Leukocyte count in peripheral arterial disease: A simple, reliable, inexpensive approach to cardiovascular risk prediction

Atherosclerosis

Volumn 210, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 288-293

  Giugliano, Giuseppe ^a   Brevetti, Gregorio ^a   Lanero, Simona ^a   Schiano, Vittorio ^a   Laurenzano, Eugenio ^a   Chiariello, Massimo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

Author keywords

Cardiovascular diseases; Inflammation; Leukocyte count; Neutrophil count; Peripheral arterial disease; Prognosis

Indexed keywords

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; C REACTIVE PROTEIN; MYELOPEROXIDASE;

AGED; ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX; ARTERY DISEASE; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIASTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE; FEMALE; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; HYPERTENSION; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NEUTROPHIL COUNT; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; RISK ASSESSMENT; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SMOKING; STROKE; SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE;

AGED; ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; FEMALE; HUMANS; LEUKOCYTE COUNT; MALE; NEUTROPHILS; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; PROGNOSIS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES;

EID: 77952419890     PISSN: 00219150     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.11.009     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Libby P., Ridker P.M., Maseri A. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation 2002, 105:1135-1143.
2. Pearson T.A., Mensah G.A., Alexander R.W., et al. Markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease: application to clinical and public health practice: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the American Heart Association. Circulation 2003, 107:499-511.
3. Vasan R.S. Biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: molecular basis and practical considerations. Circulation 2006, 113:2335-2362.
4. Madjid M., Awan I., Willerson J.T., Casscells S.W. Leukocyte count and coronary heart disease: implications for risk assessment. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004, 44:1945-1956.
5. Friedman G.D., Klatsky A.L., Siegelaub A.B. The leukocyte count as a predictor of myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1974, 290:1275-1278.
6. Ruggiero C., Metter E.J., Cherubini A., et al. White blood cell count and mortality in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007, 49:1841-1850.
7. Hajj-Ali R., Zareba W., Ezzeddine R., Moss A.J. Relation of the leukocyte count to recurrent cardiac events in stable patients after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2001, 88:1221-1224.
8. Horne B.D., Anderson J.L., John J.M., et al. Which white blood cell subtypes predict increased cardiovascular risk?. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005, 45:1638-1643.
9. Weitz J.I., Byrne J., Clagett G.P., et al. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic arterial insufficiency of the lower extremities: a critical review. Circulation 1996, 94:3026-3049.
10. Criqui M.H., Langer R.D., Fronek A., et al. Mortality over a period of 10 years in patients with peripheral arterial disease. N Engl J Med 1992, 326:381-386.
11. O'Riordain D.S., O'Donnell J.A. Realistic expectations for the patient with intermittent claudication. Br J Surg 1991, 78:861-863.
12. Brevetti G., Martone V.D., Perna S., et al. Intermittent claudication and risk of cardiovascular events. Angiology 1998, 49:843-848.
13. Rossi E., Biasucci L.M., Citterio F., et al. Risk of myocardial infarction and angina in patients with severe peripheral vascular disease: predictive role of C-reactive protein. Circulation 2002, 105:800-803.
14. Vainas T., Stassen F.R., de Graaf R., et al. C-reactive protein in peripheral arterial disease: relation to severity of the disease and to future cardiovascular events. J Vasc Surg 2005, 42:243-251.
15. Beckman J.A., Preis O., Ridker P.M., Gerhard-Herman M. Comparison of usefulness of inflammatory markers in patients with versus without peripheral arterial disease in predicting adverse cardiovascular outcomes (myocardial infarction, stroke, and death). Am J Cardiol 2005, 96:1374-1378.
16. Silvestro A., Brevetti G., Schiano V., Scopacasa F., Chiariello M. Adhesion molecules and cardiovascular risk in peripheral arterial disease. Soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 improves risk stratification. Thromb Haemost 2005, 93:559-563.
17. Hoogeveen R.C., Morrison A., Boerwinkle E., et al. Plasma MCP-1 level and risk for peripheral arterial disease and incident coronary heart disease: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Atherosclerosis 2005, 183:301-307.
18. Brevetti G., Schiano V., Laurenzano E., et al. Myeloperoxidase, but not C-reactive protein, predicts cardiovascular risk in peripheral arterial disease. Eur Heart J 2008, 29:224-230.
19. Dormandy J.A., Murray G.D. The fate of the claudicant-a prospective study of 1969 claudicants. Eur J Vasc Surg 1991, 5:131-133.
20. Violi F., Criqui M., Longoni A., Castiglioni C. Relation between risk factors and cardiovascular complications in patients with peripheral vascular disease. Results from the A.D.E.P. study. Atherosclerosis 1996, 120:25-35.
21. Haumer M., Amighi J., Exner M., et al. Association of neutrophils and future cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral artery disease. J Vasc Surg 2005, 41:610-617.
22. Heagerty P.J., Lumley T., Pepe M.S. Time-dependent ROC curves for censored survival data and a diagnostic marker. Biometrics 2000, 56:337-344.
23. Efron B., Tibshirani R.J. An introduction to the bootstrap 1993, Chapman & Hall, London, UK.
24. Pepe M.S., Janes H., Longton G., Leisenring W., Newcomb P. Limitations of the odds ratio in gauging the performance of a diagnostic, prognostic, or screening marker. Am J Epidemiol 2004, 159:882-890.
25. Hansen L.K., Grimm R.H., Neaton J.D. The relationship of white blood cell count to other cardiovascular risk factors. Int J Epidemiol 1990, 19:881-888.
26. Hogh A.L., Joensen J., Lindholt J.S., Jacobsen M.R., Ostergaard L. C-reactive protein predicts future arterial and cardiovascular events in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease. Vasc Endovascular Surg 2008, 42:341-347.
27. McLafferty R.B., Dunnington G.L., Mattos M.A., et al. Factors affecting the diagnosis of peripheral vascular disease before vascular surgery referral. J Vasc Surg 2000, 31:870-879.
28. Leng G.C., Lee A.J., Fowkes F.G., et al. Incidence, natural history and cardiovascular events in symptomatic and asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease in the general population. Int J Epidemiol 1996, 25:1172-1181.