Cryptococcal meningitis in non-HIV-infected patients in a Chinese tertiary care hospital, 1997-2007

Medical Mycology

Volumn 48, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 570-579

  Zhu, Li Ping ^a   Wu, Ji Qin ^a   Xu, Bin ^a   Ou, Xue Ting ^a   Zhang, Qiang Qiang ^a   Weng, Xin Hua ^a  

^a FUDAN UNIVERSITY   (China)

Author keywords

Cryptococcal meningitis; HIV Seronegativity

Indexed keywords

AMPHOTERICIN B; FLUCONAZOLE; FLUCYTOSINE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN HERNIA; BRAIN TISSUE; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID CULTURE; CHILD; CHINESE; CLINICAL FEATURE; COMA; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORTICOSTEROID THERAPY; CRANIAL NERVE PARALYSIS; CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; DISEASE SEVERITY; FEMALE; FEVER; HUMAN; HYDROCEPHALUS; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENINGISM; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; NONHUMAN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PROGNOSIS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SEIZURE; SERODIAGNOSIS; SURVIVAL RATE; SURVIVAL TIME; TERTIARY HEALTH CARE; TREATMENT RESPONSE; VOMITING;

ADULT; ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; CD4 LYMPHOCYTE COUNT; CHI-SQUARE DISTRIBUTION; CHINA; CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS; FEMALE; HOSPITALS, UNIVERSITY; HUMANS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST; MALE; MENINGITIS, CRYPTOCOCCAL; MIDDLE AGED; PROGNOSIS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SURVIVAL ANALYSIS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 77952506364     PISSN: 13693786     EISSN: 14602709     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3109/13693780903437876     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Mitchell TG, Perfect JR. Cryptococcosis in the era of AIDS -100 years after the discovery of Cryptococcus neoformans. Clin Microbiol Rev 1995;8:515-548.
2. Mirza SA, Phelan M, Rimland D, et al. The changing epidemiology of cryptococcosis: an update from population-based active surveillance in 2 large metropolitan areas, 1992-2000. Clin Infect Dis 2003;36:789-794.
3. Dromer F, Mathulin-Pelissier S, Fontanet A, et al. Epidemiology of HIV-associated cryptococcosis in France (1985-2001): comparison of the pre- and post-HAART eras. AIDS 2004;18:556-562.
4. Antinori S, Ridolfo A, Fasan M, et al. AIDS-associated cryptococcosis: a comparison of epidemiology, clinical features and outcome in the pre- and post-HAART eras. Experience of a single centre in Italy. HIV Med 2009;10:6-11.
5. Zonios DI, Falloon J, Huang C, Chaitt D, Bennett JE. Cryptococcosis and idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. Medicine (Baltimore) 2007;86:78-92.
6. Pukkila-Worley R, Mylonakis E. Epidemiology and management of cryptococcal meningitis: developments and challenges. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2008;9:551-560.
7. Singh N, Dromer F, Perfect JR, Lortholary O. Cryptococcosis in solid organ transplant recipients: current state of the science. Clin Infect Dis 2008;47:1321-1327.
8. Pappas PG, Perfect JR, Cloud GA, et al. Cryptococcosis in human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients in the era of effective azole therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2001;33:690-699.
9. Bennett JE, Dismukes WE, Duma RJ, et al. A comparison of amphotericin B alone and combined with flucytosine in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. N Engl J Med 1979;301:126-131.
10. Dismukes WE, Cloud G, Gallis HA, et al. Treatment of cryptococcal meningitis with combination amphotericin B and flucytosine for four as compared with six weeks. N Engl J Med 1987;317:334-341.
11. Dromer F, Mathoulin S, Dupont B, Brugiere O, Letenneur L. Comparison of the efficacy of amphotericin B and fluconazole in the treatment of cryptococcosis in human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients: retrospective analysis of 83 cases. French Cryptococcosis Study Group. Clin Infect Dis 1996;22:S154-160.
12. + T-lymphocyte depletion in persons without evident HIV infection. United States. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1992;41:541-545.
13. Jiang W, Kang L, Lu HZ, et al. Normal values for CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte subsets in healthy Chinese adults from Shanghai. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2004;11:811-813.
14. Chayakulkeeree M, Perfect JR. Cryptococcosis. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2006;20:507-544.
15. Segal BH, Herbrecht R, Stevens DA, et al. Defining responses to therapy and study outcomes in clinical trials of invasive fungal diseases: Mycoses Study Group and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer consensus criteria. Clin Infect Dis 2008;47:674-683.
16. Diamond RD, Bennett JE. Prognostic factors in cryptococcal meningitis. A study in 111 cases. Ann Intern Med 1974;80:176-181.
17. Dromer F, Mathoulin S, Dupont B, Laporte A. Epidemiology of cryptococcosis in France: a 9-year survey (1985-1993). French Cryptococcosis Study Group. Clin Infect Dis 1996;23:82-90.
18. Dromer F, Mathoulin-Pélissier S, Launay O, Lortholary O. Determinants of disease presentation and outcome during cryptococcosis: the CryptoA/D study. PLos Med 2007;4:e21.
19. Kiertiburanakul S, Wirojtananugoon S, Pracharktam R, Sungkanuparph S. Cryptococcosis in human immunodeficiency virus-negative patients. Int J Infect Dis 2006;10:72-78.
20. Lui G, Lee N, Ip M, et al. Cryptococcosis in apparently immunocompetent patients. QJM 2006;99:143-151.
21. Lu CH, Chang HW, Chuang YC. The prognostic factors of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-negative patients. J Hospital Infect 1999;42:313-320.
22. Shih CC, Chen YC, Chang SC, Luh KT, Hsieh WC. Cryptococcal meningitis in non-HIV-infected patients. QJM 2000;93:245-251.
23. Wu MH, Xu ZY, Weng XH, et al. A clinical analysis of 74 cases of cryptococcosis. Acta Academiae Med Shanghai 1987;14:457-459.
24. Yao Z, Liao W, Chen R. Management of cryptococcosis in non-HIV-related patients. Med Mycol 2005;43:245-251.
25. Tjia TL, Yeow YK, Tan CB. Cryptococcal meningitis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1985;48:853-858.
26. Richardson PM, Mohandas A, Arumugasamy N. Cerebral cryptococcosis in Malaysia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1976;39:330-337.
27. Wu G, Vilchez RA, Eidelman B, et al. Cryptococcal meningitis: an analysis among 5521 consecutive organ transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2002;4:183-188.
28. Ecevit IZ, Clancy CJ, Schmalfuss IM, Nguyen MH. The poor prognosis of central nervous system cryptococcosis among nonimmunosuppressed patients: a call for better disease recognition and evaluation of adjuncts to antifungal therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2006;42:1443-1447.
29. White M, Cirrincione C, Blevins A, et al. Cryptococcal meningitis: outcome in patients with AIDS and patients with neoplastic disease. J Infect Dis 1992;165:960-963.
30. Saag MS, Graybill RJ, Larsen RA, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Practice guidelines for the management of cryptococcal disease. Clin Infect Dis 2000;30:710-718.
31. Bicanic T, Harrison T, Niepieklo A, Dyakopu N, Meintjes G. Symptomatic relapse of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis after initial fluconazole monotherapy: the role of fluconazole resistance and immune reconstitution. Clin Infect Dis 2006;43:1069-1073.
32. Husain C, Wagener MM, Singh N. Cryptococcus neoformans infection in organ transplant recipients: variables influencing clinical characteristics and outcome. Emerg Infect Dis 2001;7:375-381.