Manufacturing green gold: Industrial tree improvement and the power of heredity in the postwar United States

Industrializing Organisms: Introducing Evolutionary History

Volumn 5, Issue , 2003, Pages 107-139

  Boyd, William ^b   Prudham, Scott ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77951685448     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203488782     Document Type: Chapter

References (67)

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2. Scott S.Pauley, "The Scope of Forest Genetics," Journal of Forestry 52 (1954):644.
3. Bruce J.Zobel, "Forest Tree Improvement-Past and Present," in Advances in Forest Genetics, ed. P.K.Khosla (New Delhi: Ambika Publications, 1981), 13.
4. Aldo Leopold, "Some Thoughts on Forest Genetics," Journal of Forestry 27 (1929):710.
5. Leopold, "Forest Genetics," 710.
6. Lloyd Austin, "A New Enterprise in Forest Tree Breeding," Journal of Forestry 25 (1927):928.
7. S. E. McKeand and R. J. Weir, "Economic Benefits of an Aggressive Breeding Program," Proceedings of the 17th Southern Forest Tree Improvement Conference (1983):100.
8. Scott S.Pauley, "The Scope of Forest Genetics," Journal of Forestry 52 (1954):644.
9. See Wright, "Provenance," 103.
10. Philip C.Wakeley, "Importance of Geographic Strains," in Report of the First Southern Conference on Forest Tree Improvement, January 9-10, 1951 (Atlanta, 1951), 1-9.
11. Henry I.Baldwin, "Seed Certification and Forest Genetics," Journal of Forestry 52 (1954):654-655.
12. See Baldwin, "Seed Certification and Forest Genetics," 654.
13. Ernest Rohmeder, "Problems and Proposals for International Forest Tree Seed Certification," Proceedings of the Fifth World Forestry Conference, Vol. 2 (1960), 685-689.
14. Leo A. Isaac, "Problems and Proposals for International Certification of Tree Seed Origin and Stand Quality with Particular Reference to Western North American Species," Proceedings of the Fifth World Forestry Conference, Vol. 2 (1960), 690-695.
15. George B. Sudworth and A. D. Hopkins, "Report of the Committee on Breeding Nut and Other Forest Trees," American Breeders' Association III (Washington, D.C.: ABA, 1907)
16. Sudworth and Hopkins, "Committee on Breeding Nut and Other Forest Trees" (1907), 225.
17. "Report of the Committee on Breeding Forest and Nut Trees" (1908), 305.
18. "Report of the Committee on Breeding Forest and Nut Trees" (1908), 306.
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20. Schreiner, "Improvement," 1249-1250.
21. Ernst Schreiner, "Genetics in Relation to Forestry," Journal of Forestry 48 (1950):34.
22. Stone, "Institute of Forest Genetics," 24.
23. See Austin, "A New Enterprise".
24. Ryookiti Toda, "An Outline of the History of Forest Genetics," in Advances in Forest Genetics, ed. P.K.Khosla (New Delhi: Ambika Publications, 1981).
25. Palmer Stockwell and F. I. Righter, "Hybrid Forest Trees," Yearbook of Agriculture 1943-1947 (Washington, D.C.: USDA, 1947), 465
26. See Toda, "Outline of the History of Forest Genetics," 7.
27. Baldwin, "Seed Certification," 655.
28. J. W. Duffield, "The Importance of Species Hybridization and Polyploidy in Forest Tree Improvement," Journal of Forestry 52 (1954):645.
29. Wakeley, "Geographic Strains," 653.
30. Clemens M.Kaufman, "Extensive Application of Genetics by the Silviculturist," Journal of Forestry 52 (1954):647-648.
31. Zobel and Sprague, Forestry Revolution, 17-21.
32. Thomas O.Perry, "The Cooperative Genetics Program at the University of Florida," in Proceedings of the Third Southern Conference (1955).
33. Zobel, "Increasing Productivity," 17.
34. Zobel and Sprague, Forestry Revolution, 50-55.
35. T. T. Munger and W. G. Morris, Growth of Douglas-fir Trees of Known Seed Source (Washington, D.C.: USDA, 1936), 40.
36. M. A. Bordelon, "Genetic Improvement Opportunities," in Assessment of Oregon's Forests 1988, ed. G.J.Lettman (Salem, Oregon, Ore.: State Department of Forestry, 1988):231-239.
37. E. S. Pomeroy, The Pacific Slope: A History of California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Utah, and Nevada (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1991).
38. Demeritt, "Scientific Forest Conservation," 431-459.
39. David Harvey, The Limits to Capital (Oxford, B.Blackwell, 1982).
40. M. Williams, Americans and Their Forests: A Historical Geography. Cambridge, UK:Cambridge University Press, 1989.
41. W. D. Hagenstein, Growing 40,000 Homes a Year (Berkeley, Calif.: School of Forestry and Conservation, University of California, 1973).
42. C. S. Larsen, Genetics in Silviculture (London: Oliver, 1956).
43. Toda, "An Outline of the History of Forest Genetics," 4-12.
44. Hagenstein, Growing 40,000 Homes a Year.
45. R. R. Silen, A Simple Progressive Tree Improvement Program for Douglas-Fir (Portland, Ore., USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Range and Experiment Station, 1966).
46. M. A. Bordelon, "Genetic Improvement Opportunities," in Assessment of Oregon's Forests 1988, ed. G.J.Lettman (Salem, Ore.: Oregon State Department of Forestry, 1988), 231-239.
47. Bordelon, "Genetic Improvement Opportunities," 231-239.
48. See C. E. Twining, George S.Long, Timber Statesman (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1994).
49. A. Séguin, G. Lapointe, and P. J. Charest, "Transgenic trees," in Forest Products Biotechnolog, ed. A.Bruce and J.W.Palfreyman (Bristol, Penn.: Taylor and Francis, 1998), 287-304.
50. S. von Arnold, D. Clapham, U. Egertsdotter, I. Ekberg, H. Mo, and H. Yibrah, "Somatic Embryogenesis in Norway Spruce (Picea abies)," in Somatic Embryogenesis and Synthetic Seed I: Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry, ed. Y.P.S.Bajaj (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995), 415-430.
51. Séguin et al., "Transgenic Trees," 287-304.
52. Séguin et al., "Transgenic Trees," 287-304.
53. Haines, Biotechnology in Forest Tree Improvement.
54. Séguin et al., "Transgenic Trees," 287-304.
55. See M. Sagoff, "On Making Nature Safe for Biotechnology," in Assessing Ecological Risks of Biotechnology, ed. L.Ginsburg (Stoneham, Mass.: Butterworth-Heineman, 1991), 341-365.
56. S. R. Radosevich, C. M. Ghersa, and G. Comstock, "Concerns a Weed Scientist Might Have About Herbicide-Tolerant Crops," Weed Technology 6 (1992):635-639.
57. L. C. Duchesne, "Impact of Biotechnology on Forest Ecosystems," Forestry Chronicle 69, no. 3 (1993): 307-313.
58. Strauss et al., "Benefits and Risks," 12-19.
59. P. J. Regal, "Scientific Principles for Ecologically Based Risk Assessment of Transgenic Organisms," Molecular Ecology 3 (1994):5-13.
60. Strauss et al., "Genetic Engineering of Reproductive Sterility," 5-26.
61. Adams et al., "Pollen Contamination Trends," 131-134.
62. S. T. Freidman and G. S. Foster, "Forest Genetics on Federal Lands in the United States: Public Concerns and Policy Responses," Canadian Journal of Forest Resources 27 (1997):401-408.
63. Strauss et al., "Benefits and Risks," 12-19.
64. Radosevich et al., "Concerns," 635-639.
65. Carl Syrach Larsen, "Progress in Genetics and Tree Improvement," in Proceedings of the Fifth World Forestry Conference, Vol. 2 (Seattle, Wash.: World Forestry Congress, 1960), 680.
66. Scott, Seeing Like a State, passim.
67. For elaboration on this theme, see W. Boyd, S. Prudham, and R. Schurman, "Industrial Dynamics and the Problem of Nature," Society and Natural Resources 14 (2001):555-570.