Human resource and funding constraints for essential surgery in district hospitals in africa: A retrospective cross-sectional survey

PLoS Medicine

Volumn 7, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 1-11

  Kruk, Margaret E ^a   Wladis, Andreas ^b   Mbembati, Naboth ^c   Ndao Brumblay, S Khady ^d   Hsia, Renee Y ^e   Galukande, Moses ^f   Luboga, Sam ^f   Matovu, Alphonsus ^g   de Miranda, Helder ^h   Ozgediz, Doruk ⁱ   Quiñones, Ana Romàn ^a   Rockers, Peter C ^j   von Schreeb, Johan ^k   Vaz, Fernando ^l   Debas, Haile T ^m   Macfarlane, Sarah B ^m  

^a Mailman School of Public Health   (United States)

^b STOCKHOLM SÖDER HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

^c MUHIMBILI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES   (Tanzania)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^f MAKERERE UNIVERSITY   (Uganda)

^g Kamuli Mission Hospital   (Uganda)

^h Ilha de Moc mbique   (Mozambique)

ⁱ HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN   (Canada)

^j UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

^k KAROLINSKA INSTITUTE   (Sweden)

^l Higher Institute of Health Sciences   (Mozambique)

^m UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; ANESTHESIA INDUCTION; ARTICLE; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY; FUNDING; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HEALTH ECONOMICS; HEALTH SERVICE; HOSPITAL CARE; HOSPITAL RUNNING COST; HUMAN; MEDICAL SPECIALIST; OBSTETRIC OPERATION; PERSONNEL SHORTAGE; PUBLIC HOSPITAL; RESOURCE ALLOCATION; SURGEON; AFRICA; ANESTHESIA; ECONOMICS; HEALTH CARE FACILITY; HEALTH CARE MANPOWER; HEALTH CARE PLANNING; HOSPITAL DEPARTMENT; MANPOWER; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; STATISTICS;

AFRICA; ANESTHESIA; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES; HEALTH FACILITIES; HEALTH MANPOWER; HEALTH PERSONNEL; HEALTH RESOURCES; HOSPITALS, DISTRICT; HUMANS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SURGERY DEPARTMENT, HOSPITAL;

EID: 77950683574     PISSN: 15491277     EISSN: 15491676     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000242     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Patel V, Kleinman A (2003) Poverty and common mental disorders in developing countries. Bull World Health Organ 81: 609-615.
2. Todd C, Patel V, Simunyu E, Gwanzura F, Acuda W, et al. (1999) The onset of common mental disorders in primary care attenders in Harare, Zimbabwe. Psychol Med 29: 97.
3. Lett RR, Kobusingye OC, Ekwaru P (2006) Burden of injury during the complex political emergency in northern Uganda. Can J Surg 49: 51-57.
4. Lopez AD, Mathers CD, Ezzati M, Jamison DT, Murray CJ (2006) Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet 367: 1747-1757.
5. Luboga S, Macfarlane SB, von Schreeb J, Kruk ME, Cherian MN, et al. (2009) Increasing access to surgical services in sub-saharan Africa: priorities for national and international agencies recommended by the Bellagio Essential Surgery Group. PLoS Med 6: e1000200. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000200.
6. Ouro-Bang'na Maman AF, Kabore RA, Zoumenou E, Gnassingbe K, Chobli M (2009) Anesthesia for children in Sub-Saharan Africa-a description of settings, common presenting conditions, techniques and outcomes. Paediatr Anaesth 19: 5-11.
7. Mock C, Nguyen S, Quansah R, Arreola-Risa C, Viradia R, et al. (2006) Evaluation of Trauma Care capabilities in four countries using the WHO-IATSIC Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care. World J Surg 30: 946-956.
8. Debas H, Gosselin R, McCord C, Thind A (2006) Surgery. In: Jamison D, editor. Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 1245-1258.
9. Nordberg E, Mwobobia I, Muniu E (2002) Major and minor surgery output at district level in Kenya: review and issues in need of further research. Afr J Health Sci 9: 17-25.
10. Prytherch H, Massawe S, Kuelker R, Hunger C, Mtatifikolo F, et al. (2007) The unmet need for emergency obstetric care in Tanga Region, Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 7: 16.
11. Lavy C, Tindall A, Steinlechner C, Mkandawire N, Chimangeni S (2007) Surgery in Malawi - a national survey of activity in rural and urban hospitals. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 89: 722-724.
12. Weiser TG, Regenbogen SE, Thompson KD, Haynes AB, Lipsitz SR, et al. (2008) An estimation of the global volume of surgery: a modelling strategy based on available data. Lancet 372: 139-144.
13. WHO (2006) World Health Report 2006: working together for health. Geneva: WHO.
14. Simba DO, Mbembati NA, Museru LM, Lema LE (2008) Referral pattern of patients received at the national referral hospital: challenges in low income countries. East Afr J Public Health 5: 6-9.
15. Ozgediz D, Galukande M, Mabweijano J, Kijjambu S, Mijumbi C, et al. (2008) The neglect of the global surgical workforce: experience and evidence from Uganda. World J Surg 32: 1208-1215.
16. Mullan F, Frehywot S (2007) Non-physician clinicians in 47 sub-Saharan African countries. Lancet 370: 2158-2163.
17. Chilopora G, Pereira C, Kamwendo F, Chimbiri A, Malunga E, et al. (2007) Postoperative outcome of caesarean sections and other major emergency obstetric surgery by clinical officers and medical officers in Malawi. Human Resources for Health 5: 17.
18. Vaz F, Bergstrom S, da Luz Vaz M, Langa J, Bugalho A (1999) Training medical assistants for surgery. Bull World Health Organ 77: 688-690.
19. Cumbi A, Pereira C, Malalane R, Vaz F, McCord C, et al. (2007) Major surgery delegation to mid-level health practitioners in Mozambique: health professionals' perceptions. Hum Resour Health 5: 27.
20. Pereira C, Cumbi A, Malalane R, Vaz F, McCord C, et al. (2007) Meeting the need for emergency obstetric care in Mozambique: work performance and histories of medical doctors and assistant medical officers trained for surgery. Bjog 114: 1530-1533.
21. (2006) Disease control priorities in developing countries. 2nd edition. New York: Oxford University Press.
22. McCord C, Chowdhury Q (2003) A cost effective small hospital in Bangladesh: what it can mean for emergency obstetric care. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 81: 83-92.
23. Gosselin RA, Thind A, Bellardinelli A (2006) Cost/DALY averted in a small hospital in Sierra Leone: what is the relative contribution of different services? World J Surg 30: 505-511.
24. Laxminarayan R, Mills AJ, Breman JG, Measham AR, Alleyne G, et al. (2006) Advancement of global health: key messages from the Disease Control Priorities Project. Lancet 367: 1193-1208.
25. Mathers CD, Loncar D (2006) Projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030. PLoS Med 3: e442. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030442.
26. Schieber GJ, Gottret P, Fleisher LK, Leive AA (2007) Financing global health: mission unaccomplished. Health Aff 26: 921-934.
27. Sachs JD (2004) Health in the developing world: achieving the Millennium Development Goals. Bull World Health Organ 82: 947-949; discussion 950-942.
28. Michaud C (2003) Development Assistance for Health (DAH): recent trends and resource allocation. Geneva: WHO.
29. Galukande M, Schreeb Jv, Wladis A, Mbembati N, De Miranda H, Kruk M, et al. Essential surgery at the district hospital: evidence from three African countries. PLOS Med 7: e1000243. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000243.
30. IMF (2006) World Economic Outlook database. Washington (D.C.): IMF.
31. SPSS Inc. (2001) SPSS for Windows, Rel. 11.0.1.Chicago: SPSS Inc. 740.
32. Microsoft Corp. (2007) Microsoft Excel 2008. 12.1.2 ed. Redmond (Washington): Microsoft.
33. Pereira C, Bugalho A, Bergstrom S, Vaz F, Cotiro M (1996) A comparative study of caesarean deliveries by assistant medical officers and obstetricians in Mozambique. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 103: 508-512.
34. Kruk ME, Pereira C, Vaz F, Bergstrom S, Galea S (2007) Economic evaluation of surgically trained assistant medical officers in performing major obstetric surgery in Mozambique. BJOG 114: 1253-1260.
35. Heywood AJ, Wilson IH, Sinclair JR (1989) Perioperative mortality in Zambia. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 71: 354-358.
36. Ouro-Bang'na Maman AF, Tomta K, Ahouangbevi S, Chobli M (2005) Deaths associated with anaesthesia in Togo, West Africa. Trop Doct 35: 220-222.
37. Kinfu Y, Dal Poz MR, Mercer H, Evans D (2009) The health worker shortage in Africa: are enough physicians and nurses being trained? Bull World Health Organ 87: 225-230.
38. Harling G, Bekker LG, Wood R (2007) Cost of a dedicated ART clinic. S Afr Med J 97: 593-596.
39. Onwujekwe O, Dike N, Chukwuka C, Uzochukwu B, Onyedum C, et al. (2008) Examining catastrophic costs and benefit incidence of subsidized antiretroviral treatment (ART) programme in south-east Nigeria. Health Policy 24: 24.
40. World Health Organization (2008) Mid-level health workers. The state of the evidence on programmes, activities, costs and impact on health outcomes. A literature review. Geneva: WHO.
41. US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2008) The World Factbook online. Washington (D.C): CIA. 41. US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (2008) The World Factbook online. Washington (D.C): CIA. Available: http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/?the-world-factbook/.