Randomized GH trial with two different dosages in combination with a GnRH analogue in short small for gestational age children: Effects on metabolic profile and serum GH, IGF1, and IGFBP3 levels

European Journal of Endocrinology

Volumn 162, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 887-895

  Van Der Kaay, Daniëlle ^a,b   Bakker, Boudewijn ^c   Van Der Hulst, Flip ^d   Mul, Dick ^e   Mulder, Jaap ^f   Schroor, Eelco ^g   Van Elswijk, Denise ^a,b   Rowaan, Inge ^a,b   Willeboer, Merel ^a,b   De Ridder, Maria ^a,b   Hokken Koelega, Anita ^a,b  

^a ERASMUS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b Dutch Growth Research Foundation   (Netherlands)

^c Reinier de Graaf Guesthouse ^*  (Netherlands)

^d ZAANS MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^e JULIANA CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (Netherlands)

^f RIJNSTATE HOSPITAL   (Netherlands)

^g ISALA HOSPITAL   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FOLLITROPIN; GROWTH HORMONE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LEUPRORELIN; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LUTEINIZING HORMONE; SOMATOMEDIN BINDING PROTEIN 3; SOMATOMEDIN C; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ARTICLE; BEDTIME DOSAGE; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY MASS; CHILD; CHOLESTEROL BLOOD LEVEL; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG DOSE COMPARISON; FEMALE; FOLLITROPIN BLOOD LEVEL; GROWTH HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; LUTEINIZING HORMONE BLOOD LEVEL; MALE; PANCREAS ISLET BETA CELL; PRESCHOOL CHILD; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN BLOOD LEVEL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SCHOOL CHILD; SHORT STATURE; SMALL FOR DATE INFANT; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BLOOD LEVEL;

ADIPOSE TISSUE; ADOLESCENT; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY COMPOSITION; CHILD; FEMALE; GROWTH DISORDERS; HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; INFANT, SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE; INSULIN RESISTANCE; INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR BINDING PROTEINS; INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR I; LEUPROLIDE; MALE;

EID: 77951653934     PISSN: 08044643     EISSN: 1479683X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1530/EJE-09-1113     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Pasquino AM, Pucarelli I, Roggini M & Segni M. Adult height in short normal girls treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs and growth hormone. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2000 85 619-622.
2. van der Sluis IM, Boot AM, Krenning EP, Drop SL & de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM. Longitudinal follow-up of bone density and body composition in children with precocious or early puberty before, during and after cessation of GnRH agonist therapy. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2002 87 506-512.
3. Palmert MR, Mansfield MJ, Crowley WF Jr, Crigler JF Jr, Crawford JD & Boepple PA. Is obesity an outcome of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist administration? Analysis of growth and body composition in 110 patients with central precocious puberty. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1999 84 4480-4488.
4. Arrigo T, De Luca F, Antoniazzi F, Galluzzi F, Segni M, Rosano M, Messina MF & Lombardo F. Reduction of baseline body mass index under gonadotropin-suppressive therapy in girls with idiopathic precocious puberty. European Journal of Endocrinology 2004 150 533-537.
5. Ranke MB & Lindberg A. Growth hormone treatment of short children born small for gestational age or with Silver-Russell syndrome: results from KIGS (Kabi International Growth Study), including the first report on final height. Acta Paediatrica. Supplementum 1996 417 18-26.
6. Van Pareren Y, Mulder P, Houdijk M, Jansen M, Reeser M & Hokken-Koelega A. Adult height after long-term, continuous growth hormone (GH) treatment in short children born small for gestational age: results of a randomized, double-blind, dose-response GH trial. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2003 88 3584-3590. (Pubitemid 37034499)
7. Ong K, Beardsall K & de Zegher F. Growth hormone therapy in short children born small for gestational age. Early Human Development 2005 81 973-980. (Pubitemid 41608741)
8. Sas T, de Waal W, Mulder P, Houdijk M, Jansen M, Reeser M & Hokken-Koelega A. Growth hormone treatment in children with short stature born small for gestational age: 5-year results of a randomized, double-blind, dose-response trial. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1999 84 3064-3070.
9. de Zegher F, Ong K, van HelvoirtM, Mohn A,Woods K & Dunger D. High-dose growth hormone (GH) treatment in non-GH-deficient children born small for gestational age induces growth responses related to pretreatment GH secretion and associated with a reversible decrease in insulin sensitivity. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2002 87 148-151.
10. Sas T, Mulder P & Hokken-Koelega A. Body composition, blood pressure, and lipid metabolism before and during long-term growth hormone (GH) treatment in children with short stature born small for gestational age either with or without GH deficiency. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2000 85 3786-3792.
11. Willemsen RH, Arends NJ, Bakker-van Waarde WM, Jansen M, van Mil EG, Mulder J, Odink RJ, Reeser M, Rongen-Westerlaken C, Stokvis-Brantsma WH, Waelkens JJ & Hokken-Koelega AC. Longterm effects of growth hormone (GH) treatment on body composition and bone mineral density in short children born small-for-gestational-age: six-year follow-up of a randomized controlled GH trial. Clinical Endocrinology 2007 67 485-492.
12. Usher R & McLean F. Intrauterine growth of live-born Caucasian infants at sea level: standards obtained from measurements in 7 dimensions of infants born between 25 and 44 weeks of gestation. Journal of Pediatrics 1969 74 901-910.
13. Fredriks AM, van Buuren S, Burgmeijer RJ, Meulmeester JF, Beuker RJ, Brugman E, Roede MJ, Verloove-Vanhorick SP & Wit JM. Continuing positive secular growth change in The Netherlands 1955-1997. Pediatric Research 2000 47 316-323.
14. Tanner JM & Whitehouse RH. Clinical longitudinal standards for height, weight, height velocity, weight velocity, and stages of puberty. Archives of Disease in Childhood 1976 51 170-179.
15. Cavallo A & Zhou XH. LHRH test in the assessment of puberty in normal children. Hormone Research 1994 41 10-15.
16. van der Kaay DC, Rose SR, van Dijk M, Noordam C, van Rheenen E & Hokken-Koelega AC. Reduced levels of GH during GnRH analogue treatment in pubertal short girls born small for gestational age (SGA). Clinical Endocrinology 2009 70 914-919.
17. Rosner B, Prineas RJ, Loggie JM & Daniels SR. Blood pressure nomograms for children and adolescents, by height, sex, and age, in the United States. Journal of Pediatrics 1993 123 871-886.
18. Boot AM, Bouquet J, de Ridder MA, Krenning EP & de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM. Determinants of body composition measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Dutch children and adolescents. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 1997 66 232-238.
19. Cutfield WS, Bergman RN, Menon RK & Sperling MA. The modified minimal model: application to measurement of insulin sensitivity in children. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1990 70 1644-1650. (Pubitemid 120020220)
20. Boston RC, Stefanovski D, Moate PJ, Sumner AE, Watanabe RM & Bergman RN. MINMOD millennium: a computer program to calculate glucose effectiveness and insulin sensitivity from the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics 2003 5 1003-1015. (Pubitemid 38009940)
21. Levy JC, Matthews DR & Hermans MP. Correct homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) evaluation uses the computer program. Diabetes Care 1998 21 2191-2192.
22. Arends NJ, Boonstra VH, Duivenvoorden HJ, Hofman PL, Cutfield WS & Hokken-Koelega AC. Reduced insulin sensitivity and the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in short prepubertal children born small for gestational age (SGA). Clinical Endocrinology 2005 62 44-50.
23. Merriam GR & Wachter KW. Algorithms for the study of episodic hormone secretion. American Journal of Physiology 1982 243 E310-E318.
24. Hokken-Koelega AC, Hackeng WH, Stijnen T, Wit JM, de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM & Drop SL. Twenty-four-hour plasma growth hormone (GH) profiles, urinary GH excretion, and plasma insulin-like growth factor-I and -II levels in prepubertal children with chronic renal insufficiency and severe growth retardation. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1990 71 688-695. (Pubitemid 20286071)
25. van der Kaay DC, de Jong FH, Laven JS & Hokken-Koelega AC. Overnight luteinizing and follicle stimulating hormone profiles during GnRHa treatment in short girls born small for gestational age. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 2009 22 161-169.
26. van der Kaay DC, de Jong FH, Rose SR, Odink RJ, Bakker-van Waarde WM, Sulkers EJ & Hokken-Koelega AC. Overnight levels of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and growth hormone before and during gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue treatment in short boys born small for gestational age. Hormone Research 2009 71 260-267.
27. Boot AM, Engels MA, Boerma GJ, Krenning EP & de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM. Changes in bone mineral density, body composition, and lipid metabolism during growth hormone (GH) treatment in children with GH deficiency. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1997 82 2423-2428. (Pubitemid 27337850)
28. Mukherjee A, Murray RD & Shalet SM. Impact of growth hormone status on body composition and the skeleton. Hormone Research 2004 62 35-41.
29. Bhargava SK, Sachdev HS, Fall CH, Osmond C, Lakshmy R, Barker DJ, Biswas SK, Ramji S, Prabhakaran D & Reddy KS. Relation of serial changes in childhood body-mass index to impaired glucose tolerance in young adulthood. New England Journal of Medicine 2004 350 865-875. (Pubitemid 38252534)
30. Eriksson JG, Osmond C, Kajantie E, Forsen TJ & Barker DJ. Patterns of growth among children who later develop type 2 diabetes or its risk factors. Diabetologia 2006 49 2853-2858. (Pubitemid 44730287)
31. Leunissen RW, Kerkhof GF, Stijnen T & Hokken-Koelega A. Timing and tempo of first-year rapid growth in relation to cardiovascular and metabolic risk profile in early adulthood. Journal of the American Medical Association 2009 301 2234-2242.
32. Bao W, Threefoot SA, Srinivasan SR & Berenson GS. Essential hypertension predicted by tracking of elevated blood pressure from childhood to adulthood: the Bogalusa Heart Study. American Journal of Hypertension 1995 8 657-665.
33. Willemsen RH, van Dijk M, de Kort SW, van Toorenenbergen AW & Hokken-Koelega AC. Plasma matrixmetalloproteinase-9 levels and blood pressure in short children born small-for-gestationalage and effects of growth hormone treatment. Clinical Endocrinology 2008 69 264-268.
34. Moran A, Jacobs DR Jr, Steinberger J, Hong CP, Prineas R, Luepker R & Sinaiko AR. Insulin resistance during puberty: results from clamp studies in 357 children. Diabetes 1999 48 2039-2044. (Pubitemid 29458369)
35. Yuen KC & Dunger DB. Impact of treatment with recombinant human GH and IGF-I on visceral adipose tissue and glucose homeostasis in adults. Growth Hormone and IGF Research 2006 16 S55-S61.
36. Danesh J, Collins R & Peto R. Lipoprotein(a) and coronary heart disease. Meta-analysis of prospective studies. Circulation 2000 102 1082-1085.
37. Wilson PW. Assessing coronary heart disease risk with traditional and novel risk factors. Clinical Cardiology 2004 27 III7-III11.
38. van Dijk M, Mulder P, Houdijk M, Mulder J, Noordam K, Odink RJ, Rongen-Westerlaken C, Voorhoeve P, Waelkens J, Stokvis-Brantsma J & Hokken-Koelega A. High serum levels of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) during high-dose GH treatment in short children born small for gestational age. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2006 91 1390-1396.
39. Stanhope R, Pringle PJ & Brook CG. Growth, growth hormone and sex steroid secretion in girls with central precocious puberty treated with a GnRH analogue. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica 1988 77 525-530.
40. DiMartino-Nardi J, Wu R, Fishman K & Saenger P. The effect of long-acting analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone on growth hormone secretory dynamics in children with precocious puberty. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1991 73 902-906. (Pubitemid 21921956)
41. Saggese G, Federico G, Barsanti S & Fiore L. The effect of administering gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist with recombinant-human growth hormone (GH) on the final height of girls with isolated GH deficiency: results from a controlled study. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2001 86 1900-1904.
42. Delemarre-van de Waal HA, van Coeverden SC & Rotteveel J. Hormonal determinants of pubertal growth. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 2001 14 1521-1526.
43. Jorgensen JO, Flyvbjerg A, Lauritzen T, Alberti KG, Orskov H & Christiansen JS. Dose-response studies with biosynthetic human growth hormone (GH) in GH-deficient patients. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1988 67 36-40.
44. van Teunenbroek A, de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM, Stijnen T, Mouton JW, Blum WF, Mercado M, Baumann G & Drop SL. Effect of growth hormone administration frequency on 24-h growth hormone profiles and levels of other growth related parameters in girls with Turner's syndrome. DutchWorking Group on Growth Hormone. Clinical Endocrinology 1993 39 77-84.
45. Renehan AG, Zwahlen M, Minder C, O'Dwyer ST, Shalet SM & Egger M. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF binding protein-3, and cancer risk: systematic review and metaregression analysis. Lancet 2004 363 1346-1353.