Antipsychotic polypharmacy: Review of mechanisms, mortality and management

Psychiatrist

Volumn 34, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 58-62

  Langan, Julie ^a   Shajahan, Polash ^b  

^a NHS LANARKSHIRE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARIPIPRAZOLE; CLOZAPINE; LOXAPINE; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; OLANZAPINE; QUETIAPINE; RISPERIDONE; SULPIRIDE;

CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG EFFICACY; HUMAN; HYPERPROLACTINEMIA; MENTAL HEALTH SERVICE; MONOTHERAPY; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; POLYPHARMACY; REVIEW; SCHIZOPHRENIA;

EID: 77951152707     PISSN: 17583209     EISSN: 17583217     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1192/pb.bp.108.024257     Document Type: Review

References (34)

1. Sheppard C, Collins L, Fiorentino D, Fracchia J, Merlis S. Polypharmacy in psychiatric treatment. Incidence at a state hospital. Curr Therap Res 1969; 11: 765-774
2. Keks NA, Alston K, Hope J, Krapivensky N, Culhane C,Tanaghow A, et al. Use of antipsychosis and adjunctive medications by an inner urban community psychiatric service. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 1999; 33: 896-901. (Pubitemid 30015857)
3. Ito C, Kubota Y, Sato M. A prospective survey on drug choice for prescriptions for admitted patients with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1999; 53 (suppl): S35-40.
4. Taylor M, Shajahan P, Lawrie SM. Comparing the use and discontinuation of antipsychotics in clinical practice: an observational study. J Clin Psychiatry 2008; 69: 240-245 (Pubitemid 351469267)
5. Stahl SM. Antipsychotic polypharmacy, Part 1: Therapeutic option or dirty little secret? J Clin Psychiatry 1999; 60: 425-426
6. Freudenreich O, Goff DC. Antipsychotic combination therapy in schizophrenia. A review of efficacy and risks of current combinations. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2002; 106: 323-330
7. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Schizophrenia: Core Interventions in the Treatment and Management of Schizophrenia in Primary and Secondary Care. Clinical Practice Algorithms and Pathways to Care. NICE, 2002.
8. British Medical Association, Royal Pharmaceutical Society. British National Formulary, March issue. BMJ Books & Pharmaceutical Press, 2008.
9. Taylor D, Paton C, Kerwin R. The Maudsley Prescribing Guidelines (9th ed). Informa, 2007.
10. Royal College of Psychiatrists. Prescribing Observatory for Mental Health. Royal College of Psychiatrists (http://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/ T1%20info%20leaflet.pdf).
11. Josiassen RC, Joseph A, Kohegyi E, Stokes S, Dadvand M, Paing WW, et al. Clozapine augmented with risperidone in the treatment of schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Am J Psychiatry 2005; 162: 130-136 (Pubitemid 40095682)
12. Shiloh R, Zemishlany Z, Aizenberg D, Radwan M, Schwartz B, Dorfman-Etrog P, et al. Sulpiride augmentation in people with schizophrenia partially responsive to clozapine. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Br J Psychiatry 1997; 171: 569-573 (Pubitemid 27527329)
13. Kotler M, Stous RD, Reznik I, Shwartz S,Weizman A, Spivak B. Sulpiride augmentation of olanzapine in the management of treatment-resistant chronic schizophrenia: evidence for improvement of mood symptomatology. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2004; 19: 23-26 (Pubitemid 38114620)
14. Honer WG, Thornton AE, Chen EY, Chan RC, Wong JO, Bergmann A, et al. Clozapine alone versus clozapine and risperidone with refractory schizophrenia. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 472-482 (Pubitemid 43200298)
15. Yagcioclu AE, Akbdede BB, Turgut TI, Tumuklu M, Yazici MK, Alptekin K, et al. A double-blind controlled study of adjunctive treatment with risperidone in schizophrenic patients partially responsive to clozapine: efficacy and safety. J Clin Psychiatry 2005; 66: 63-72.
16. Gibson A, Patel NC, Lauriello J, Buckley P. Anti-psychotic combinations: blind step or logical? Curr Psychiatry 2008; 7: 41-48
17. Taylor D, Mir S, Mace S, Whiskey E. Co-prescribing of atypical and typical antipsychotics - prescribing sequence and documented outcome. Psychiatr Bull 2002; 26: 170-172 (Pubitemid 34525132)
18. Correll C, Frederickson A, Kane J, Manu P. Does antipsychotic polypharmacy the risk for metabolic syndrome? Schizophr Res 2007; 89: 91-100.
19. Thompson C. The use of high-dose antipsychotic medication. Br J Psychiatry 1994; 164: 448-458
20. Sernyak MJ, Rosenheck R. Clinicians' reasons for antipsychotic co-prescribing. J Clin Psychiatry 2004; 65: 1597-1600
21. Miller AL, Craig CS. Combination antipsychotics: pros, cons, and questions. Schizophr Bull 2002; 28: 105-109
22. Tapp A, Wood AE, Secrest L, Erdmann J, Cubberley L, Kilzieh N. Combination antipsychotic therapy in clinical practice. Psychiatr Serv 2003; 54: 55-59 (Pubitemid 36043847)
23. Waddington JL, Yousseff HA, Kinsella A. Mortality in schizophrenia. Antipsychotic polypharmacy and absence of adjunctive anticholinergics over the course of a 10-year prospective study. Br J Psychiatry 1998; 173: 325-329 (Pubitemid 28454819)
24. Curkendall SM, Mo J, Glasser DB, Rose Stang M, Jones JK. Cardiovascular disease in patients with schizophrenia in Saskatchewan, Canada. J Clin Psychiatry 2004; 65: 715-720
25. Ray W, Chung C, Murray KT, Hall K, Stein M. Atypical antipsychotic drugs and the risk of sudden cardiac death. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 225-235
26. Tiihonen J,Walhbeck K, Lonnqvist J, Klaukka T, Ioannidis JP, Volavkan J, et al. Effectiveness of antipsychotic treatments in a nationwide cohort of patients in community care after first hospitalisation due to schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder: observational follow up study. BMJ 2006; 333: 224-230 (Pubitemid 44406713)
27. Enger C, Weatherby L, Reynolds RF, Glasser DB, Walker AM. Serious cardiovascular events and mortality among patients with schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis 2004; 192: 19-27. (Pubitemid 38101693)
28. Bralet MC, Yon V, Loas G, Noisette C. Cause of mortality in schizophrenic patients: prospective study of years of a cohort of 150 chronic schizophrenic patients. Encephale 2000; 26: 32-41.
29. Chen A. Noncompliance in community psychiatry: a review of clinical interventions. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1991; 42: 282-287
30. Joukamaa M, Heliövaara M, Knekt P, Aromaa A, Raitasalo R, Lehtinen V. Schizophrenia, neuroleptic medication and mortality. Br J Psychiatry 2006; 188: 122-127
31. Suzuki T, Uchida H, Tanaka K, Nomura K, Takano H, Tanabe A, et al. Revising polypharmacy to a single antipsychotic regimen for patients with chronic schizophrenia. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2004; 7: 133-142 (Pubitemid 38823280)
32. Suzuki T, Uchida H, Watanabe K, Yagi G, Kashima H. A clinical case series of switching from antipsychotic polypharmacy to monotherapy with a second-generation agent on patients with chronic schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2004; 28: 361-369 (Pubitemid 38130144)
33. Kawai NA,Yamakawa YB, Matsuzaka HA, Baba HA, Tachikawa AC, Hori HD, et al. Switching from high-dose of multiple neuroleptic treatments to the single atypical neuroleptic regimen (the second report): What are the risks for psychotic exacerbations? Int Clin Psychopharmacology 2005; 20: A15.
34. Soni SD, Sampath G, Shah A, Krska J. Rationalizing neuroleptic polypharmacy in chronic schizophrenics: effects of changing to a single depot preparation. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1992; 85: 354-359