Google books as a general research collection

Library Resources and Technical Services

Volumn 54, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 77-89

  Jones, Edgar ^a  

^a NATIONAL UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77951758453     PISSN: 00242527     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5860/lrts.54n2.77     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Google, "Google Checks Out Library Books," press release, Dec. 14, 2004, www.google.com/press/pressrel/print-library.html (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
2. For an example, see the agreement between the University of Michigan and Google, "Cooperative Agreement" (n.d.), www.lib.umich.edu/mdp/um- google-cooperative-agreement. pdf (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
3. Karen Coyle, "Google Books as Library," online posting, Nov. 22, 2008, Coyle's InFormation, http//kcoyle.blogspot .com/2008-11-01-archive. html (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
4. See, for example, Committee on Institutional Cooperation and Google, "Cooperative Agreement" (n.d.), www.cic.net/Home/Projects/Library/ BookSearch/CIC-Google.aspx (accessed Sept. 18, 2009), which commits to digitizing "not less than 10,000,000 volumes" (2); University of California and Google, "Cooperative Agreement" (n.d.), www.cdlib.org/news/ucgoogle-cooperative-agreement.pdf (accessed Sept. 18, 2009), which commits to digitizing "no less than two and a half million (2,500,000) volumes" (2); University of Texas at Austin and Google, "Cooperative Agreement" (n.d.), www.lib.utexas.edu/sites/default/ files/google/utexas-google-agreement.pdf (accessed Sept. 18, 2009); and University of Virginia and Google, "Cooperative Agreement" (n.d.), www2.lib.virginia.edu/press/uvagoogle/pdf/Google-UVA. pdf (accessed Sept. 18, 2009). The agreements typically include previously digitized content, according to Europeana, About Us: Background, www.europeana.eu/portal/aboutus. html#background (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
5. Miguel Helft, "Microsoft Will Shut Down Book Search Program," New York Times, Technology section, May 24, 2008, www.nytimes.com/2008/05/24/ technology/24soft.html (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
6. Google, "Google Checks Out Library Books," press release, Dec. 14, 2004, www.google.com/press/pressrel/print-library.html (accessed Sept. 18, 2009);
7. Google, Corporate Information: Company Overview, www.google.com/intl/en/ corporate (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
8. Michael A. Keller, University Librarian, Stanford University, quoted on Google Book Search Library Partners, htrp//books .google.com/googlebooks/ partners.html (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
9. The University of Michigan's workflow is illustrated in a flow chart, "Michigan Digitization Project Workflow," www.lib.umich.edu/files/ services/mdp/MDPflowchart-v3.pdf (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
10. International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions, Section on Acquisition and Collection Development, "Guidelines for a Collection Development Policy Using the Conspectus Model," (2001), http://archive.ifla.org/Viys14/nd1/gcdp-e.pdf (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
11. The items are IC-3, "The printed library materials I need for my work," IC-4, "The electronic information resources I need," and IC-8, "The print and/or electronic journal collections I require for my work." On the 2008 survey, the gap on IC-3 slipped back into the positive territory it had occupied in 2002, but the importance of this is difficult to determine. Standard deviations on these items are large-typically between 1.9 and 2.2-making detecting and measuring trends difficult. The ARL LibQual+ notebooks for 2002 to the present can be examined at www.libqual.org/ Publications/all.cfm?PubType=11 (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
12. Walt Crawford, "Libraries and Google/Google Book Search: No Competition!" online posting, June 21, 2006, Google Librarian Central, www.google.com/librariancenter/articles/0606-03.html (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
13. Thomas E. Nisonger's Collection Evaluation in Academic Libraries (Englewood, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, 1992) contains annotated bibliographies on overlap in general and in the context of the Research Libraries Group Conspectus.
14. Brian Lavoie, Lynn Silipigni Connaway, and Lorcan Dempsey, "Anatomy of Aggregate Collections: The Example of Google Print for Libraries," D-Lib Magazine 11, no.9 (Sept. 2005), doi:10.1045/september2005-lavoie, www.dlib.org/dlib/september05/lavoie/091avoie.html (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
15. Brian F. Lavoie and Roger C. Schonfeld, "Books without Boundaries: A Brief Tour of the System-wide Print Book Collection," Ubiquity 7, no.37 (Sept/Oct. 2006), doi:10.1145/1167867.1167868, www.acm.org/ubiquity/views/ v7i37-books.html (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
16. University of Michigan and Google, "Cooperative Agreement."
17. Coyle, "Google Books as Libraries."
18. Lavoie, Connaway, and Dempsey, "Anatomy of Aggregate Collections."
19. British Library, Help for Library Researchers, English Short Title Catalogue-Introduction, www.bl.uk/reshelp/find helprestype/catblhold/estcintro/ estcintro.html (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
20. Eltjo Buringh and Jan Luiten van Zanden, "Charting the 'Rise of the West': Manuscripts and Printed Books in Europe, a Long-Term Perspective from the Sixth through Eighteenth Centuries," The Journal of Economic History 69, no.2 (June 2009): 409-45, doi:10.1017/S0022050709000837, http://dx.doi.org/10. 1017/S0022050709000837 (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
21. Lavoie and Schonfeld, "Books without Boundaries."
22. Robert B. Townsend, "Google Books: What's Not to Like?' onlineposting, April 30, 2007,AHA Today, http://blog.historians .org/articles/204/google-books-whats-not-to-like (accessed Sept. 18, 2009);
23. Ronald G. Musto, "Google Books Mutilates the Printed Past," The Chronicle of Higher Education 55 (June 12, 2009): B4, http://chronicle.com/ article/Google-Books-Mutilates-the/44463 (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
24. Karen Coyle, "Mass Digitization of Books," Journal of Academic Librarianship 32, no.6 (Nov. 2006): 641-45, httpy/dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib. 2006.08.002 (accessed Feb. 9, 2010).
25. Public Libraries in the United States of America (Washington: GPO, 1876): 1:760, www.archive.org/details/publiclibraries i00unitrich (accessed Sept. 18, 2009). The term public libraries is used very broadly in the nineteenth century, including both academic and private research libraries. Curiously, part 1 of this work is not present in Google Books aside from the chapter on theological libraries digitized from the AndoverHarvard Theological Library. A copy identifying itself as part 1 of a University of Michigan copy in Google Books is, in fact, a digitization of part 2.
26. Charles C. Jewett, Notices of Public Libraries in the United States of America (Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1851): 192, http//books.google.com/books?id=paMnAAAAMAAJ (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
27. Jewett, Notices of Public Libraries, 762-773
28. Catalogue of the Library of the Boston Athenæum, 1807-1871 (Boston: The Athenseum, 1874-1882).
29. Prospectus quoted in Josiah Quincy, The History of the Boston Athenæum (Cambridge, Mass.: Metcalf and Co., 1851): 12,http://books. google.com/booksPid-RHHRoEiGRdgC (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
30. Jewett, Notices of Public Libraries, 22.
31. Edward Edwards, Memoirs of Libraries (London: Trübner & Co., 1859): 2:194. http://books.google.com/books?id=TH4NAAAAQAAJ (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
32. James Lyman Whitney, "Considerations as to a Printed Catalog in Book Form for the Boston Public Library," The Library Journal 24 (July 1899): 10, http://books.google.com/books?id=ggcCAAAAYAAJ (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
33. Catalogue of the Library of the Boston Athenæum, 1807-1871.
34. Anthony Panizzi, "Rules for the Compilation of the Catalogue," Catalogue of Printed Books in the British Museum, (London, 1841): 1:[v]-ix;
35. Charles Ammi Cutter, "Explanations," Catalogue of the Library of the Boston Athenæum, 1807-1871 (Boston: The Athenœum, 1874-1882): l:page following title page, http://books.google.com/books?id=Zbjcm50GlsIC (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
36. IFLA Study Group on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records: Final Report, UBCIM PublicationsNew Series, vol.19 (Munich: K. G. Saur, 1998): 17-25, www .ifla.org/files/cataloguing/frbr/frbr.pdf (accessed Mar. 2, 2010).
37. Ibid, Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records: Final Report, UBCIM PublicationsNew Series 74
38. Assocation of Research Libraries, ARL Library Data Tables 2007-2008, worksheet "colli," www .arl.org/bmdoc/08tables.xls (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
39. IFLA Study Group, Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records, 74.
40. Charles Evans, American Bibliography: A Chronological Dictionary of All Books, Pamphlets, and Periodical Publications Printed in the United States Of America from the Genesis of Printing in 1639 Down to and Including the Year 1820 (New York: P. Smith, 1941-67); Early American Imprints, Series I: Evans, 1639-1800, www.readex.com/readex/product.cfm?product=247 (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
41. A Z-test is a statistical test used to calculate the probability that a given sample result lies within the range of results that one would expect if the only effect present was the operation of chance. A results outside this range suggests that something other than the operation of chance is contributing to that result.
42. UNESCO, Revised Recommendation Concerning the International Standardization of Statistics on the Production and Distribution of Books, Newspapers and Periodicals (Nov. 1, 1985), http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php- URL-ID=13146&URL-DO=DO-TOPIC&URL-SECTION=201 .html (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
43. Thomas Mann, The Oxford Guide to Library Research (New York: Oxford Univ. Pr., 1998): 185-187
44. For example, the original agreement with the University of Michigan explicitly excluded special collections materials. "Cooperative Agreement" (n.d.) 1.1, www.lib.umich.edu/mdp/um-google-cooperative- agreement.pdf (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
45. Brian Lavoie, "Anatomy of Aggregate Collections: Exploring Mass Digitization and the 'Collective Collection,'" PowerPoint presentation, NELINET, Sept. 21, 2006, www.oclc.org/research/presentations/lavoie/nelinet2006. ppt (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
46. Joel Garreau, "Tongue in Check: With Translation Technology on Their Side, Humans Can Finally Lick the Language Barrier," Washington Post, Style section, May 24, 2009, www .washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/ 2009/05/21/AR2009052104697.html (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
47. David Nicholas et al., "UK Scholarly E-Book Usage: A Landmark Survey," Aslib Proceedings 60, no.4 (2008): 311-334
48. See, for example, the HathiTrust instructions at http://babel.hathitrust. org/cgi/mb?a=page;page=help (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
49. Reports of this problem to date have been anecdotal. See, for example, Robert B. Townsend, "Google Books: Is It Good for History?' Perspectives Online 45, no. 6 (Sept. 2007), www. historians.org/perspectivesAssues/2007/0709/ 0709viel.cfm (accessed Sept. 18, 2009); Musto, "Google Books Mutilates the Printed Past."
50. See, for example, Faisal Shafait et al., "Background Variability Modeling for Statistical Layout Analysis," Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, December 8-11, 2008, Tampa, Florida, USA, (2008) IEEE Computer Society, 2008, doi:10.1109/ICPR.2008.4760964, http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICPR.2008.4760964 (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
51. Geoffrey Nunberg, "Google's Book Search: A Disaster for Scholars," Chronicle of Higher Education 56, no.1 (Aug. 31, 2009): B4, http://chronicle.com/article/Googles-Book-Search-A/48245 (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
52. Jonathan Band, "A Guide for the Perplexed: Libraries and the Google Library Project Settlement" (Nov. 13, 2008), http://wo.ala.org/gbs/wp- content/uploads/2008/12/a-guide-for-the -perplexed.pdf (accessed Sept. 18, 2009);
53. Jonathan Band, "A Guide for the Perplexed Part II: The Amended Google-Michigan Agreement" (June 12, 2009), http://wo.ala.org/gbs/wp- content/uploads/2009/06/google-michigan-amended.pdf (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
54. William F. Cavanaugh, Deputy Assistant Attorney General, letter to Hon. Denny Chin, July 2, 2009, http://graphics8. nytimes.com/packages/pdf/technology/ 20090702-GOOGLE-DOJLetter.pdf (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
55. Robert Darnton, "Google and the Future of Books," The New York Review of Books 56, no.2 (Feb. 12, 2009), www.nybooks.com/articles/22281 (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).
56. A subsequent response to Darnton is Paul N. Courant et al., "Google and Books: An Exchange," The New York Review of Books 56, no. 5 (Mar. 26, 2009), www.nybooks.com/articles/22496 (accessed Sept. 18, 2009).