Enhancement of delamination fatigue resistance in carbon nanotube reinforced glass fiber/polymer composites

Composites Science and Technology

Volumn 70, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 901-908

  Grimmer, Christopher S ^a   Dharan, C K H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

A. Carbon nanotubes; A. Nanocomposites; A. Polymer matrix composites (PMCs); B. Fatigue; B. Fracture; C. Delamination; C. Laminate

Indexed keywords

A. CARBON NANOTUBES; A. POLYMER-MATRIX COMPOSITES (PMCS); B. FATIGUE; B. FRACTURE; C. DELAMINATION;

CARBON FIBERS; CARBON NANOTUBES; CRACK PROPAGATION; CRACKS; DATA FLOW ANALYSIS; DELAMINATION; FATIGUE OF MATERIALS; FRACTURE; GLASS; HIGH RESOLUTION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (MWCN); NANOCOMPOSITES; POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; STEEL SHEET; STRAIN ENERGY; STRAIN RATE;

FRACTURE TOUGHNESS;

CARBON; COMPOSITE PROPERTY; CRACKING; DELAMINATION; FATIGUE; FIBER REINFORCED COMPOSITE; GLASS FIBER; LAMINATE; LOADING (TESTING); NANOCOMPOSITE; NANOTUBE; POLYMER; STRAIN;

EID: 77950935468     PISSN: 02663538     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2010.02.001     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Devitt D.F., Schapery R.A., Bradley W.L. A method for determining mode I delamination fracture toughness of elastic and viscoelastic composite materials. J Compos Mater 1980, 14:270-285.
2. Whitney J.M., Browning C.E., Hoogsteden W. A double cantilever beam test for characterizing mode I delamination of composite materials. J Reinf Plast Compos 1982, 1:297-313.
3. Saghizadeh H., Dharan C.K.H. Delamination fracture toughness of graphite and aramid epoxy composites. J Eng Mater Technol 1986, 108:290-295.
4. Barber A.H., Cohen S.R., Kenig S., Wagner H.D. Interfacial fracture energy measurements for multi-walled carbon nanotubes pulled from a polymer matrix. Compos Sci Technol 2004, 64:2283-2289.
5. Desai A.V., Haque M.A. Mechanics of the interface for carbon nanotube-polymer composites. Thin-Wall Struct 2005, 43:1787-1803.
6. Frankland S.J.V., Harik V.M. Analysis of carbon nanotube pull-out from a polymer matrix. Surf Sci 2003, 525:L103-L108.
7. Frankland S.J.V., Harik V.M. Simulation of carbon nanotube pull-out when bonded to a polymer matrix. Mater Res Soc Symp Proc 2003, 740:I12.1.1-I12.1.6.
8. Kao CC, Young RJ. Modeling the stress transfer between carbon nanotubes and a polymer matrix during cyclic deformation. In: IUTAM symposium on modelling nanomaterials and nanosystems, vol. 1; 2009. p. 211-20.
9. Tai N.H., Yeh M.K., Liu J.H. Enhancement of the mechanical properties of carbon nano tube/phenolic composites using a carbon nanotube network as the reinforcement. Carbon 2004, 42:2774-2777.
10. Zhang J., He C. A three-phase cylindrical shear-lag model for carbon nanotube composites. Acta Mech 2008, 196:33-54.
11. Qiu J., Zhang C., Wang B., Liang R. Carbon nanotube integrated multifunctional multiscale composites. Nanotechnology 2007, 18:275708.1-275708.11.
12. Wichmann M.H.G., Sumfleth J., Gojny F.H., Quaresimin M., Fiedler B., Schulte K. Glass-fibre-reinforced composites with enhanced mechanical and electrical properties - benefits and limitations of a nanoparticle modified matrix. Eng Fract Mech 2006, 73:2346-2359.
13. Zhu J., Imam A., Crane R., Lozano K., Khabashesku V.N., Barrera E.V. Processing a glass fiber reinforced vinyl ester composite with nanotube enhancement of interlaminar shear strength. Compos Sci Technol 2007, 67:1509-1517.
14. Thakre PR, Lagoudas DC, Zhu J, Barrera EV, Gates TS. Processing and characterization of epoxy/SWCNT/woven fabric composites. In: Proceedings AIAA structures, structural dynamics, and materials conference, vol. 47; AIAA Paper 2006-1857:2006.
15. Adhikari K, Hubert P, Simard B, Johnson A. Effect of the localized application of SWNT modified epoxy on the interlaminar shear strength of carbon fibre laminates. In: Proceedings AIAA structures, structural dynamics, and materials conference, vol. 47; AIAA Paper 2006-1855:2006.
16. Kowbel W., Bruce C., Withers J.C., Ransone P.O. Effect of carbon fabric whiskerization on mechanical properties of C-C composites. Composites Part A 1997, 28A:993-1000.
17. Thostenson E.T., Li W.Z., Wang D.Z., Ren Z.F., Chou T.W. Carbon nanotube/carbon fiber hybrid multiscale composites. J Appl Phys 2002, 91:6034-6037.
18. Garcia E.J., Wardle B.L., Hart A.J., Yamamoto N. Fabrication and multifunctional properties of a hybrid laminate with aligned carbon nanotubes grown in situ. Compos Sci Technol 2008, 68:2034-2041.
19. Bekyarova E., Thostenson E.T., Yu A., Kim H., Gao J., Tank J., et al. Multiscale carbon nanotube-carbon fiber reinforcement for advanced epoxy composites. Langmuir 2007, 23:3970-3974.
20. Veedu V.P., Cao A., Li X., Ma K., Soldano C., Kar S., et al. Multifunctional composites using reinforced laminae with carbon-nanotube forests. Nat Mater 2006, 5:457-462.
21. Garcia E.J., Wardle B.L. Hart AJ Joining prepreg composite interfaces with aligned carbon nanotubes. Composites Part A 2008, 39:1065-1070.
22. Penado F.E. A closed form solution for the energy-release rate of the double cantilever beam specimen with an adhesive layer. J Compos Mater 1993, 27:383-407.
23. Alfano G., Crisfield M.A. Finite element interface models for the delamination analysis of laminated composites: mechanical and computational issues. Int J Numer Meth Eng 2001, 50:1701-1736.
24. Wang S.S., Miyase A. Interlaminar fatigue crack growth in random short-fiber SMC composite. J Compos Mater 1986, 20:439-456.
25. Wang S.S., Suemasu H., Zahlan N.M. Interlaminar fracture of random short-fiber SMC composite. J Compos Mater 1984, 18:574-594.
26. Grassi M., Zhang X. Finite element analyses of mode I interlaminar delamination in z-fibre reinforced composite laminates. Compos Sci Technol 2003, 63:1815-1832.
27. Grimmer C.S., Dharan C.K.H. High-cycle fatigue of hybrid carbon nanotube/glass fiber/polymer composites. J Mater Sci 2008, 43:4487-4492.
28. Ganguli S., Aglan H. Effect of loading and surface modification of MWCNTs on the fracture behavior of epoxy nanocomposites. J Reinf Plast Compos 2006, 25:175-188.
29. Gojny F.H., Wichmann M.H.G., Fiedler B., Bauhofer W., Schulte K. Influence of nano-modification on the mechanical and electrical properties of conventional fibre-reinforced composites. Composites Part A 2005, 36:1525-1535.
30. Kim J.A., Seong D.G., Kang T.J., Youn J.R. Effects of surface modification on rheological and mechanical properties of CNT/epoxy composites. Carbon 2006, 44:1898-1905.
31. Gurney C., Hunt J. Quasi-static crack propagation. Proc Roy Soc Lond, Sec A 1967, 299:508-524.
32. Paris P., Erdogan F. Critical analysis of crack propagation laws. J Basic Eng, Trans ASME 1963, 85:528-534.
33. Hwang W., Han K.S. Interlaminar fracture behavior and fiber bridging of glass-epoxy composite under mode I static and cyclic loading. J Compos Mater 1989, 23:396-430.
34. Schadler L.S., Giannaris S.C., Ajayan P.M. Load transfer in carbon nanotube epoxy composites. Appl Phys Lett 1998, 73:3842-3844.
35. Wagner H.D., Lourie O., Feldman Y., Tenne R. Stress-induced fragmentation of multiwall carbon nanotubes in a polymer matrix. Appl Phys Lett 1998, 72:188-190.
36. Lordi V., Yao N. Molecular mechanics of binding in carbon-nanotube-polymer composites. J Mater Res 2000, 15:2770-2779.
37. Jiang H., Liu B., Huang Y., Hwang K.C. Thermal expansion of single wall carbon nanotubes. J Eng Mater Technol 2004, 126:265-270.
38. Wong M., Paramsothy M., Xu X.J., Ren Y., Li S., Liao K. Physical interactions at carbon nanotube-polymer interface. Polymer 2003, 44:7757-7764.
39. Budiansky B., Hutchinson J.W., Evans A.G. Matrix fracture in fiber reinforced ceramics. J Mech Phys Solids 1986, 34:167-189.
40. Aveston J., Kelly A. Theory of multiple fracture of fibrous composites. J Mater Sci 1973, 8:352-362.
41. Kelly A., Tyson W.R. Tensile properties of fiber-reinforced metals-copper/tungsten and copper/molybdenum. J Mech Phys Solids 1965, 13:329-350.
42. Demczyk B.G., Wang Y.M., Cummings J., Hetman M., Han W., Zettl A., et al. Direct mechanical measurement of the tensile strength and elastic modulus of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Mater Sci Eng A 2002, 334:173-178.
43. Yakobson B.I., Smalley R.E. Fullerene nanotubes: C-1000000 and beyond. Am Sci 1997, 85:324-334.
44. Bazhenov S.L. Interlaminar and intralaminar fracture modes in 0/90 cross-ply glass epoxy laminate. Composites 1995, 26:125-133.