A new aerosol flow system for photochemical and thermal studies of tropospheric aerosols

Aerosol Science and Technology

Volumn 44, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 329-338

  Ezell, Michael J ^a   Johnson, Stanley N ^a   Yu, Yong ^b   Perraud, Véronique ^a   Bruns, Emily A ^a   Alexander, M Lizabeth ^c   Zelenyuk, Alla ^c   Dabdub, Donald ^a   Finlayson Pitts, Barbara J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b CALIFORNIA AIR RESOURCES BOARD   (United States)

^c PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AERODYNAMIC PARTICLE SIZER; AEROSOL FLOW; ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES; CONTINUOUS SAMPLING; FLOW SYSTEMS; FLOW TUBE; FOURIER TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROPHOTOMETERS; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHS; GASPHASE; IMPACTORS; LONG-PATH; NEW SYSTEM; OZONE ANALYZERS; OZONOLYSIS; RELATIVE HUMIDITIES; RESIDENCE TIME; SCANNING MOBILITY PARTICLE SIZER; SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOLS; SURFACE-TO-VOLUME RATIO; TEMPERATURE PROBES; THERMAL STUDY; TIME RESOLVED MEASUREMENT; TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; UV LAMPS; WALL REACTIONS;

ATMOSPHERIC HUMIDITY; ATMOSPHERICS; INERT GASES; LIGHTING; MASS SPECTROMETRY; OZONE; PHOTOLYSIS; PHOTOOXIDATION; SPECTROMETERS; STAINLESS STEEL; TROPOSPHERE; ULTRAVIOLET LAMPS;

ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS;

CARBON DIOXIDE; NITROGEN; OXYGEN; OZONE; PINENE; SODIUM; STAINLESS STEEL;

AEROSOL; ARTICLE; EXPERIMENT; FEASIBILITY STUDY; FILTER; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMIDITY; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; OZONOLYSIS; PARTICLE SIZE; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; PHOTOLYSIS; PHOTOOXIDATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPECTROMETER; TEMPERATURE; THERMAL ANALYSIS; TUBE;

EID: 77951169698     PISSN: 02786826     EISSN: 15217388     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02786821003639700     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Atkinson, R., Baulch, D. L., Cox, R. A., Crowley, J. N., Hampson, R. F. Hynes, R. G., Jenkin, M. E., Rossi, M. J., and Troe, J. (2006). Evaluated Kinetic and Photochemical Data for Atmospheric Chemistry: Volume II-Gas Phase Reactions of Organic Species. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6:3625-4055. (Pubitemid 44369557)
2. Baltensperger, U., Kalberer, M., Dommen, J., Paulsen, D., Alfarra, M. R., Coe, H., Fisseha, R., Gascho, A., Gysel, M., and Nyeki, S. (2005). Secondary Organic Aerosols from Anthropogenic and Biogenic Precursors. Faraday Discuss. 130:265-278.
3. Bonn, B., Korhonen, H., Peẗaj̈a, T., Boy, M., and Kulmala, M. (2007). Understanding the Formation of Biogenic Secondary Organic Aerosol from ?iquest;- Pinene in Smog Chamber Studies: Role of Organic Peroxy Radicals. Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 7:3901-3939.
4. Bonn, B., and Moortgat, G. K. (2002). New Particle Formation During ?iquest;- and ?̀-Pinene Oxidation by O3, OH andNO3, and the Influence ofWater Vapour: Particle Size Distribution Studies. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2:183-196.
5. Braun,W., Herron, J. T., and Kahaner, D. K. (1988). ACUCHEM: A Computer Program for Modeling Complex Chemical Reaction Systems. Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 20:51-62.
6. Br̈oske, R., Kleffmann, J., andWiesen, P. (2003). Heterogeneous Conversion of NO2 on Secondary Organic Aerosol Surfaces: A Possible Source of Nitrous Acid (HONO) in the Atmosphere? Atmos. Chem. Phys. 3:469-474.
7. Bruns, E. A., Perraud, V., Zelenyuk, A., Ezell, M. J., Johnson, S. N., Yu, Y., Imre, D., Finlayson-Pitts, B. J., and Alexander, M. L. (2010). Comparison of FTIR and Particle Mass Spectrometry for the Measurement of Particulate Organic Nitrates. Environ. Sci. Technol. 44:1056-1061.
8. Che, D., Smith, J., Leone, S., Ahmed, M., and Wilson, K. (2009). Quantifying the Reactive Uptake of OH by Organic Aerosols in a Continuous Flow Stirred Tank Reactor. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 11:7885-7895.
9. Chow, J. C., Watson, J. G., Mauderly, J. L., Costa, D. L., Wyzga, R. E., Vedal, S., Hidy, G. M., Altshuler, S. L., Marrack, D., Heuss, J. M., Wolff, G. T., Pope, C. A., and Dockery, D. W. (2006). Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect. J. AirWaste Manag. Assoc. 56:1368-1380.
10. Finlayson-Pitts, B. J., and Pitts, J. N., Jr. (2000). Chemistry of the Upper and Lower Atmosphere-Theory, Experiments, and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego.
11. Friedlander, S. K., and Johnstone, H. F. (1957). Deposition of Suspended Particles from Turbulent Gas Streams. Ind. Eng. Chem. 49:1151-1156.
12. Fuzzi, S., Andreae, M. O., Huebert, B. J., Kulmala, M., Bond, T. C., Boy, M., Doherty, S. J., Guenther, A., Kanakidou, M., and Kawamura, K. (2006). Critical Assessment of the Current State of Scientific Knowledge, Terminology, and Research Needs Concerning the Role of Organic Aerosols in the Atmosphere, Climate, and Global Change. Atmos. Chem. Phys 6:2017-2038.
13. Ghan, S. J., and Schwartz, S. E. (2007). Aerosol Properties and Processes: A Path from Field and Laboratory Measurements to Global Climate Models. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 88:1059-1083.
14. Goldstein, A. H., Worton, D. R., Williams, B. J., Hering, S. V., Kreisberg, N. M., Panic, O., andǴorecki, T. (2008). ThermalDesorption Comprehensive Two-DimensionalGas Chromatography for In-Situ Measurements of Organic Aerosols. J. Chrom. A 1186:340-347.
15. Hamilton, J., Webb, P., Lewis, A., Hopkins, J., Smith, S., and Davy, P. (2004). Partially Oxidised Organic Components in Urban Aerosol Using GCxGCTOF/ MS. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 4:1279-1290.
16. Harrison, R. M., and Collins, G. M. (1998). Measurements of Reaction Coefficients of NO2 and HONO on Aerosol Particles. J. Atmos. Chem. 30:397-406.
17. Hinds, W. C. (1999). Aerosol Technology. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
18. Holman, J. P. (2002). Heat Transfer. McGraw-Hill, New York, p. 207.
19. Incropera, F. P. (2007). Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
20. Jang, M., Lee, S., and Kamens, R. M. (2003). Organic Aerosol Growth by Acid- Catalyzed Heterogeneous Reactions of Octanal in a Flow Reactor. Atmos. Environ. 37:2125-2138.
21. Jaoui, M., and Kamens, R. M. (2001). Mass Balance of Gaseous and Particulate Products Analysis from ?iquest;-Pinene/NOx/Air in the Presence of Natural Sunlight. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 107:12541-12558.
22. Johnson, D., andMarston, G. (2008). The Gas-Phase Ozonolysis of Unsaturated Volatile Organic Compounds in the Troposphere. Chem. Soc. Rev. 37:699-716.
23. Kamens, R. M., and Jaoui, M. (2001). Modeling Aerosol Formation from ?iquest;- Pinene + NOx in the Presence of Natural Sunlight Using Gas-Phase Kinetics and Gas-Particle Partitioning Theory. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35:1394-1405.
24. Khalizov, A., Earle, M., Johnson, W., Stubley, G., and Sloan, J. (2006a). Modeling of Flow Dynamics in Laminar Aerosol Flow Tubes. J. Aerosol Sci. 37:1174-1187.
25. Khalizov, A. F., Earle, M. E., Johnson, W. J. W., Stubley, G. D., and Sloan, J. J. (2006b).Development and Characterization of a LaminarAerosol FlowTube. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 77:033102.
26. King, S. M., Rosenoern, T., Shilling, J. E., Chen, Q., and Martin, S. T. (2007). Cloud Condensation Aucleus Activity of Secondary Organic Aerosol Particles Mixed with Sulfate. Geophys. Res. Lett. 34.
27. Kleindienst, T. E., Smith, D. F., Li, W., Edney, E. O., Driscoll, D. J., Speer, R. E., and Weathers, W. S. (1999). Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation from the Oxidation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Presence of Dry Submicron Ammonium Sulfate Aerosol. Atmos. Environ. 33:3669-3681.
28. Kroll, J. H., and Seinfeld, J.H. (2008).Chemistry of Secondary OrganicAerosol: Formation and Evolution of Low-Volatility Organics in the Atmosphere. Atmos. Environ. 42:3593-3624.
29. Lee, K.W., and Gieseke, J. A. (1994). Deposition of Particles in Turbulent Pipe Flows. J. Aerosol Sci. 25:699-709.
30. Lee, S., and Kamens, R. M. (2005). Particle Nucleation from the Reaction of ?iquest;-Pinene and O3. Atmos. Environ. 39:6822-6832.
31. McMurry, P. H., and Rader, D. J. (1985). Aerosol Wall Losses in Electrically Charged Chambers. Aerosol Sci. and Technol. 4:249-268.
32. Mochida, M., Katrib, Y., Jayne, J. T., Worsnop, D. R., and Martin, S. T. (2006). The Relative Importance of Competing Pathways for the Formation of High- Molecular-Weight Peroxides in the Ozonolysis of Organic Aerosol Particles. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6:4851-4866.
33. Morris, J., Davidovits, P., Jayne, J., Jimenez, J., Shi, Q., Kolb, C.,Worsnop, D., Barney,W., and Cass, G. (2002). Kinetics of Submicron Oleic Acid Aerosols with Ozone-A Novel Aerosol Mass Spectrometric Technique. Geophysical Research Letters 29:71-71
34. Offenberg, J. H., Lewis, C. W., Lewandowski, N., Jaoui, M., Kleindienst, T. E., and Edney, E. O. (2007). Contributions of Toluene and ?iquest;-Pinene to SOA Formed in an Irradiated Tolene/?iquest;-Pinene/NOx/Air Mixture: Comparison of Results Using 14C Content and SOA Organic Tracer Methods. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41:3972-3976.
35. Pankow, J. F. (1994). An Absorption Model of Gas/Particle Partitioning of Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere. Atmos. Environ. 28:185-188.
36. Pathak, R. K., Stanier, C. O., Donahue, N. M., and Pandis, S. N. (2007). Ozonolysis of ?iquest;-Pinene at Atmospherically Relevant Concentrations: Temperature Dependence of Aerosol Mass Fractions (Yields). J. Geophys. Res. 112:D03201.
37. Perraud, V., Yu, Y., Bruns, E. A., Ezell, M. J., Johnson, S. N., Alexander, M. L., Zelenyuk, A., Imre, D., and Finlayson-Pitts, B. J. (2010a). Characterization and Chemical Composition of the Secondary Organic Aerosols Formed in the NO3 Radical-Initiated Oxidation of ?iquest;-Pinene. In press.
38. Perraud, V., Yu, Y., Bruns, E. A., Ezell, M. J., Johnson, S. N., Alexander, M. L., Zelenyuk, A., Imre, D., and Finlayson-Pitts, B. J. (2010b). Influence of the NO2/O3 Ratio in the NO3 Radical-Initiated Oxidation of ?iquest;-Pinene. In press.
39. Pope, C. A., Burnett, R. T., Thun, M. J., Calle, E. E., Krewski, D., Ito, K., and Thurston, G. D. (2002). Lung Cancer, Cardiopulmonary Mortality and Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution. J. Am. Med. Assoc. 287:1132-1141.
40. Pope, C. A., and Dockery, D. W. (2006). Health Effects of Fine Particulate Air Pollution: Lines that Connect. J. Air Waste Manag. Assoc. 56:709-742.
41. Robinson, R., Snyder, P., and Oldham, M. (2007). Comparison of Particle Tracking Algorithms in Commercial CFD Packages: Sedimentation and Diffusion. Inhalation Toxicology. 19:517-531.
42. Rudich, Y. (2003). Laboratory Perspectives on the Chemical Transformations of Organic Matter in Atmospheric Particles. Chem. Rev. 103:5097-5124.
43. Seinfeld, J. H., Kleindienst, T. E., Edney, E. O., and Cohen, J. B. (2003). Aerosol Growth in a Steady-State, Continuous Flow Chamber: Application to Studies of Secondary Aerosol Formation. Aerosol Sci. Technol. 37:728-734.
44. Seinfeld, J. H., and Pandis, S. N. (1998). Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
45. Shilling, J. E., Chen, Q., King, S. M., Rosenoern, T., Kroll, J. H., Worsnop, D. R., DeCarlo, P. F., Aiken, A. C., Sueper, D., Jimenez, J. L., and Martin, S. T. (2009). Loading-Dependent Elemental Composition of ?iquest;-Pinene SOA Particles. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 9:771-782.
46. Shilling, J. E., Chen, Q., King, S. M., Rosenoern, T., Kroll, J. H., Worsnop, D. R., McKinney, K. A., and Martin, S. T. (2008). Particle Mass Yield in Secondary Organic Aerosol Formed by the Dark Ozonolysis of ?iquest;-Pinene. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 8:2073-2088.
47. Smith, G. D., Woods, E., DeForest, C. L., Baer, T., and Miller, R. E. (2002). Reactive Uptake of Ozone by Oleic Acid Aerosol Particles: Application of Single-Particle Mass Spectrometry to Heterogeneous Reaction Kinetics. J. Phys. Chem. A 106:8085-8095.
48. Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Alley, R. B., Berntsen, T., Bindoff, N. L., Chen, Z., Chidthaisong, A., Gregory, J. M., Hegerl, G. C., Heimann, M. B. H., Hoskins, B. J., Joos, F., Jouzel, J., Kattsov, V., Lohmann, U., Matsuno, T., Molina, M., Nicholls, N., Overpeck, J. G. R., Ramaswamy, V., Ren, J., Rusticucci, M., Somerville, R., Stocker, T. F., Whetton, P., Wood, R. A., and Wratt, D. (2007). IPCC Technical Summary, in Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, edited by D. Q. Solomon, S. M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Averyt, M. Tignor, and H. L. Miller, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York.
49. Str̈om, L. (1972). Transmission Efficiency of Aerosol Sampling Lines. Atmos. Environ. 6:133-142.
50. Tolocka, M. P., Heaton, K. J., Dreyfus, M. A., Wang, S., Zordan, C. A., Saul, T. D., and Johnston, M.V. (2006). Chemistry of Particle Inception and Growth During ?iquest;-Pinene Ozonolysis. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40:1843-1848.
51. VanReken, T.M., Greenberg, J. P., Harley, P.C., Guenther,A.B., and Smith, J.N. (2006). Direct Measurement of Particle Formation and Growth from the Oxidation of Biogenic Emissions. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6:4403-4413.
52. Venkatachari, P., and Hopke, P. K. (2008). Characterization of Products Formed in the Reaction of Ozone with ?iquest;-Pinene: Case for Organic Peroxides. J. Environ. Monit. 10:966-974.
53. Vlasenko, A., Sjogren, S., Weingartner, E., Stemmler, K., G̈aggeler, H., and Ammann, M. (2006). Effect of Humidity on Nitric Acid Uptake to Mineral Dust Aerosol Particles. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 6:2147-2160.
54. Wells, A. C., and Chamberlain, A. C. (1967). Transport of Small Particles to Vertical Surfaces. Br. J. Appl. Phys. 18:1793-1799.
55. Yu, Y., Ezell, M. J., Zelenyuk, A., Imre, D., Alexander, L., Ortega, J., D'Anna, B.,Harmon, C.W., Johnson, S. N., and Finlayson-Pitts, B. J. (2008). Photooxidation of ?iquest;-Pinene at High Relative Humidity in the Presence of Increasing Concentrations of NOx . Atmos. Environ. 42:5044-5060.
56. Zelenyuk, A., Ezell, M. J., Perraud, V., Johnson, S. N., Bruns, E. A., Yu, Y., Imre, D., Alexander, M. L., and Finlayson-Pitts, B. J. (2010). Characterization of Organic Coatings on Hygroscopic Salt Particles and Their Atmospheric Impacts. Atmos. Environ. 44:1209-1218.