Mencius and world order theories

Chinese Journal of International Politics

Volumn 3, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 37-54

  Paltiel, Jeremy ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77951030498     PISSN: 17508916     EISSN: 17508924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/cjip/pop016     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. Qin Yaqing, 'Why There Is No Chinese theory of International Relations', International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, Vol. 7, No. 3 (2007), pp. 313-40.
2. David Kang, 'Hierarchy and Stability in International Relations,' in G. John Ikenberry and Michael Mastanduno, eds., International Relations Theory and the Asia-Pacific (New York: Columbia University Press, 2003), pp. 163-90.
3. See Robert A. Keohane, After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in World Political Economy (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984), esp. pp. 31-46
4. Charles Kindleberger, The World in Depression (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1973)
5. Robert Gilpin, War and Change in World Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1981)
6. See G. John Ikenberry, After Victory: Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Rebuilding of Order After Major Wars (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001), p. 32.
7. For the application of Gramsci's ideas to international relations theory, see Robert Cox, 'Gramsci, Hegemony and International Relations: An Essay in Method,' Millennium, Vol. 12, No. 2 (1983), pp. 162-75
8. also Robert Cox, 'Social Forces States and World Orders: Beyond International Relations Theory,' Millennium, Vol. 10, No. 2 (1981), pp. 126-55.
9. David Kang, China Rising: Peace, Power and Order in East Asia (New York: Columbia University Press, 2007)
10. Avery Goldstein, 'An Emerging China's Emerging Grand Strategy: A Neo-Bismarckian Turn,' in G. John Ikenberry and Michael Mastanduno, eds., International Relations Theory and the Asia-Pacific, pp. 72-3
11. Avery Goldstein, Rising to the Challenge: China's Grand Strategy and International Security (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2005)
12. Hans Morgenthau, Politics Among Nations (New York: Knopf, 1948), pp. 4-15.
13. See Kenneth Waltz, Man, the State and War (New York: Columbia University Press, 1959)
14. Kenneth Waltz, Theory of International Politics (Reading, MA: Addison Wesley, 1979)
15. Joseph Needham, Science and Civilization in China: History of Scientific Thought, Vol. 2 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1956), pp. 518-83
16. for the application of this idea to sovereignty and international relations theory see the author's The Empire's New Clothes: Cultural Particularism and Universal Value in China's Quest for Global Status (New York: Palgrave, 2007), pp. 32-52.
17. Alexander Wendt, Social Theory of International Politics (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999)
18. Mencius I, A Chapter 6
19. See Mencius I, A (1)
20. This is a reference to Mancur Olson, The Logic of Collective Action (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1965)
21. Stephen Krasner, Sovereignty: Organized Hypocrisy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998), pp. 63-5.
22. See John Ikenberry, After Victory
23. Robert Keohane, After Hegemony
24. Mencius Book II, A (6)
25. See Mencius I, A (5)
26. See Mencius I, B (1)
27. David Kang, China Rising
28. Mencius makes this point directly in his dialogue with King Xuan of Qi, see, Mencius,I,A, Chapter 8
29. Mencius I, B, Chapter 6
30. The traditional text of the Mencius begins emphatically on this point: 'When your majesty says 'how can I profit my state' the great officer says 'how can I profit my household' the common folk say 'how can I profit myself.' When high and low contend, the kingdom is in danger. In a kingdom of 10,000 chariots the one who assassinates the king is of necessity a commander of a thousand chariots; in a state of a thousand chariots, the assassin of his lord is of represents of necessity a household of a hundred chariots..' Mencius I, A, Chapter 1.
31. Mencius I, B (13)
32. Alexander Wendt, 'Anarchy Is What States Make of It: the Social Construction of Power Politics,' International Organization, Vol. 46, No. 2 (1992), pp. 391-425.
33. See Mencius VI, A (10)
34. Robert Keohane, After Hegemony, pp. 214-6.
35. Richard K. Ashley, 'Untying the Sovereign State: A Double Reading of the Anarchy Problematique,' Millenium, Vol. 17, No. 2 (1988), pp. 227-62.
36. Ashley denies that his critical perspective is normative in orientation. Yet, like Mencius, he argues that the premises sovereignty state actors in a self-interested system leads inevitably to competition in a system of anarchy.
37. See Robert D. Putnam, Making Democracy Work (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993)
38. Pierre Bourdieu, 'Forms of Capital,' in J. C. Richards, ed., Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education (New York: Greenwood Press, 1983).
39. Hu Jintao 'Goujian hexie shijie: Zhongguo waijiao sixiang de xin tupo,' ('Building a Harmonious World: A New Breakthrough in Chinese Diplomatic Thinking'), Xuexi Shibao (Study Times), December 20, 2005. http://www.studytimes.com.cn/chinese/OP-c/ 1066412.htm (accessed March 20, 2006).
40. The obvious reference here is to the work of Alastair Iain Johnston, Cultural Realism: Strategic Culture and Grand Strategy in Chinese History (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998)
41. See Alexander George and Gordon A. Craig, Force and Statecraft: Diplomatic Problems of Our Time (New York: Oxford University Press, 1983)
42. Henry A. Kissinger, A World Restored (New York: Grosset and Dunlap, 1964)
43. Henry A. Kissinger, Diplomacy (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1995).
44. Bates Gill has articulated a very similar view of the philosophical basis of Chinese foreign policy behaviour and its divergence from US conceptions
45. See, Bates Gill, 'Contrasting visions: United States, China and World Order' Remarks before the US-China Security Commission, US Congress, August 3, 2001 Session on the US-China Relationship and Strategic Perceptions 010803gill_UCSST.pdf.
46. Thomas B. Stephens, Order and Discipline in China: The Shanghai Mixed Court 1911-27 (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1992), p. 4.
47. David L. Hall and Roger T. Ames, Thinking Through Confucius (Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 1987), p. 17.
48. See Joseph Needham, Human Laws and Laws of Nature in China and the West (London: Oxford University Press, 1951), p. 22.
49. David L. Hall and Roger T. Ames, Thinking Through Confucius, p. 160.
50. See Fei Xiaotong, From the Soil (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992), Chapters 4 and 5
51. Qin Yaqing explicitly refers to Fei when interviewed about Chinese approaches to International Society. See Interview, May 20, 2005.
52. Men Honghua, Goujian Zhongguo da zhanlue de goujia (China's Grand Strategy: A Framework Analysis) (Beijing: Beijing daxue chubanshe, 2005)
53. See Alastair Iain Johnston, 'Socialization in International Institutions: The ASEAN Way and International Relations Theory,' in G. John Ikenberry and Michael Mastanduno, eds., International Relations Theory and the Asia-Pacific, pp. 107-62.
54. Men Honghua, China's Grand Strategy, p. 331.
55. See the remarks of Robert Zoellick to the National Committee on US-China Relations, 'Whither China-From Membership to Responsibility,' September 21, 2005, NBR Analysis, Vol. 16, No. 4 (2005), pp. 5-14.
56. Zheng Bijian, 'China's Peaceful Rise to Great Power Status: Getting the Facts Right,' Foreign Affairs 84, September/October 2005
57. Jie Fang, 'Luelun Zhongguo de heping jueqi,' ('On China's Peaceful Rise'), Lilun Xuekan (Theory Journal), No. 7, 2004, pp. 83-5.
58. On the significance of these, see 'NPC deputy calls for promoting Chinese,' China Daily, March 10, 2006, p. 3.
59. Fei Xiaotong, From the Soil, chapter 5
60. TaekGoo Kang, 'Zhongguo diqu duobian hezuo de dongyin,' ('The Motives Behind China's Participation in Regional Multilateral Cooperation,'), Guoji zhengzhi kexue (Quarterly Journal of International Politics), Vol. 2, No. 1 (2006), pp. 1-27.
61. Mencius I, B, Chapter 5