Hydrocarbon emission fingerprints from contemporary vehicle/engine technologies with conventional and new fuels

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 44, Issue 18, 2010, Pages 2167-2175

  Montero, Larisse ^a,b   Duane, Matthew ^a   Manfredi, Urbano ^a   Astorga, Covadonga ^a   Martini, Giorgio ^a   Carriero, Massimo ^a   Krasenbrink, Alois ^a   Larsen, B R ^a  

^a JOINT RESEARCH CENTRE   (Italy)

^b European Research Council   (Belgium)

Author keywords

Biofuel; C2 C9 VOC; Diesel; Ethanol; LPG; Petrol

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC OZONE; C2-C9 VOC; CONTROL LABORATORY; DIESEL EXHAUSTS; DRIVING CYCLE; EMISSION TEST; EUROPEAN COMMISSION; FATTY ACID METHYL ESTER; HC EMISSIONS; HEALTH IMPLICATIONS; HYDROCARBON EMISSION; LIGHT-DUTY; LINEAR CORRELATION; OZONE FORMATION; PALM OIL METHYL ESTERS; RAPESEED METHYL ESTER; RECEPTOR MODELLING; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; SOYBEAN OIL; STRONG CORRELATION; SUNFLOWER OIL METHYL ESTER; TOTAL MASS; TRACER COMPOUNDS; VEHICLE EMISSION;

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; BENZENE; BICYCLES; BUTANE; EMISSION CONTROL; ESTERIFICATION; ESTERS; ETHANOL; FATTY ACIDS; FUELS; GAS INDUSTRY; GASOLINE; HYDROCARBONS; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; MOTORCYCLES; OZONE; RESEARCH LABORATORIES; STATISTICAL TESTS; TECHNOLOGY; VEGETABLE OILS;

ETHANOL FUELS;

1 BUTENE; 1,2 BUTADIENE; 1,2,4 TRIMETHYLBENZENE; 1,3 BUTADIENE; 1,3,5 TRIMETHYLBENZENE; ACETYLENE; ALCOHOL; BENZENE; BUTANE; CIS 2 BUTENE; DIESEL FUEL; ETHANE; ETHYLBENZENE; ETHYLENE; FATTY ACID ESTER; FUEL; GASOLINE; HEPTANE; HEXANE; HYDROCARBON; ISOBUTANE; ISOBUTYLENE; ISOPENTANE; ISOPRENE; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; META XYLENE; ORTHO XYLENE; OZONE; PALM OIL; PENTANE; PROPANE; PROPYLENE; PROPYNE; RAPESEED OIL; SOYBEAN OIL; SUNFLOWER OIL; TOLUENE; TRACER; TRANS 2 BUTENE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

BENZENE; DIESEL; EMISSION CONTROL; ETHANOL; EUROPEAN COMMISSION; EXHAUST EMISSION; FUEL; HYDROCARBON; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; OZONE; TRAFFIC EMISSION;

ARTICLE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; DRIVER; EUROPEAN UNION; EXHAUST GAS; MOTOR VEHICLE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TECHNOLOGY;

EUROPE;

BRASSICA NAPUS; GLYCINE MAX; HELIANTHUS;

EID: 77952297237     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.027     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Atkinson R. Gas-phase tropospheric chemistry of organic compounds: a review. Atmospheric Environment 2007, 41:S200-S240.
2. Baerns M. Basic Principles in Applied Catalysis 2004, Springer-Verlag.
3. Badol C., Locoge N., Léonardis T., Galloo J.C. Using a source-receptor approach to characterise VOC behaviour in a French urban area influenced by industrial emissions part I: study area description, data set acquisition and qualitative data analysis of the data set. Science of The Total Environment 2008, 389:441-452.
4. Barlow, T.J., Latham, S., McCrae, I.S., Boulter, P.G., 2006. A Reference Book of Driving Cycles For Use in the Measurement of Road Vehicle Emissions. TRL Project Report. Wokingham, UK. UPR/IE/054/06.
5. Bonnel, P., Martini, G., Krasenbrink, A., 2003. European Commission Joint Research Centre Technical Note. EURO3 Stage for Motorcycles: Derivation of Equivalent Limits for the WMTC Driving Cycle. No. 1/03.94, Ispra, Italy.
6. Borbon A., Coddeville P., Locoge N., Galloo J.-C. Characterising sources and sinks of rural VOC in eastern France. Chemosphere 2004, 57:931-942.
7. Borbon A., Fontaine H., Locoge N., Veillerot M., Galloo J.-C. Developing receptor-oriented methods for non-methane hydrocarbon characterisation in urban air: part I: source identification. Atmospheric Environment 2003, 37:4051-4064.
8. Borbon A., Fontaine H., Locoge N., Veillerot M., Galloo J.-C. Developing receptor-oriented methods for non-methane hydrocarbon characterisation in urban air: part II: source apportionment. Atmospheric Environment 2003, 37:4065-4076.
9. California Code of Regulations, 2001. Article 1. Tables of Maximum Incremental Reactivity (MIR), values Section 94-7000-94701.
10. Caplain I., Cazier Habiba Nouali F., Mercier A., Déchaux J.C., Nollet V., Joumard R., André J.M., Vidon J. Emissions of unregulated pollutants from European gasoline and diesel passenger cars. Atmospheric Environment 2006, 40:5954-5966.
11. Carter W.P.L. Development of ozone reactivity scales for volatile organic compounds. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 1994, 44:881-899.
12. Carter W.P.L., Pierce J.A., Luo D., Malkina I.L. Environmental chamber study of maximum incremental reactivities of volatile organic compounds. Atmospheric Environment 1995, 29:2499-2511.
13. Chang C.C., Lo J.G., Wang J.J. Assessment of reducing ozone forming potential for vehicles using liquefied petroleum gas as an alternative fuel. Atmospheric Environment 2001, 35:6201-6211.
14. Corrêa S.M., Arbilla G. Carbonyl emissions in diesel and biodiesel exhaust. Atmospheric Environment 2008, 42:769-775.
15. Czerwinski, J., Comte, P., Larsen, B.R., Martini, G., Mayer, A., 2006. Research on Particle Emissions of modern 2-Stroke Scooters. SAE Technical Papers 2006-01, pp. 1078-1082.
16. Derwent R.G., Jenkin M.E., Saunders S.M., Pilling, Passant M.J.N.R. Multi-day ozone formation for alkenes and carbonyls investigated with a master chemical mechanism under European conditions. Atmospheric Environment 2005, 39:627-635.
17. Dimitriades B. Scientific basis for the VOC reactivity issues raised by section 183(e) of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association 1996, 46:963-970.
18. EEA, 2006. European Environment Agency Report. Energy and Environment in the European Union: Tracking Process to Integration. No. 8/2006, Copenhagen, DK. ISSN 1725-9177.
19. EEA, 2007. European Environment Agency Report. Air Pollution in Europe 1990-2004. No. 2/2007, Copenhagen, DK. ISSN 1725/9177.
20. EPA, 1998. United States Environmental Protection Agency Report. Carcinogenic Effects of Benzene: an Updated Toxicological Review of Benzene. EPA/600/P-97/001F.
21. EPA, 2002a. United States Environmental Protection Agency Draft Technical Report. A Comprehensive Analysis of Biodiesel Impacts on Exhaust Emissions. EPA420-P-02-001.
22. EPA, 2002b. United States Environmental Protection Agency Report. Health Assessment of 1,3-butadiene. EPA/600/P98/001F.
23. Farfaletti A., Astorga C., Martini G., Manfredi U., Mueller A., Rey M., De Santi G., Larsen B.R. Effect of water/fuel emulsions and a cerium-based combustion improver additive on HD and LD diesel exhaust emissions. Environmental Science and Technology 2005, 39:6792-6799.
24. Gaffney J.S., Marley N.A., Martin R.S., Dixon R.W., Reyes L.G., Popp C.J. Potential air quality effects of using ethanol-gasoline fuel blends: a field study in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Environmental Science and Technology 1997, 35:3053-3061.
25. Graham L.A., Belisle S.L., Baas C.L. Emissions from light duty gasoline vehicles operating on low blend ethanol gasoline and E85. Atmospheric Environment 2008, 42:4498-4516.
26. Guo H., So K.L., Simpson I.J., Barletta B., Meinardi S., Blake D.R. C1-C8 volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere of Hong Kong: overview of atmospheric processing and source apportionment. Atmospheric Environment 2007, 41:1456-1472.
27. Kansal A. Sources and reactivity of NMHCs and VOCs in the atmosphere: a review. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2009, 166:17-26.
28. Kotzias D., Hjorth J. Sampling and analysis of selected volatile orgaic compounds (VOC) relevant for the formation of photochemical oxidants. Pollution Atmospherique, Numero Special, Juillet 1991, 209-215.
29. Larsen B.R., Tudos A., Slanina J., van der Borg K., Kotzias D. Quantification of airborne fossil and biomass carbonylic carbon by combined radiocarbon and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Atmospheric Environment 2001, 35:5695-5707.
30. Larsen, B.R. (Ed.), 2004. European Commission Joint Research Centre EUR Report. Proceedings of the International Expert Meeting on Measurement of Ozone Precursor Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), Ispra (VA), Italy. March 6-7, 2003. EUR 21056 EN. Brussels, B.
31. Latella A., Stani G., Cobelli L., Duane M., Junninen H., Astorga C., Larsen B.R. Semicontinuous GC analysis and receptor modelling for source apportionment of ozone precursor hydrocarbons in Bresso, Milan. Journal of Chromatography 2005, 1071:29-39.
32. Liu Y., Shao M., Fu S., Lua S., Zeng L., Tang D. Source profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) measured in China: part I. Atmospheric Environment 2008, 42:6247-6260.
33. Liu Y., Shao M., Lu S., Chang C.C., Wang J.L., Fu L. Source apportionment of ambient volatile organic compounds in the Pearl River Delta, China: part II. Atmospheric Environment 2008, 42:6247-6260.
34. Martini G., Astorga C., Adam T., Bonnel P., Farfaletti A., Junninen H., Manfredi U., Montero L., Müller A., Krasenbrink A., Larsen B.R., Rey M., De Santi G. Physical & Chemical Characterization of Emissions from 2-Stroke Motorcycles. Comparison with 4-Stroke Engines 2009, EUR 23999 EN, European Communities, Brussels.
35. Martini G., Astorga C., Adam T., Bonnel P., Farfaletti A., Manfredi U., Montero L., Müller A., Krasenbrink A., Larsen B.R., Santi De Effect of Fuel Ethanol Content on Exhaust Emissions of a Flexible Fuel Vehicle 2009, EUR 25005 EN, European Communities, Brussels.
36. Montero L., Vasconcellos P.C., Souza S.R., Pires M.A.F., Sanchez-Coyllo O.R., Andrade M.F., Carvalho L.R.F. Measurements of atmospheric carboxylic acids and carbonyl compounds in São Paulo City, Brazil. Environmental Science and Technology 2001, 35:3071-3081.
37. Na K. Determination of VOC source signature of vehicle exhaust in a traffic tunnel. Journal of Environmental Management 2006, 81:392-398.
38. Na K., Kim Y.P. Chemical mass balance receptor model applied to ambient C2-C9 VOC concentration in Seoul, Korea: effect of chemical reaction losses. Atmospheric Environment 2007, 41:6715-6728.
39. Payria F., Bermúdeza V.R., Tormosa B., Waldemar W.G. Hydrocarbon emissions speciation in diesel and biodiesel exhausts. Atmospheric Environment 2009, 43:1273-1279.
40. Schauer J.J., Kleeman M.J., Cass G.R., Simoneit B.R.T. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources, 2. C1-C30 organic compounds from medium duty diesel trucks. Environmental Science and Technology 1999, 33:1578-1587.
41. Schauer J.J., Kleeman M.J., Cass G.R., Simoneit B.R.T. Measurement of Emissions from air pollution sources. 5. C1-C32 organic compounds from gasoline-powered motor vehicles. Environmental Science and Technology 2002, 36:1169-1180.
42. Theloke J., Friedrich R. Compilation of a database on the composition of anthropogenic VOC emissions for atmospheric modelling in Europe. Atmospheric Environment 2007, 41:4148-4160.
43. Tsai J.H., Hsu Y.C., Weng H.C., Lin W.Y., Jeng F.T. Air pollution emission factors from new and in-use motorcycles. Atmospheric Environment 2001, 34:4747-4754.
44. Tsai J.H., Chiang H.L., Hsu Y.C., Weng H.C., Yang C.Y. The speciation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from motorcycle engine exhaust at different driving modes. Atmospheric Environment 2003, 37:2485-2496.
45. Varisli D., Dogu T., Gulsen Dogu G. Ethylene and diethyl-ether production by dehydration reaction of ethanol over different heteropolyacid catalysts. Chemical Engineering Science 2007, 62:5349-5352.
46. Watson J.G., Chow J.C., Fujita E.M. Review of volatile organic compound source apportionment by chemical mass balance. Atmospheric Environment 2001, 35:1567-1584.
47. Wåhlin P. COPREM - a multivariate receptor model with a physical approach. Atmospheric Environment 2003, 37:4861-4867.
48. Yang H.H., Chien S.M., Cheng M.T., Peng C.Y. Comparative study of regulated and unregulated air pollutant emissions before and after conversion of automobiles from gasoline power to liquefied petroleum gas/gasoline dual-fuel retrofits. Environmental Science and Technology 2007, 41:8471-8476.