A multi-criteria approach to screening alternatives for converting sewage sludge to biodiesel

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 412-420

  Pokoo Aikins, Grace ^a   Heath, Aubrey ^a   Mentzer, Ray A ^a   Sam Mannan, M ^a   Rogers, William J ^a   El Halwagi, Mahmoud M ^a  

^a Texas AandM University   (United States)

Author keywords

Biodiesel; Economics; Process integration; Process simulation; Safety metric; Sewage sludge

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL FAT; ASPEN PLUS SOFTWARE; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION; DESIGN STUDIES; DIRECT CONVERSION; EXTRACTION PROCESS; MULTI CRITERIA ANALYSIS; MULTI-CRITERIA APPROACH; POTENTIAL FEEDSTOCK; PRE-TREATMENT; PRETREATMENT PROCESS; PROCESS CONDITION; PROCESS INTEGRATION; PROCESS SIMULATION; REDUCED COST; SAFETY ANALYSIS; SAFETY EVALUATIONS; SAFETY INDEX; SAFETY METRICS; SCALE-UP; SOLVENT-EXTRACTION PROCESS; TECHNO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; TECHNO-ECONOMICS; WASTE OIL; WASTE PRODUCTS;

ACIDS; BIODIESEL; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COST REDUCTION; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; ETHANOL; FATTY ACIDS; FEEDSTOCKS; HEXANE; METHANOL; ORGANIC SOLVENTS; SEWAGE SLUDGE; SOLVENT EXTRACTION; TOLUENE;

OILS AND FATS;

EID: 77951024287     PISSN: 09504230     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2010.01.005     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Boocock D., Konar S., Leung A., and Ly L. Fuels and chemical from sewage sludge: 1. The solvent extraction and composition of a lipid from a raw sewage sludge. Fuel 71 (1992) 1283-1289
2. Chongkhong S., Tongurai C., and Chetpattananondh P. Continuous esterification for biodiesel production from palm fatty acid distillate using economical process. Renewable Energy 34 (2009) 1059-1063
3. Chongkhong S., Tongurai C., Chetpattananondh P., and Bunyakan C. Biodiesel production from palm fatty acid distillate. Biomass and Bioenergy 31 (2007) 563-568
4. Dufreche S., Hernandez R., French T., Sparks D., Zappi M., and Alley E. Extraction of lipids from municipal wastewater plant microorganisms for production of biodiesel. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 81 (2007) 181-187
5. Edwards D.W., and Lawrence D. Assessing the inherent safety of chemical routes: is there a relation between plant cost and inherent safety?. Process Safety and Environmental Protection 71 B4 (1993) 252-258
6. El-Halwagi M.M. Process integration (2006), Elsevier
7. Fisher Ethanol MSDS (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
8. Fisher Toluene MSDS (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
9. Haas M.J., McAloon A.J., Yee W.C., and Foglia T.A. A process model to estimate biodiesel production costs. Bioresource Technology 97 (2006) 671-678
10. Heikkila A.-M., Hurme M., and Jarvelainen M. Safety consideration in process synthesis. Computers and Chemical Engineering 20 (1996) S115-S120
11. Higgins A., Kaplovsky A., and Hunder J.V. Organic composition of aerobic, anaerobic, and compost-stabilized sludges. Journal Water Pollution Control Federation 54 5 (1982) 466-473
12. Hope J. Sewage sludge disposal and utilization study. Document No. 86-01-4101 (1986), Washington State Institute for Public Policy. Accessed 11.05.09
13. HSDB n-Hexane. Animal toxicity studies (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
14. HSDB Toluene. Animal toxicity studies (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
15. ICIS Pricing Ethanol (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
16. ICIS Pricing Hexane (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
17. ICIS Pricing Methanol (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
18. ICIS Pricing Sodium Hydroxide (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
19. ICIS Pricing Toluene (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
20. Israel21c (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
21. Lin K.-L. Minerology and microstructures of sintered sewage sludge ash as lightweight aggregates. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 12 3 (2006) 425-429
22. Mara D., and Horan N.J. The handbook of water and wastewater microbiology (2003), Academic Press, San Diego
23. Marchetti J.M., and Errazu A.F. Esterification of free fatty acids using sulfuric acid as catalyst in the presence of triglycerides. Biomass and Bioenergy 32 (2008) 892-895
24. Mondala A., Liang K., Toghiani H., Hernandez R., and French T. Biodiesel production by in situ transesterification of municipal primary and secondary sludges. Bioresource Technology 100 (2009) 1203-1210
25. Myint L.L., and El-Halwagi M.M. Process analysis and optimization of biodiesel production from soybean oil. Journal of Clean Technology and Environmental Policy 11 3 (2009) 263-276
26. Peters M.S., Timmerhaus K.D., and West R.E. Plant design and economics for chemical engineers. 5th ed. (2003), McGraw-Hill, New York (pp. 242-243)
27. Pokoo-Aikins G., Nadim A., El-Halwagi M.M., and Mahalec V. Design and analysis of biodiesel production from algae grown through carbon sequestration. Journal of Clean Technology and Environmental Policy (2009) 10.1007/s10098-009-0215-6 ISSN:1618-954X (Print), 1618-9558 (Online)
28. Rahman M., Heikkila A.-M., and Hurme M. Comparison of inherent safety indices in process concept evaluation. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 18 (2005) 327-334
29. Richardson M. Environmental xenobiotics (1996), CRC Press, Taylor and Frances
30. Suardin J., Mannan M.S., and El-Halwagi M. The integration of Dow's fire and explosion index (F&EI) into process design and optimization to achieve inherently safer design. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 20 1 (2007) 79-90
31. Sysmex MSDS (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
32. The Innovation Group (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
33. Van Gerpen, J., Shanks, B., Pruszko, R., Clements, D., & Knothe, G. (2004). Biodiesel production technology. NREL/SR-510-36244.
34. WDEL News (2009). Accessed 11.05.09
35. Yaws C.L., Narasimhan P.K., and Gabbula C. Yaws' handbook of antoine coefficients for vapor pressure. 2nd ed. (2005), Knovel, Norwich, NY Accessed electronically through Knovel on 14.09.09