOLOGY; SPORT;

ADULT; ATHLETES; DISABLED PERSONS; EXERCISE TEST; HUMANS; MALE; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION; PHYSICAL FITNESS; SPORTS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 77952524097     PISSN: 01959131     EISSN: 15300315     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181c67d82     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Abel T, Platen P, Rojas Vega S, Schneider S, Struder HK. Energy expenditure in ball games for wheelchair users. Spinal Cord. 2008;46(12):785-790
2. American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's Resource Manual for Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 3rd ed. Philadelphia (PA): Williams and Wilkins; 1998. p. 140-145, 437-47.
3. Asayama K, Nakamura Y, Ogata H, Morita H, Kodama S, Hatada K. Energy expenditure of paraplegic marathon runners measured during a wheelchair marathon. Paraplegia. 1984;6:121-130
4. Barfield JP, Malone LA, Coleman TA. Comparison of heart rate response to tennis activity between persons with and without spinal cord injuries: implications for a training threshold. Res Q Exerc Sport. 2009;80(1):71-77
5. Beaver WL, Wasserman K, Whipp BJ. A new method for detecting anaerobic threshold by gas exchange. J Appl Physiol. 1986;60(6):2020-2027
6. Bernardi M, Fontana G, Rodio A, et al. Physiological characteristics of America's Cup sailors. J Sports Sci. 2007;25(10): 1149-1160
7. Bhambhani Y. Principles of fitness assessment and training for wheelchair athletes. In: Steadward R, Watkinson J, Wheeler G, editors. Adapted Physical Activity. Edmonton (Canada): University of Alberta Press; 2003. p. 511-535
8. Bhambhani Y. Physiology of wheelchair racing in athletes with spinal cord injury. Sports Med. 2002;32:23-51.
9. Bhambhani YN, Burnham RS, Wheeler GD, Eriksson P, Holland LJ, Steadward RD. Physiological correlates of simulated wheelchair racing in trained quadriplegics. Can J Appl Physiol. 1995;20:65-77.
10. Bhambhani YN, Holland LJ, Steadward RD. Anaerobic threshold in wheelchair athletes with cerebral palsy: validity and reliability. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1993;74(3):305-311
11. Bhambhani YN, Burnham RS, Wheeler GD, Eriksson P, Holland LJ, Steadward RD. Ventilatory threshold during wheelchair exercise in untrained and endurance-trained subjects with spinal cord injury. Adapt Phys Act Q. 1995;(12):333-343
12. Boot CR, Binkhorst RA, Hopman MT. Body temperature responses in spinal cord injured individuals during exercise in the cold and heat. Int J Sports Med. 2006;27(8):599-604.
13. Burgomaster KA, Heigenhauser GJ, Gibala MJ. Effect of short-term sprint interval training on human skeletal muscle carbohydrate metabolism during exercise and time-trial performance. J Appl Physiol. 2006;100(6):2041-2047
14. Burke EJ, Auchinachie JA, Hayden R, Loftin MJ. Energy cost of wheelchair basketball. Phys Sportsmed. 1985;13:99-105.
15. Chin T, Sawamura S, Fujita H, et al. The efficacy of the one-leg cycling test for determining the anaerobic threshold (AT) of lower limb amputees. Prosthet Orthot Int. 1997;21(2):141-146
16. Chin T, Sawamura S, Fujita H, et al. Effect of endurance training program based on anaerobic threshold (AT) for lower limb amputees. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2001;38(1):7-11.
17. Chin T, Sawamura S, Fujita H, et al. Physical fitness of lower limb amputees. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;81(5):321-325
18. Coutts KD. Drag and sprint performance of wheelchair basketball players. J Rehabil Res Dev. 1994;31(2):138-143
19. Coutts KD. Heart rates of participants in wheelchair sports. Paraplegia. 1988;26(1):43-49
20. Coutts KD, McKenzie DC. Ventilatory thresholds during wheelchair exercise in individuals with spinal cord injuries. Paraplegia. 1995;33(7):419-422
21. Coutts KD, Schutz RW. Analysis of wheelchair track performances. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1988;20(2):188-194
22. Dawson B, Bridle J, Lockwood RJ. Thermoregulation of paraplegic and able bodied men during prolonged exercise in hot and cool climates. Paraplegia. 1994;32(12):860-870
23. Dwyer GB, Mahon AD. Ventilatory threshold and peak exercise response in athletes with CP during treadmill and cycle ergometry. Adapt Phys Act Q. 1994;11:329-334
24. Gass GC, Camp EM. Physiological characteristics of trained Australian paraplegic and tetraplegic subjects. Med Sci Sports. 1979;11(3):256-259
25. Goosey-Tolfrey VL, Tolfrey K. The oxygen uptake-heart rate relationship in trained female wheelchair athletes. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2004;41(3B):415-420
26. Hutzler Y. Anaerobic fitness testing of wheelchair users. Sports Med. 1998;25(2):101-113
27. Hutzler Y. Physical performance of elite wheelchair basketball players in armcranking ergometry and in selected wheeling tasks. Paraplegia. 1993;31(4):255-261
28. Plato PA, McNulty M, Crunk SM, Tug Ergun A. Predicting lactate threshold using ventilatory threshold. Int J Sports Med. 2008;29(9):732-737
29. Porto YC, Almeida M, de Sa CK, Schwingel PA, Zoppi CC. Anthropometric and physical characteristics of motor disabilited Paralympic rowers. Res Sports Med. 2008;16(3):203-212
30. Roy JL, Menear KS, Schmid MM, Hunter GR, Malone LA. Physiological responses of skilled players during a competitive wheelchair tennis match. J Strength Cond Res. 2006;20(3): 665-671
31. Schmid A, Huonker M, Stober P, et al. Physical performance and cardiovascular and metabolic adaptation of elite female wheelchair basketball players in wheelchair ergometry and in competition. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1998;77(6):527-533
32. 2peak and the gas-exchange anaerobic threshold during incremental arm cranking in able-bodied and paraplegic men. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1999;80(4):292-297
33. Smith DJ. A framework for understanding the training process leading to elite performance. Sports Med. 2004;33:1103-1126
34. van der Woude LH, Bakker WH, Elkhuizen JW, Veeger HE, Gwinn T. Propulsion technique and anaerobic work capacity in elite wheelchair athletes: cross-sectional analysis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1998;77(3):222-234
35. van der Woude LH, Bouten C, Veeger HE, Gwinn T. Aerobic work capacity in elite wheelchair athletes: a cross-sectional analysis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2002;81(4):261-271
36. Vanlandewijck YC, Daly DJ, Theisen DM. Field test evaluation of aerobic, anaerobic, and wheelchair basketball skill performances. Int J Sports Med. 1999;20(8):548-554
37. Vanlandewijck YC, Evaggelinou C, Daly DJ, et al. The relationship between functional potential and field performance in elite female wheelchair basketball players. J Sports Sci. 2004;22(7):668-675
38. Vanlandewijck YC, Spaepen AJ, Lysens RJ. Wheelchair propulsion: functional ability dependent factors in wheelchair basketball players. Scand J Rehabil Med. 1994;26(1): 37-48.
39. Veeger HE, Hadj Yahmed M, van der Woude LH, Charpentier P. Peak oxygen uptake and maximal power output of Olympic wheelchair-dependent athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1991;23(10):1201-1209
40. Wasserman K. The anaerobic threshold: definition, physiological significance and identification. Adv Cardiol. 1986;35:1-23