Current management of hepatocellular cancer

Current Oncology Reports

Volumn 12, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 186-192

  Rampone, Bernardino ^a,b   Schiavone, Beniamino ^a   Confuorto, Giuseppe ^a  

^a Pineta Grande Hospital   (Italy)

^b NONE   (Italy)

Author keywords

Hepatocellular carcinoma; Liver orthotopic transplantation; Locoregional procedures; Management; Surgery

Indexed keywords

INTERFERON; INTERLEUKIN 2; OCTREOTIDE; SORAFENIB; TAMOXIFEN;

CANCER RISK; CANCER STAGING; CHEMOEMBOLIZATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DRUG EFFICACY; HUMAN; LIVER CELL CARCINOMA; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER RESECTION; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; REVIEW; TUMOR ABLATION;

EID: 77952241673     PISSN: 15233790     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11912-010-0094-3     Document Type: Review

References (50)

1. DM Parkin F Bray J Ferlay P Pisani 2001 Estimating the world cancer burden: Globocan 2000 Int J Cancer 94 153 156 10.1002/ijc.1440 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXntVGlu78%3D 11668491 (Pubitemid 32911406)
2. AS Befeler AM Di Bisceglie 2002 Hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnosis and treatment Gastroenterology 122 1609 1619 10.1053/gast.2002.33411 12016426
3. CJ Liu JH Kao 2007 Hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology and pathogenic role of viral factors J Chin Med Assoc 70 141 145 10.1016/S1726-4901(09)70346-6 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXmsFamurs%3D 17475593 This is an interesting review on epidemiology and the pathogenic role of viral factors in hepatocarcinogenesis
4. TL Fong GC Kanel A Conrad, et al. 1994 Clinical significance of concomitant hepatitis C infection in patients with alcoholic liver disease Hepatology 19 554 557 10.1002/hep.1840190303 1:STN:280:DyaK2c7msVKgtg%3D%3D 7509769 (Pubitemid 24066882)
5. L Ming SS Thorgeirsson MH Gail, et al. 2002 Dominant role of hepatitis B virus and cofactor role of aflatoxin in hepatocarcinogenesis in Qidong, China Hepatology 36 1214 1220 10.1053/jhep.2002.36366 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XovFaktr8%3D 12395332 (Pubitemid 35253438)
6. MM Hassan LY Hwang CJ Hatten, et al. 2002 Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma: synergism of alcohol with viral hepatitis and diabetes mellitus Hepatology 36 1206 1213 10.1053/jhep.2002.36780 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XovFaktr4%3D 12395331 (Pubitemid 35253437)
7. K Ohata K Hamasaki K Toriyama, et al. 2003 Hepatic steatosis is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection Cancer 97 3036 3043 10.1002/cncr.11427 12784339 (Pubitemid 36676258)
8. JA Davila RO Morgan Y Shaib, et al. 2005 Diabetes has been found to increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States: a population based case control study Gut 54 533 539 10.1136/gut.2004.052167 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2M7it1Chug%3D%3D 15753540 (Pubitemid 40403031)
9. MC Kew 1986 The development of hepatocellular cancer in humans Cancer Surv 5 719 739 1:STN:280:DyaL2szgtFCrtA%3D%3D 3040242
10. AM Di Bisceglie 1995 Hepatitis C and hepatocellular carcinoma Semin Liver Dis 15 64 69 10.1055/s-2007-1007263 7597445
11. HB El-Serag 2002 Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis C in the United States Hepatology 36 S74 S83 10.1002/hep.1840360710 12407579
12. RP Beasley 1988 Hepatitis B virus. The major etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma Cancer 61 1942 1956 10.1002/1097-0142(19880515)61:10<1942::AID- CNCR2820611003>3.0.CO;2-J 1:STN:280:DyaL1c7psVantg%3D%3D 2834034
13. HB El-Serag AC Mason 1999 Rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States N Engl J Med 340 745 750 10.1056/NEJM199903113401001 1:STN:280:DyaK1M7ls1ensg%3D%3D 10072408 (Pubitemid 29114292)
14. J Allen A Venook 2004 Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemic and treatment Curr Oncol Rep 6 177 183 10.1007/s11912-004-0047-9 15066228 (Pubitemid 39359484)
15. Y Tanaka K Hanada M Mizokami, et al. 2002 Inaugural article: A comparison of the molecular clock of hepatitis C virus in the United States and Japan predicts that hepatocellular carcinoma incidence in the United States will increase over the next two decades Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99 15584 15589 10.1073/pnas.242608099 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjvVyl 12438687 (Pubitemid 35403976)
16. JM Llovet A Burroughs J Bruix 2003 Hepatocellular carcinoma Lancet 362 1907 1917 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14964-1 14667750 This is a positive paper on management of HCC (Pubitemid 37518510)
17. M Makuuchi K Sano 2004 The surgical approach to HCC: our progress and results in Japan Liver Transpl 10 46 52 10.1002/lt.20044 (Pubitemid 38240100)
18. J Bruix M Sherman 2005 Management of hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatology 42 1208 1236 10.1002/hep.20933 16250051 (Pubitemid 43112690)
19. V Mazzaferro E Regalia R Doci, et al. 1996 Liver transplantation for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinomas in patients with cirrhosis N Engl J Med 334 693 699 10.1056/NEJM199603143341104 1:STN:280:DyaK287nsFWltw%3D%3D 8594428 This study introduced the Milan criteria and showed that liver transplantation is an effective treatment for small, unresectable HCC in patients with cirrhosis (Pubitemid 26079803)
20. JM Llovet AM Di Bisceglie J Bruix, et al. 2008 Design and endpoints of clinical trials in hepatocellular carcinoma. Panel of Experts in HCC-Design Clinical Trials J Natl Cancer Inst 100 698 711 10.1093/jnci/djn134 18477802
21. J Bruix M Sherman JM Llovet, et al. 2001 EASL Panel of Experts on HCC. Clinical management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000 EASL conference. European Association for the Study of the Liver J Hepatol 35 421 430 10.1016/S0168-8278(01)00130-1 1:STN:280: DC%2BD3MrksFCmtg%3D%3D 11592607 (Pubitemid 32844200)
22. JA Marrerro RJ Fontana A Barrat 2005 Prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of 7 staging system in an American cohort Hepatology 41 707 716 10.1002/hep.20636 (Pubitemid 40462931)
23. U Cillo A Vitale F Grigoletto 2006 Prospective validation of the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging system J Hepatol 44 723 731 10.1016/j.jhep.2005.12.015 16488051
24. JM Llovet S Ricci V Mazzaferro, et al. 2008 SHARP Investigators Study Group: Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma N Engl J Med 359 378 390 10.1056/NEJMoa0708857 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXovFWjsL8%3D 18650514 This article shows that sorafenib improves overall survival for patients with advanced HCC
25. JM Llovet J Bruix 2008 Molecular targeted therapies in hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatology 48 1312 1327 10.1002/hep.22506 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXht1Khu7zP 18821591
26. G Marin-Hargreaves D Azoulay H Bismuth 2003 Hepatocellular carcinoma: surgical indications and results Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 47 13 27 10.1016/S1040-8428(02)00213-5 12853096 (Pubitemid 36802322)
27. L De Carlis A Giacomoni V Pirotta, et al. 2003 Surgical treatment of hepatocellular cancer in the era of hepatic transplantation J Am Coll Surg 196 887 897 10.1016/S1072-7515(03)00140-6 12788425 (Pubitemid 36676550)
28. JN Vauthey A Chaoui KA Do, et al. 2000 Standardized measurement of the future liver remnant prior to extended liver resection: methodology and clinical associations Surgery 127 512 519 10.1067/msy.2000.105294 1:STN:280: DC%2BD3c3nvFSgsw%3D%3D 10819059 (Pubitemid 30257509)
29. O Farges J Belghiti R Kianmanesh, et al. 2003 Portal vein embolization before right hepatectomy: prospective clinical trial Ann Surg 237 208 217 10.1097/00000658-200302000-00010 12560779 (Pubitemid 38173248)
30. KJ Oldhafer H Lang M Malago, et al. 2001 Ex situ resection and resection of the in situ perfused liver: are there still indications? Chirurg 72 131 137 10.1007/s001040051280 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3hsFyrtw%3D%3D 11253671 (Pubitemid 33681897)
31. Ringe B, Weimann A, Tusch G, Pichlmayr R: Resection versus transplantation for malignancy of liver and bile duct. In Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer. Edited by Wanebo HJ. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1997:513-524.
32. H Bismuth L Chiche R Adam, et al. 1993 Liver resection versus transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic patients Ann Surg 218 145 151 10.1097/00000658-199308000-00005 1:STN:280:DyaK3szktlKrsw%3D%3D 8393649 (Pubitemid 23229140)
33. ON Ojogho SK So EB Keeffe, et al. 1996 Orthotopic liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma. Factors affecting long-term patient survival Arch Surg 131 935 939 1:STN:280:DyaK28zot1eitg%3D%3D 8790178 discussion 939-941
34. EP Molmenti GB Klintmalm 2002 Liver transplantation in association with hepatocellular carcinoma: an update of the International Tumor Registry Liver Transpl 8 736 748 10.1053/jlts.2002.34879 12200772 (Pubitemid 35012281)
35. A Plessier L Codes Y Consigny, et al. 2004 Underestimation of the influence of satellite nodules as a risk factor for post-transplantation recurrence in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma Liver Transpl 10 S86 S90 10.1002/lt.20039 14762846
36. TM Pawlik KA Delman JN Vauthey, et al. 2005 Tumor size predicts vascular invasion and histologic grade: Implications for selection of surgical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma Liver Transpl 11 1086 1092 10.1002/lt.20472 16123959 (Pubitemid 41341758)
37. S Jonas WO Bechstein T Steinmuller, et al. 2001 Vascular invasion and histopathologic grading determine outcome after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis Hepatology 5 1080 1086 10.1053/jhep.2001.23561 (Pubitemid 32378206)
38. J Bruix J Fuster JM Llovet 2003 Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: Foucault pendulum versus evidence-based decision Liver Transpl 7 700 702 10.1053/jlts.2003.50124 (Pubitemid 36874457)
39. FY Yao NM Bass B Nikolai, et al. 2002 Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis of survival according to the intention-to-treat principle and dropout from the waiting list Liver Transpl 8 873 883 10.1053/jlts.2002.34923 12360427 (Pubitemid 35154015)
40. FY Yao L Xiao NM Bass, et al. 2007 Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: validation of the UCSF-expanded criteria based on preoperative imaging Am J Transplant 7 2587 2596 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01965. x 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2sngsVSjuw%3D%3D 17868066 (Pubitemid 47561609)
41. V Mazzaferro JM Llovet R Miceli, et al. 2009 Metroticket Investigator Study Group: Predicting survival after liver transplantation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma beyond the Milan criteria: a retrospective, exploratory analysis Lancet Oncol 10 35 43 10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70284-5 19058754 This study showed that more patients with HCC could be candidates for transplantation if the current dual (yes/no) approach to candidacy, based on the strict Milan criteria, was replaced with a more precise estimation of survival contouring individual tumor characteristics and use of the up-to-seven criteria
42. FP Sarasin E Giostra G Mentha A Hadengue 1998 Partial hepatectomy or orthotopic liver transplantation for the treatment of resectable hepatocellular carcinoma? A cost-effectiveness perspective Hepatology 28 436 442 10.1002/hep.510280222 1:STN:280:DyaK1czlvFWrsg%3D%3D 9696009 (Pubitemid 28363671)
43. S Saab V Wang AB Ibrahim, et al. 2003 MELD score predict 1-years patient survival post-orthotopic liver transplantation Liver Transpl 9 473 476 10.1053/jlts.2003.50090 12740789 (Pubitemid 36621715)
44. FY Yao NM Bass NL Ascher JP Roberts 2004 Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: Lesson from the first year under the Model of End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) organ allocation policy Liver Transpl 10 621 630 10.1002/lt.20159 15108253 (Pubitemid 38628222)
45. M Ryu Y Shimamura T Kinoshita, et al. 1997 Therapeutic results of resection, transcatheter arterial embolization and percutaneous transhepatic ethanol injection in 3225 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective multicenter study Jpn J Clin Oncol 27 251 257 10.1093/jjco/27.4. 251 1:STN:280:DyaK1c%2FitFKmsA%3D%3D 9379514 (Pubitemid 127516775)
46. T Livraghi L Solbiati MF Meloni, et al. 2003 Treatment of focal liver tumors with percutaneous radio-frequency ablation: complications encountered in a multicenter study Radiology 226 441 451 10.1148/radiol.2262012198 12563138 (Pubitemid 36313433)
47. RT Poon ST Fan FH Tsang J Wong 2002 Locoregional therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma: a critical review from the surgeon's perspective Ann Surg 235 466 486 10.1097/00000658-200204000-00004 11923602 This article details how recent advances in locoregional therapies have led to a major breakthrough in the management of HCC (Pubitemid 34258345)
48. EJ Van Kleek JM Schwartz SC Rayhill, et al. 2006 Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a survey of practices J Clin Gastroenterol 40 643 647 10.1097/00004836-200608000-00018 16917411 (Pubitemid 44259775)
49. DC Broering C Wilms P Bok, et al. 2004 Evolution of donor morbidity in living related liver transplantation: a single-center analysis of 165 cases Ann Surg 240 1013 1024 10.1097/01.sla.0000146146.97485.6c 15570207 discussion 1024-1026 (Pubitemid 39602129)
50. JF Trotter M Wachs GT Everson I Kam 2002 Adult-to-adult transplantation of the right hepatic lobe from a living donor N Engl J Med 346 1074 1082 10.1056/NEJMra011629 11932476 LDLT has rapidly emerged as an accepted treatment option for selected patients with end-stage liver disease (Pubitemid 34984623)