A re-appraisal of the total biomass and annual production of Antarctic krill

Deep-Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers

Volumn 56, Issue 5, 2009, Pages 727-740

  Atkinson, A ^a   Siegel, V ^b   Pakhomov, E A ^c   Jessopp, M J ^a,e   Loeb, V ^d  

^a BRITISH ANTARCTIC SURVEY   (United Kingdom)

^b INSTITUT FÜR SEEFISCHEREI   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^d MOSS LANDING MARINE LABORATORIES   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY COLLEGE CORK   (Ireland)

Author keywords

Abundance; Antarctic krill; Biomass; Euphausia superba; Growth; Habitat; Mortality; Production; Range; Southern Ocean

Indexed keywords

ABUNDANCE; ANTARCTIC KRILL; EUPHAUSIA SUPERBA; HABITAT; MORTALITY; RANGE; SOUTHERN OCEAN;

BIOMASS; ESTIMATION; FISHERIES; GROWTH (MATERIALS); POPULATION STATISTICS; PRODUCTION;

ECOLOGY;

DECAPODA (CRUSTACEA); EUPHAUSIA SUPERBA; EUPHAUSIACEA;

EID: 77951497935     PISSN: 09670637     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2008.12.007     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Arrigo K.R., Thomas D.N. Large scale importance of sea ice biology in the Southern Ocean. Antarctic Science 2004, 16:471-486.
2. Atkinson A., Shreeve R.S., Hirst A.G., Rothery P., Tarling G.A., Pond D.W., Korb R.E., Murphy E.J., Watkins J.L. Natural growth rates of Antarctic krill (Euphusia superba): II. Predictive models based on food, temperature, body length, sex, and maturity stage. Limnology and Oceanography 2006, 51:973-987.
3. Atkinson A., Siegel V., Pakhomov E.A., Rothery P. Long-term decline in krill stock and increase in salps within the Southern Ocean. Nature 2004, 432:100-103.
4. Atkinson A., Siegel V., Pakhomov E.A., Rothery P., Loeb V., Ross R.M., Quetin L.B., Schmidt K., Fretwell P., Murphy E.J., Tarling G.A., Fleming A.H. Oceanic circumpolar habitats for Antarctic krill. Marine Ecology Progress Series 2008, 362:1-23.
5. Atkinson A., Whitehouse M.J., Priddle J., Cripps G.C., Ward P., Brandon M.A. South Georgia, Antarctica: a productive, cold water, pelagic ecosystem. Marine Ecology Progress Series 2001, 216:279-308.
6. Azzali M., Kalinowski J. Spatial and temporal distribution of Krill Euphausia superba biomass in the Ross Sea (1989-1990 and 1994). Ross Sea Ecology 2000, 433-455. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg. F.M. Faranda, L. Guglielmo, A. Ianora (Eds.).
7. Basson M., Beddington J.R. Preliminary analysis of growth and mortality rates of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) from length frequency samples. Antarctic Special Topic 1989, 51-55.
8. Bodungen B.v. Phytoplankton growth and krill grazing during spring in the Bransfield Strait, Antarctica-implications from sediment trap collections. Polar Biology 1986, 6:153-160.
9. Boyd, I.L., Croxall, J.P., 1996. Preliminary estimates of krill consumption by Antarctic fur seals and macaroni penguins at South Georgia. Document WG-EMM-95/96. CCAMLR, Hobart.
10. Brierley A.S., Demer D.A., Watkins J.L., Hewitt R.P. Concordance of interannual fluctuations in acoustically estimated densities of Antarctic krill around South Georgia and Elephant Island: biological evidence for same-year teleconnections across the Scotia Sea. Marine Biology 1999, 134:675-681.
11. Calbet A., Landry M.R. Phytoplankton growth, microzooplankton grazing, and carbon cycling in marine systems. Limnology and Oceanography 2004, 49:51-57.
12. Candy S.G., Kawaguchi S. Modelling growth of Antarctic krill. II. Novel approach to describing the growth trajectory. Marine Ecology Progress Series 2006, 306:17-30.
13. Clarke A., Quetin L.B., Ross R.M. Laboratory and field estimates of the rate of faecal pellet production by Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba. Marine Biology 1988, 98:557-563.
14. Clarke A., Tyler P.A. Adult Antarctic krill feeding at abyssal depths. Current Biology 2008, 18:282-285.
15. Constable A.J., de la Mare W.K., Agnew D.J., Everson I., Miller D.G.M. Managing fisheries to conserve the Antarctic marine ecosystem: practical implementation of the Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). ICES Journal of Marine Science 2000, 57:778-791.
16. Constable A.J., Nicol S., Strutton P.G. Southern Ocean productivity in relation to spatial and temporal variation in the physical environment. Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans 2003, 108. art no.-9079.
17. Demer D.A., Conti S.G. New target-strength model indicates more krill in the Southern Ocean. ICES Journal of Marine Science 2005, 62:25-32.
18. Demer, D.A., Cossio, A.M., Reiss, C.S., 2007. Section 3.21 of SC-CAMLR-XXVI, Report of the 26th meeting of the Scientific Committee, Hobart, Australia, 22-26 October 2007.
19. Everson I. Distribution and standing stock-The Southern Ocean. Krill Biology, Ecology and Fisheries 2000, 63-79. Blackwell, Cambridge, UK. I. Everson (Ed.).
20. Everson I., Bone D.G. Effectiveness of the RMT8 system for sampling krill (Euphausia superba) swarms. Polar Biology 1986, 6:83-90.
21. Fraser W.R., Hofmann E.E. A predator's perspective on causal links between climate change, physical forcing and ecosystem response. Marine Ecology Progress Series 2003, 265:1-15.
22. Gutt J., Siegel V. Benthopelagic aggregations of krill (Euphausia superba) on the deeper shelf of the Weddell Sea (Antarctica). Deep-Sea Research I 1994, 41:169-178.
23. Godlewska M. Vertical migrations of krill (Euphausia superba Dana). Polish Archives of Hydrobiology 1996, 43:9-63.
24. Hagen W., Kattner G., Terbrüggen A., Van Vleet E.S. Lipid metabolism of the Antarctic krill Euphausia superba and its ecological implications. Marine Biology 2001, 139:95-104.
25. Hamner W.M., Hamner P.P. Behavior of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba): schooling, foraging, and antipredatory behaviour. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2000, 57:192-202.
26. Hewitt R.P., Watkins J., Naganobu M., Sushin V., Brierley A.S., Demer D., Kasatkina S., Takao Y., Goss C., Malyshko A., Brandon M., Kawaguchi S., Siegel V., Trathan P., Emery J., Everson I., Miller D. Biomass of Antarctic krill in the Scotia Sea in January/February 2000 and its use in revising an estimate of precautionary yield. Deep-Sea Research II 2004, 51:1215-1236.
27. Heywood B.G., Brierley A.S., Gull S.F. A quantified Bayesian Maximum entropy estimate of Antarctic krill abundance across the Scotia Sea and in small scale management units from the CCAMLR-2000 survey. CCAMLR Science 2006, 13:97-116.
28. Hofmann E.E., Murphy E.J. Advection, krill, and Antarctic marine ecosystems. Antarctic Science 2004, 16:487-499.
29. Hopkins T.L., Ainley D.G., Torres J.J., Lancraft T.M. Trophic structure in open waters of the Marginal Ice Zone in the Scotia-Weddell Confluence region during spring (1983). Polar Biology 1993, 13:389-397.
30. Kasatkina S.M., Goss C., Emery J.H., Takao Y., Litvinov F.F., Malyshko A.P., Shnar V.N., Berezhinsky O.A. A comparison of net and acoustic estimates of krill density in the Scotia Sea during the CCAMLR 2000 Survey. Deep-Sea Research II 2004, 51:1289-1300.
31. Kawaguchi S., Candy S.G., King R., Naganobu M., Nicol S. Modelling growth of Antarctic krill. I. Growth trends with sex, length, season and region. Marine Ecology Progress Series 2006, 306:1-15.
32. Kawaguchi S., Nicol S. Learning about Antarctic krill from the fishery. Antarctic Science 2007, 19:219-230.
33. Lancraft T.M., Relsenbichler K.R., Robinson B.H., Hopkins T.L., Torres J.J. A krill-dominated micronekton and macrozooplankton community in Croker Passage, Antarctica with an estimate of fish predation. Deep-Sea Research II 2004, 51:2247-2260.
34. Loeb V., Siegel V., Holm Hansen O., Hewitt R., Fraser W., Trivelpiece W., Trivelpiece S. Effects of sea-ice extent and krill or salp dominance on the Antarctic food web. Nature 1997, 387:897-900.
35. Mackintosh N. Distribution of post-larval krill in the Antarctic. Discovery Reports 1973, 36:95-156.
36. Marr J.W.S. The natural history and geography of the Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana). Discovery Reports 1962, 32:33-464.
37. Miller D.G.M., Hampton I. Biology and ecology of the Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana): a review. BIOMASS Scientific Series 1989, 9:1-66.
38. Moore J.K., Abbott M.R., Richman J.G. Location and dynamics of the Antarctic Polar Front from satellite sea surface temperature data. Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans 1999, 104:3059-3073.
39. Morris D.J., Watkins J.L., Ricketts C., Bucholz F., Priddle J. An assessment of the merits of length and weight measurements of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 1988, 79:27-50.
40. Mori M., Butterworth D.S. A first step towards modelling the krill-predator dynamics of the Antarctic ecosystem. CCAMLR Science 2006, 13:217-277.
41. Murphy E.J., Watkins J.L., Trathan P.N., Reid K., Meredith M.P., Thorpe S., Johnston N.M., Clarke A., Tarling G.A., Collins M.A., Forcada J., Shreeve R.S., Atkinson A., Korb R., Whitehouse M.J., Ward P., Enderlein P., Hirst A.G., Martin A.R., Hill S.L., Staniland I.L., Pond D.W., Briggs D.R., Cunningham N.J., Fleming A.H. Spatial and temporal operation of the Scotia Sea ecosystem: a review of large-scale links in a krill-centred food web. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Series B 2007, 362:113-148.
42. Nicol S. Krill and currents-physical and biological interactions influencing the distribution of Euphausia superba. Ocean and Polar Research 2003, 25:633-644.
43. Nicol S., Constable A.J., Pauly T. Estimates of circumpolar abundance of Antarctic krill based on recent acoustic density measurements. CCAMLR Science 2000, 7:87-99.
44. Orsi A.H., Whitworth T., Nowlin W.D. On the meridional extent and fronts of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Deep-Sea Research I 1995, 42:641-673.
45. Pakhomov E.A. Demography and life cycle of Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean: long-term comparison between coastal and open ocean regions. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2000, 57:68-90.
46. Perissinotto R., Pakhomov E.A., McQuaid C.D., Froneman P.W. In situ grazing rates and daily ration of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba feeding on phytoplankton at the Antarctic Polar front and the marginal ice zone. Marine Ecology Progress Series 1997, 160:77-91.
47. Priddle J., Boyd I.L., Whitehouse M.J., Murphy E.J., Croxall J.P. Estimates of Southern Ocean Primary Production-constraints from predator carbon demand and nutrient drawdown. Journal of Marine Systems 1998, 17:275-288.
48. Quetin L.B., Ross R.M. Behavioural and physiological characterisics of the Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba. American Zoologist 1991, 31:49-63.
49. Quetin L.B., Ross R.M. Environmental variability and its impact on the reproductive cycle of Antarctic krill. American Zoologist 2001, 41:74-89.
50. Quetin L.B., Ross R.M., Clarke A. Krill energetics: seasonal and environmental aspects of the physiology of Euphausia superba. Southern Ocean Ecology: the BIOMASS Perspective 1994, 165-184. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. S.Z. El Sayed (Ed.).
51. Reid K., Croxall J.P. Environmental response of upper trophic-level predators reveals a system change in an Antarctic marine ecosystem. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B 2001, 268:377-384.
52. Rosenberg A.A., Beddington J.R., Basson M. Growth and longevity of krill during the first decade of pelagic whaling. Nature 1986, 324:152-153.
53. Ross R.M., Quetin L.B. Euphausia superba: a critical review of estimates of annual production. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 1988, 90B:499-505.
54. Ross R.M., Quetin L.B., Lascara C.M. Distribution of krill and dominant zooplankton west of the Antarctic Peninsula. Antractic Research Series 1996, 70:199-217.
55. Ross R.M., Quetin L.B., Baker K.S., Vernet M., Smith R.C. Growth limitation in young Euphausia superba under field conditions. Limnology and Oceanography 2000, 45:31-43.
56. Shreeve R.S., Tarling G.A., Atkinson A., Ward P., Goss C., Watkins J. Relative production of Calanoides acutus (Copepoda: Calanoida) and Euphausia superba (Antarctic krill) at South Georgia, and its implications at wider scales. Marine Ecology Progress Series 2005, 298:229-239.
57. Siegel V. Untersuchungen zur Biologie des antarktischen Krill, Euphausia superba, im Bereich der Bransfield Strasse und angrezender Gebiete. Mitt Inst Seefisch Hamburg 1986, 38:1-244.
58. Siegel V. Review of length-weight relationships for Antarctic krill. SC-CAMLR Selected Scientific Papers 1992, 9:145-155.
59. Siegel V. Distribution and population dynamics of Euphausia superba: summary of recent findings. Polar Biology 2005, 29:1-22.
60. Siegel V., Kawaguchi S., Ward P., Litvinov F., Sushin V., Loeb V., Watkins J. Krill demography and large scale distribution in the southwest Atlantic during January/February 2000. Deep-Sea Research II 2004, 51:1253-1273.
61. Siegel V., Loeb V. Recruitment of Antarctic krill Euphausia superba and possible causes for its variability. Marine Ecology Progress Series 1995, 123:45-56.
62. Siegel V., Nicol S. Population parameters. Krill Biology, Ecology and Fisheries 2000, 103-149. Blackwell Science, London. I. Everson (Ed.).
63. Tarling G.A., Shreeve R.S., Hirst A.G., Atkinson A., Pond D.W., Murphy E.J., Watkins J.L. Natural growth rates in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba): I. Improving methodology and predicting intermolt period. Limnology and Oceanography 2006, 51:959-972.
64. Tseitlin V.B. Biomass and production of the Antarctic krill. Complex investigations of the Southern Ocean pelagic zone 1989, 118-122. IORAN Publishing Office, Moscow, (in Russian). L.A. Ponomareva (Ed.).
65. Voronina N.M. Pelagic Ecosystems of the Southern Ocean 1984, Nauka Press, Moscow, (in Russian).
66. Voronina N.M. Comparative abundance and distribution of major filter-feeders in the Antarctic pelagic zone. Journal of Marine Systems 1998, 17:375-390.
67. Watkins J., Macaulay M., Everson I. Sampling krill. Krill Biology, Ecology and Fisheries 2000, 8-39. Blackwell Science, London. I. Everson (Ed.).
68. Wiebe P.H., Ashjian C.J., Gallager S.M., Davis C.S., Lawson G.L., Copley N.J. Using a high-powered strobe light to increase the catch of Antarctic krill. Marine Biology 2004, 144:493-502.
69. Willis J. Could whales have maintained the high abundance of krill?. Evolutionary and Ecological Research 2007, 9:651-662.
70. Witek Z., Kalinowski J., Grelowski A. Formation of Antarctic krill concentrations in relation to hydrodynamic processes and social behaviour. Antarctic Ocean and Resources Variability 1988, 237-244. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. D. Sahrhage (Ed.).