Emulsification of heavy crude oil in water for pipeline transportation

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

Volumn 71, Issue 3-4, 2010, Pages 205-211

  Ashrafizadeh, S N ^a   Kamran, M ^a  

^a IRAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Iran)

Author keywords

Crude oil; Emulsion; Pipeline; Stability; Surfactant; Triton X 100; Viscosity

Indexed keywords

AQUEOUS PHASE; CRUDE OIL EMULSION; EMULSION STABILITY; HEAVY CRUDE OIL; HEAVY OIL; HOMOGENIZATION PROCESS; IRANIAN HEAVY CRUDE OIL; OIL CONTENTS; PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION; SALT CONCENTRATION; SURFACTANT CONCENTRATIONS; SURFACTANT TRITON-X; TRITON X-100; WATER IN OIL EMULSIONS;

CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); CRUDE OIL; EMULSIFICATION; EMULSIONS; HEAVY WATER; HOMOGENIZATION METHOD; PIPELINE TERMINALS; PIPELINES; STABILITY; SURFACE ACTIVE AGENTS; VISCOMETERS; VISCOSITY; WATER CONTENT;

PETROLEUM TRANSPORTATION;

BITUMEN; CRUDE OIL; DIESEL; EMULSION; HEAVY OIL; OIL PIPELINE; PH; SURFACTANT; VISCOSITY;

EID: 77950667784     PISSN: 09204105     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.petrol.2010.02.005     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Ahmed N.S., Nassar A.M., Zaki N.N., Gharieb H.Kh. Formation of fluid heavy oil-in-water emulsions for pipeline transportation. J. Fuel 1999, 78:593-600.
2. Briceno, M., Isabel, R.M., Bullón, J., Salager, J.L., 1997. Customizing drop size distribution to change emulsion viscosity, 2nd world congress on emulsion - 2ème Congrès Mondial de l'Emulsion CME2, Bordeaux, France, paper 2-1-094.
3. Chilingar G.V., Yen T.F. Enhanced recovery of residual and heavy oils 1980, 403-418. Noyes Data Corporation, Park Ridge, NJ. 2nd ed. M.M. Schumacher (Ed.).
4. Eirong J.I., Lempe D.A. Calculation of viscosities of liquid mixtures using Eyring's theory in combination with cubic equations of state. Chin. J. Chem. Eng. 2006, 14(6):770-779.
5. Gregoli, A.A., Hamshar, J.A., Olah, A.M., Riley, C.J., Rimmer, D.P., 2006. Preparation of stable crude oil transport emulsions, Us Patent No 4,725,287.
6. Iona, M., 1978. Process for producing low-density low sulfur crude oil, US Patent No 4,092,238.
7. Iranian Institute of Standards & Industrial Research, 2008. Iranian national standards of mineral and constructional materials, Report No 126, Serial No 00203663.
8. Langevin D., Poteau S., Henaut I., Argillier J.F. Crude oil emulsion properties and their application to heavy oil transportation. Oil Gas Sci. Tech. Rev. IFP 2004, 59(5):511-521.
9. Lappin G.R., Saur J.D. Alpha Olefins Applications Handbook 1989, CRC Press, New York.
10. Layrisse,R., 1998. Viscous hydrocarbon-in-water emulsions, US Patent No 4,795,478.
11. Lidietta G., Li N., Drioli E. Reparation of oil-in-water emulsions using polyamide 10kDa hollow fiber membrane. J. Membr. Sci. 2003, 217:173-180.
12. Lin C.Y., Chen L.W. Emulsification characteristics of three and two-phase emulsions prepared by the ultrasonic emulsification method. J. Fuel Process. Tech. 2006, 87:309-317.
13. MacWilliams, M.A., Eadie, W., 1993. Process and apparatus for partial upgrading, Canadian Patent No 1313639.
14. Martinez A.E., Intevep S.A., Arirachakaran S., Shoham O., Brill J.P. Prediction of dispersion viscosity of oil/water mixture flow in horizontal pipes. SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Texas 1998, 427-438.
15. NIOC-RIPI PVT department report, 2005. West Paydar reservoir, reservoir well #4, report No 45460156.
16. Pal R., Yan Y., Masliyah J.H. Emulsions Fundamentals and Applications in the Petroleum Industry 1992, 141-145. American Chemical Society, Washington DC. L.L. Schramm (Ed.).
17. Plegue T.H., Frank S.G., Zakin J.L. Studies of water-continuous emulsions of heavy crude oils prepared by alkali treatment. SPE Prod. Eng. 1989, 4(2):181-183.
18. Poynter, G., Tigrina, S., 1970. Pipelining O/W mixtures, US Patent No 3,519,006.
19. Sakka S. Sol-gel science and technology topics in fundamental research and applications. Sol-Gel Prepared Ferroelectrics and Related Materials 2002, vol. 1:33-35. Kluwer academic publisher, New York.
20. Saniere A., Hénaut I., Argillier J.F. Pipeline transportation of heavy oils, a strategic, economic and technological challenge. Oil Gas Sci. Tech. Rev. IFP 2004, 59(5):455-466.
21. Srijaroonrat P., Julien E., Aurelle Y. Unstable secondary oil/water emulsion treatment using ultrafiltration, fouling control by back flushing. J. Membr. Sci. 1999, 159:11-20.
22. Stachurski J., Micha?ek M. The effect of the ? potential on the stability of a non-polar oil-in-water emulsion. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 184(2):433-436.
23. Titus, P.E., 1973. Pipeline transportation of waxy products, US Patent No 3,776,248.
24. Yan N., Masliyah J.H. Demulsification of solids-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions. J. Colloids Surf., A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 1998, 11:15-20.
25. Yang F., Niu Q., Lan Q., Sun D. Effect of dispersion pH on the formation and stability of pickering emulsions stabilized by layered double hydroxides particles. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2007, 306(2):285-295.
26. Zaki N. Surfactant stabilized crude oil-in-water emulsions for pipeline transportation of viscous crude oils. Colloids Surf., A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 1997, 125(1):19-25.