Causal characteristics for ecoepidemiology

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment

Volumn 16, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 53-73

  Cormier, Susan M ^a   Suter, Glenn W ^a   Norton, Susan B ^a  

^a U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

Author keywords

Causal analysis; Causation; Environmental assessment; Environmental evidence; Epidemiology; Hill's criteria; Weight of evidence

Indexed keywords

EID: 77951012602     PISSN: 10807039     EISSN: 15497860     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/10807030903459320     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Bunge M. 1979. Causality and Modern Science, 3rd rev edit. Dover Publications, Inc., New York, NY, USA
2. Cartwright N. 2007. Hunting Causes and Using Them: Approaches in Philosophy and Economics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK
3. Cormier SM and Suter GWI. 2008. A framework for thoroughly integrating environmental assessments. Environ Manage 42:543-56. Available at http://www.springerlink.com/content/n56531j12q33776t/fulltext.pdf
4. Dowe P. 1991. Process causality and asymmetry. Erkenntnis 37:179-96
5. Fox GA. 1991. Practical causal inference for ecoepidemiologists. J Toxicol Environ Health 33:359-74
6. Hale M. 1736. Historia Placitorum Coronae: The History of the Pleas of the Crown. Now First Published from his Lordship's Original Manuscript, and the Several References to the Records Examined by the Originals, with Large Notes. By Sollem Emlyn of Lincoln's Inn, Esq. [London]: Printed by E and R Nutt and R Gosling, Two volumes. Reprinted 2003 by The Lawbook Exchange, Clark, NJ, USA
7. Heath C and Heath D. 2007. Made to Stick: Why Some Ideas Survive and Others Die. Random House, New York, NY, USA
8. Hill AB. 1965. The environment and disease: Association or causation. P Roy Soc Med 58:295300
9. Hume D. 1748. An Inquiry Concerning Human Understanding. Prometheus Books, Amherst, NY, USA
10. NPR (National Public Radio). 2000. All Things Considered. Available at http://www.npr.org/ramfiles/atc/20000519.atc.07.rmm
11. Popper KR. 1968. The Logic of Scientific Discovery. Harper and Row, New York, NY, USA
12. Powers DA. 1980. Molecular ecology of teleost fish hemoglobins: Strategies for adapting to changing environments. Am Zool 20:139-62
13. Riecher A. 2008. Whiskey River encore. Industrial Fire World. Available at http://www.fireworld.com/ifw articles/encore 00.php
14. Salmon W. 1984. Scientific Explanation and the Causal Structure of the World. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, USA
15. Susser M. 1986. Rules of inference in epidemiology. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 6:116-86
16. Suter GW II and Cormier SM. 2008. A theory of practice for environmental assessment. Integr Environ Assess Manage 4:478-85
17. Suter GW II, Norton SB, and Cormier SM. 2002. A methodology for inferring the causes of observed impairments in aquatic ecosystems. Environ Toxicol Chem 21:1101-11
18. Suter GW II, Norton SB, and Cormier SM. 2010. The science and philosophy of a method for assessing environmental causes. HERA (this issue)
19. Taleb NN. 2007. The Black Swan: The Impact of the Improbable. Random House, New York, NY, USA
20. USEPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). 2000. Stressor Identification Guidance Document. EPA/822/B-00/025. Available at http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/biocriteria/stressors/stressorid.pdf
21. Wolff P. 2007. Representing causation. J Experi Psychol 136:82-111