Using apolipoprotein B to manage dyslipidemic patients: Time for a change?

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

Volumn 85, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 440-445

  Harper, Charles R ^a   Jacobson, Terry A ^a  

^a EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENT; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; APOLIPOPROTEIN B; ATORVASTATIN; EZETIMIBE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MEVINOLIN; PLACEBO; PRAVASTATIN; ROSUVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; CLINICAL TRIAL; CORONARY ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETIC PATIENT; DIAGNOSTIC TEST; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG SAFETY; DYSLIPIDEMIA; EPIDEMIOLOGICAL DATA; ETHNIC GROUP; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; HEART DISEASE; HEART MUSCLE METABOLISM; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; INSULIN RESISTANCE; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; MORTALITY; NOTE; OBESITY; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RECURRENT DISEASE; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTOR; RISK REDUCTION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL;

EID: 77951719670     PISSN: 00256196     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4065/mcp.2009.0517     Document Type: Note

References (32)

1. Grundy SM, Cleeman JL, Mercz CN, et al; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American College of Cardiology Foundation; American Heart Association. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Guidelines [published correction appears in Circulation. 2004;110(6):763]. Circulation. 2004; 110(2):227-239.
2. Genest J, McPherson R, Frohlich J, et al. 2009 Canadian Cardiovascular Society/Canadian guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia and prevention of cardiovascular disease in the adult-2009 recommendations. Can J Cardiol. 2009;25(10):567-579. (Pubitemid 44596492)
3. Mudd JO, Borlaug BA, Johnston PV, et al. Beyond low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: defining the role of low-density lipoprotein heterogeneity in coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50(18):1735-1741.
4. Blaha MJ, Blumenthal RS, Brinton EA, Jacobson TA; National Lipid Association Taskforce on Non-HDL Cholesterol. The importance of non-HDL cholesterol reporting in lipid management. J Clin Lipidol. 2008;2(4):267-273.
5. Austin MA, Hokanson JE, Edwards KL. Hypertriglyceridemia as a cardiovascular risk factor. Am J Cardiol. 1998;81(4A):7B-12B.
6. Hokanson JE, Austin MA. Plasma triglyceride level is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease independent of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level: a meta-analysis of population-based prospective studies. J Cardiovasc Risk. 1996;3(2):213-219.
7. Sachdeva A, Cannon CP, Deedwania PC, et al. Lipid levels in patients hospitalized with coronary artery disease: an analysis of 136,905 hospitalizations in Get with the Guidelines. Am Heart J.2009;157(1):111-117.
8. Libby P. The forgotten majority: unfinished business in cardiovascular risk reduction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46(7):1225-1228. (Pubitemid 41615541)
9. Barter PJ, Ballantyne CM, Carmena R, et al. Apo B versus cholesterol in estimating cardiovascular risk and in guiding therapy: report of the thirty-person/ ten-country panel. J Intern Med. 2006;259(3):247-258.
10. Chapman MJ, Laplaud PM, Luc G, et al. Further resolution of the low density lipoprotein spectrum in normal human plasma: physicochemical characteristics of discrete subspecies separated by density gradient ultracentrifugation. J Lipid Res. 1988;29(4):442-458.
11. Berneis KK, Krauss RM. Metabolic origins and clinical significance of LDL heterogeneity. J Lipid Res. 2002;43(9):1363-1379.
12. Otvos JD, Jeyarajah EJ, Cromwell WC. Measurement issues related to lipoprotein heterogeneity. Am J Cardiol. 2002;90(8A):22i-29i.
13. Brunzell JD, Davidson M, Furberg CD, et al. Lipoprotein management in patients with cardiometabolic risk: consensus conference report from the American Diabetes Association and the American College of Cardiology Foundation. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51(15):1512-1524. (Pubitemid 351470037)
14. Cui Y, Blumenthal RS, Flaws JA, et al. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level as a predictor of cardiovascular disease mortality. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161(11):1413-1419. (Pubitemid 32681162)
15. Frost PH, Havel RJ. Rationale for use of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol rather than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as a tool for lipoprotein cholesterol screening and assessment of risk and therapy. Am J Cardiol. 1998;81(4A):26B-31B.
16. Walldius G, Jungner I, Holme I, Aastveit AH, Kolar W, Steiner E. High apolipoprotein B, low apolipoprotein A-I, and improvement in the prediction of fatal myocardial infarction (AMORIS study): a prospective study. Lancet. 2001;358(9298):2026-2033. (Pubitemid 34084825)
17. McQueen MJ, Hawken S, Wang X, et al. Lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins as risk markers of myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): a case-control study. Lancet. 2008;372(9634):224-233. (Pubitemid 351978112)
18. Hsia SH, Pan D, Berookim P, Lee ML. A population-based, cross-sectional comparison of lipid-related indexes for symptoms of atherosclerotic disease. Am J Cardiol. 2006;98(8):1047-1052. (Pubitemid 44486141)
19. Holme I, Cater NB, Faergeman O, et al. Lipoprotein predictors of cardiovascular events in statin-treated patients with coronary heart disease: insights from the incremental decrease in end-points through aggressive lipid-lowering trial (IDEAL). Ann Med. 2008;40(6):456-464.
20. Simes RJ, Marschner IC, Hunt D, et al. Relationship between lipid levels and clinical outcomes in the Long-term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischemic Disease (LIPID) Trial: to what extent is the reduction in coronary events with pravastatin explained by on-study lipid levels? Circulation. 2002;105(10):1162-1169. (Pubitemid 34225815)
21. Chien KL, Hsu HC, Su TC, Chen MF, Lee YT, Hu FB. Apolipoprotein B and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol and the risk of coronary heart disease in Chinese. J Lipid Res. 2007;48(11):2499-2505. (Pubitemid 350058761)
22. Gotto AM Jr, Whitney E, Stein EA, et al. Relation between baseline and on-treatment lipid parameters and first acute major coronary events in the Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (AFCAPS/Tex-CAPS). Circulation. 2000;101(5):477-484. (Pubitemid 30080860)
23. Bruno G, Merletti F, Biggeri A, et al. Effect of age on the association of non-high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B with cardiovascular mortality in a Mediterranean population with type 2 diabetes: the Casale Monferrato study. Diabetologia. 2006;49(5):937-944.
24. van Lennep JE, Westerveld HT, van Lennep HW, Zwinderman AH, Erkelens DW, van der Wall EE. Apolipoprotein concentrations during treatment and recurrent coronary artery disease events. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000;20(11):2408-2413.
25. Pischon T, Girman CJ, Sacks FM, Rifai N, Stampfer MJ, Rimm EB. Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B in the prediction of coronary heart disease in men. Circulation. 2005;112(22):3375-3383. (Pubitemid 43739551)
26. Kastelein JJP, van der Steeg WA, Holme I, et al. Lipids, apolipoproteins, and their ratios in relation to cardiovascular events with statin treatment. Circulation. 2008;117(23):3002-3009.
27. Ballantyne CM, Bertolami M, Hernandez Garcia HR, et al. Achieving LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B target levels in high-risk patients: Measuring Effective Reductions in Cholesterol Using Rosuvastatin therapY (MERCURY) II. Am Heart J. 2006;151(5):975.e1-975.e9. (Pubitemid 44389452)
28. Sniderman AD. Differential response of cholesterol and particle measures of atherogenic lipoproteins to LDL-lowering therapy: implications for clinical practice. J Clin Lipidol. 2008;2(1):36-42.
29. Ray KK, Cannon CP, Cairns R, Morrow DA, Ridker PM, Braunwald E. Prognostic utility of apoB/AI, total cholesterol/HDL, non-HDL cholesterol, or hs-CRP as predictors of clinical risk in patients receiving statin therapy after acute coronary syndromes: results from PROVE IT-TIMI 22. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009;29(3):424-430.
30. Charlton-Menys V, Betteridge DJ, Colhoun H, et al. Targets of statin therapy: LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B in type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS). Clin Chem. 2009;55(3):473-480.
31. Contois JH, McConnell JP, Sethi AA, et al. Apolipoprotein B and cardiovascular disease risk: position statement from the AACC Lipoproteins and Vascular Diseases Division Working Group on Best Practices. Clin Chem. 2009;55(3):407-419.
32. Ballantyne CM, Weiss R, Moccetti T, et al. Efficacy and safety of rosuvastatin 40 mg alone or in combination with ezetimibe in patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease (results from the EXPLORER study). Am J Cardiol. 2007;99(5):673-680. (Pubitemid 46273307)