Hard news, soft news, 'general' news: The necessity and utility of an intermediate classification

Journalism

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 37-56

  Lehman Wilzig, Sam N ^a   Seletzky, Michal ^a  

^a BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

Elite newspapers; General news; Hard news; Middle(brow) journalism; News typology; Popular newspapers; Soft news; Yellow journalism

Indexed keywords

EID: 77951052303     PISSN: 14648849     EISSN: 17413001     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1464884909350642     Document Type: Review

References (43)

1. Baum, M. A. (2002a) 'Circling the Wagons: Soft News and Isolationism in American Public Opinion', Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston, MD
2. Baum, M. A. (2002b) 'Sex, Lies and War: How Soft News Brings Policy to the Inattentive Public', American Political Science Review 96: 91-109
3. Baum, M. A. (2003) 'Soft News and Political Knowledge: Evidence of Absence or Absence of Evidence?', Political Communication 20: 173-90
4. Baum, M. A. (2004) 'Circling the Wagons: Soft News and Isolationism in American Public Opinion', International Studies Quarterly 48: 313-38
5. Baum, M. A. (2005) 'Talking the Vote: Why Presidential Candidates Hit the Talk Show Circuit', American Journal of Political Science 49: 213-34
6. Baum, M. A. and A. S. Jamison (2006) 'The Oprah Effect: How Soft News Helps Inattentive Citizens Vote Consistently', The Journal of Politics 68(4): 946-59
7. Baumgartner, J. and J. S. Morris (2006) 'The Daily Show Effect: Candidate Evaluations, Efficacy, and American Youth,' American Politics Research 34(3): 341-67
8. Boyer, P. J. (1988) Who Killed CBS: The Undoing of America's Number One News Network. New York: Random House
9. Brewer, P. R. and X. Cao (2006) 'Candidate Appearances on Soft News Shows and Public Knowledge about Primary Campaigns', Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 50(1): 18-35
10. Cann, D. J. and P. B. Mohr (2001) 'Journalist and Source Gender in Australian Television News', Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 45: 162-74
11. Dahlgren, P. and C. Sparks (1992) Journalism and Popular Culture. London: SAGE
12. Davis, R. and D. Owen (1998) New Media and American Politics. New York: Oxford University Press
13. Deuze, M. (2005) 'Popular Journalism and Professional Ideology: Tabloid Reporters and Editors Speak out', Media, Culture & Society 27(6): 861-82
14. Feldman, L. (2007) 'The News about Comedy: Young Audiences, The DailyShow, and Evolving Notions of Journalism', Journalism: Theory, Practice and Criticism 8(4): 406-27
15. Goren, D. (1993) Tikshoret u'Metziyut [Communications and reality]. Jerusalem: Keter
16. Hamilton, J. T. (2003) All the News that's Fit to Sell: How the Market Transforms Information into News. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press
17. Jurkowitz, M. (2000) 'Marry a Multimillionaire: Soft News for the New Millennium', Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 5(3): 108-10
18. Liebler, C. M. and S. J. Smith (1997) 'Tracking Gender Differences: A Comparative Analysis of Network Correspondents and their Sources', Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 41: 58-68
19. Limor, Y. and R. Mann (1997) Itona'ut [Journalism]. Tel Aviv: Open University
20. Lumby, C. (1994) 'Feminism and the Media: The Biggest Fantasy of All', Media Information Australia 72: 49-54
21. McLachlan, S. and P. Golding (2000) 'Tabloidization in the British Newspapers 1952-1997', in C. Sparks and J. Tulloch (eds) Tabloid Tales: Global Debates over Media Standards, pp. 76-90. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield
22. Nir, R. (1984) Lashon, Medium u'Meser [Language, medium & message]. Jerusalem: Posner & Sons
23. Nir, R. and Y. Roeh (1992) 'Darkai ha'Tzitut be'Divuakh ha'Khadshuti be'Itona'ut ha'Yisraelit [Ways of quoting in Israeli news reporting]', in A. Ornan, R. Ben-Shachar and G. Turi (eds) Ha'ivrit Safah Khayah [Hebrew: A living language], pp. 189-210. Haifa: Haifa University
24. Niven, D., S. R. Lichter and D. Amundson (2003) 'The Political Content of Late Night Comedy', Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 8: 118-33
25. Paletz, D. L. (2002) The Media in American Politics. New York: Longman
26. Patterson, T. E. (2000) Doing Well and Doing Good: How Soft News and Critical Journalism are Shrinking the News Audience and Weakening Democracy - and What News Outlets Can Do about It. Faculty Research Working Paper Series, RWP01-001. Cambridge, MA: John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. Available at: http://web.hks.harvard.edu/publications/workingpapers/ citation.aspx?PubId=667 (consulted September 2009)
27. Pew Research Center for the People and the Press (1996) Media Consumption Survey. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Survey Research Associates
28. Pew Research Center for the People and the Press (1998a) Media Consumption 1998. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Survey Research Associates
29. Pew Research Center for the People and the Press (1998b) Believability of Media/People. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Survey Research Associates
30. Pew Research Center for the People and the Press (2000) Biennial Media Consumption Survey. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Survey Research Associates
31. Prior, M. (2003) 'Any Good News in Soft News? The Impact of Soft News Preference on Political Knowledge', Political Communication 20: 149-71
32. Rakow, L. F. and K. Kranich (1991) 'Woman as Sign in Television News', Journal of Communication 41: 8-23
33. Scott, D. K. and R. H. Gobetz (1992) 'Hard News/Soft News Content of the National Broadcast Networks, 1972-1987', Journalism Quarterly 69(2): 406-12
34. Smith, F. L. (1985) Perspectives on Radio and Television: Telecommunication in the United States. New York: Harper & Row
35. Taylor, P. (1992) 'Political Coverage in the 1990s: Teaching the Old News New Tricks', in J. Rosen and P. Taylor (eds) The New News v. The Old News: The Press and Politics in the 1990s, pp. 37-69. New York: Twentieth Century Fund Press
36. Tuchman, G. (1972) 'Objectivity as a Strategic Ritual', American Journal of Sociology 77: 660-79
37. Uribe, R. and B. Gunter (2004) 'Research Note: The Tabloidization of British Tabloids', European Journal of Communication 19(3): 387-402
38. Van Zoonen, L. (1998) 'One of the Girls? The Changing Gender of Journalism', in C. Carter, G. Branston and S. Allan (eds) News, Gender and Power, pp. 33-46. New York: Routledge
39. Whetmore, E. J. (1987) Mediamerica: Form, Content and Consequence of Mass Communication, 3rd edn. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth
40. Yang, H. and M. B. Oliver (2004) 'Exploring the Effects of Online Advertising on Readers' Perceptions of Online News', Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 81(4): 733-49
41. Young, D. G. (2004) 'Late Night Comedy in Election 2000: Its Influence on Candidate Trait Ratings and the Moderating Effects of Political Knowledge and Partisanship', Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 48: 1-22
42. Ziegler, D. and A. White (1990) 'Women and Minorities on Network Television News: An Examination of Correspondents and Newsmakers', Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 34: 215-23
43. Zizzo, D. (1988) 'Competition Drives City TV Newscasts to Play Ratings Game', The Summer Oklahoman, 25 December, pp. 1, 25