Quantifying human exposure to contaminants for multiple-barrier water reuse systems

Water Science and Technology

Volumn 61, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 77-83

  Khan, S J ^a   McDonald, J A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES   (Australia)

Author keywords

N nitrosamines; NDMA; Probability density functions; Risk assessment; Trihalomethanes

Indexed keywords

POTABLE WATER; PROBABILITY DENSITY FUNCTION; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK MANAGEMENT; WASTEWATER RECLAMATION; WATER CONSERVATION; WATER SUPPLY; WATER TREATMENT;

ADVANCED TREATMENT; ADVANCED WATER TREATMENT PROCESS; AUSTRALIA; DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; HUMAN EXPOSURES; N-NITROSAMINES; NDMA; OPTIMAL CONDITIONS; SAFE DRINKING WATER; STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES; TREATMENT PROCESS; TRIHALOMETHANES; WATER REUSE;

WATER RECYCLING;

DRINKING WATER; NITROSAMINE; TRIHALOMETHANE; CHLOROFORM;

ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY; DISINFECTION; DRINKING WATER; ENZYME ACTIVITY; HEALTH RISK; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; OSMOSIS; PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; PROBABILITY; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; RECYCLING; RISK ASSESSMENT;

AUSTRALIA; CONFERENCE PAPER; DISINFECTION; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; HUMAN; PROBABILITY; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; REVERSE OSMOSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; TECHNIQUE; WASTE WATER RECYCLING; WATER CONTAMINATION; WATER TREATMENT; ARTICLE; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; EQUIPMENT; METHODOLOGY; STANDARD; STATISTICS; WATER SUPPLY;

AUSTRALIA;

AUSTRALIA; CHLOROFORM; CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES; DISINFECTION; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; EQUIPMENT CONTAMINATION; HUMANS; PROBABILITY; RISK ASSESSMENT; WATER SUPPLY;

EID: 77950347266     PISSN: 02731223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.2166/wst.2010.760     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. De Mul, A., Bakker, M. I., Zeilmaker, M. J., Traag, W. A., van Leeuwen, S. P. J., Hoogenboom, R., Boon, P. E. & van Klaveren, J. D. 2008 Dietary exposure to dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in The Netherlands anno 2004. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 51(3), 278-287.
2. Djohan, D., Yu, J., Connell, D. & Christensen, E. 2007 Health risk assessment of chlorobenzenes in the air of residential houses using probabilistic techniques. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A. 70(19), 1594-1603.
3. Eisenberg, D., Soller, J., Sakaji, R. & Olivieri, A. 2001 A methodology to evaluate water and wastewater treatment plant reliability. Water Sci. Technol. 43(10), 91-99.
4. Glorennec, P., Bemrah, N., Tard, A., Robin, A., Le Bot, B. & Bard, D. 2007 Probabilistic modeling of young children's overall lead exposure in France: integrated approach for various exposure media. Environ. Int. 33(7), 937-945.
5. Haas, C. N. & Trussell, R. R. 1998 Frameworks for assessing reliability of multiple, independent barriers in potable water reuse. Water Sci. Technol. 38(6), 1-8.
6. Khan, S. J. 2009 Quantitative Chemical Exposure Assessment for Water Recycling Schemes, National Water Commission, Canberra, Australia (In Press).
7. Lester, R. R., Green, L. C. & Linkov, I. 2007 Site-specific applications of probabilistic health risk assessment: review of the literature since 2000. Risk Anal. 27(3), 635-658.
8. Olivieri, A., Eisenberg, D., Soller, J., Eisenberg, J., Cooper, R., Tchobanoglous, G., Trussell, R. & Gagliardo, P. 1999 Estimation of pathogen removal in an advanced water treatment facility using Monte Carlo simulation. Water Sci. Technol. 40(4-5), 223-234.
9. Paustenbach, D. J. 2000 The practice of exposure assessment: a state-of-the-art review (Reprinted from principles and methods of toxicology, 4th edition, 2001). J. Toxicol. Environ. Health B. 3(3), 179-291.
10. Sakaji, R. H., Hultquist, R., Olivieri, A., Soller, J., Trussell, R. & Crook, J. 1998 Wither the multiple treatment barrier? In Proceedings of Water Reuse 98. American Water Works Association and the Water Environment Federation, Lake Buena Vista, Florida, pp. 95-108.
11. Tanaka, H., Asano, T., Schroeder, E. D. & Tchobanoglous, G. 1998 Estimating the safety of wastewater reclamation and reuse using enteric virus monitoring data. Water Environ. Res. 70(1), 39-51.
12. US Environmental Protection Agency 1997 Guiding Principles for Monte Carlo Analysis. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC.
13. Wang, G. S., Deng, Y. C. & Lin, T. F. 2007 Cancer risk assessment from trihalomethanes in drinking water. Sci. Total Environ. 387(1-3), 86-95.