Pregnancy, contraceptive use, and HIV acquisition in HPTN 039: Relevance for HIV prevention trials among African women

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Volumn 53, Issue 5, 2010, Pages 606-613

  Reid, Stewart E ^a,b   Dai, James Y ^c   Wang, Jing ^c   Sichalwe, Bupe N ^a   Akpomiemie, Godspower ^d   Cowan, Frances M ^e   Delany Moretlwe, Sinead ^d   Baeten, Jared M ^f   Hughes, James P ^f   Wald, Anna ^f   Celum, Connie ^f  

^a CENTRE FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASE RESEARCH IN ZAMBIA   (Zambia)

^b University of Alabama at Birmingham   (United States)

^c Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND   (South Africa)

^e ROYAL FREE AND UNIVERSITY COLLEGE MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

^f UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

Africa; Contraception; HIV prevention; HIV risk factors; HSV 2; Pregnancy; Prevention trials

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AFRICA; AGE; ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONDOM; CONTRACEPTION; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS 2; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INCIDENCE; INFECTION PREVENTION; INFECTION RISK; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; NONHUMAN; PREGNANCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; VAGINITIS; ZAMBIA; ZIMBABWE;

ADULT; AFRICA SOUTH OF THE SAHARA; CONTRACEPTION; FEMALE; HIV; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS, INFECTIOUS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; RISK FACTORS; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 77950267975     PISSN: 15254135     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3181bc4869     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Macqueen KM, Johnson L, Alleman P, et al. Pregnancy prevention practices among women with multiple partners in an HIV prevention trial. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2007;46:32-38.
2. Raymond EG, Taylor D, Cates W, et al. Pregnancy in effectiveness trials of HIV prevention agents. Sex Transm Dis. 2007;34:1035-1039
3. Lagakos SW, Gable AR, eds. Methodological Challenges in Biomedical HIV Prevention Trials. Institute of Medicine. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press 2008.
4. Gray RH, Li X, Kigozi G, et al. Increased risk of incident HIV during pregnancy in Rakai, Uganda: a prospective study. Lancet. 2005;366: 1182-1188.
5. Baeten JM, Lavreys L, Overbaugh J. The influence of hormonal contraceptive use on HIV-1 transmission and disease progression. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;45:360-369.
6. Celum C, Wald A, Hughes J, et al. Effect of aciclovir on HIV-1 acquisition in herpes simplex virus 2 seropositive women and men who have sex with men: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2008; 371:2109-2119.
7. Kleinbaum D, Klein M, et al. Survival Analysis: A Self-Learning Text. 2nd ed. New York: Springer; 2005.
8. Lin D, Wei LJ, Yang I, et al. Semiparametric regression for the mean and rate functions of recurrent events. J R Stat Soc. 2000;62:711-730.
9. Nugent RP, Krohn MA, Hillier SL, et al. Reliability of diagnosing bacterial vaginosis is improved by a standardized method of gram stain interpretation. J Clin Microbiol. 1991;29:297-301.
10. Skoler-Karpoff S, Ramjee G, Ahmed K, et al. Efficacy of Carraguard for prevention of HIV infection in women in South Africa: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2008;372:1977-1987.
11. Salim Abdool Karim AC, Richardson B, Ramjee G, et al. Safety and effectiveness of vaginal microbicides buffer gel and 0.5% PRO 2000/5 gel for the prevention of HIV Infection in women: results of the HPTN 035 trial. Oral Abstract 48LB, 16th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections; February 8-11, 2009; Montreal, Canada.
12. Petersen L, Taylor D, Roddy R, et al. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for prevention of HIV infection in women: a phase 2, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. PLoS Clin Trials. 2007;2:e27.
13. Lagakos SW, Gable AR. Challenges to HIV prevention-seeking effective measures in the absence of a vaccine. N Engl J Med. 2008;358: 1543-1545.
14. Stone KM, Reiff-Eldridge R, White AD, et al. Pregnancy outcomes following systemic prenatal acyclovir exposure: conclusions from the international acyclovir pregnancy registry, 1984-1999. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2004;70:201-207
15. Department of Reproductive Health and Research FaCH, ed. Selected Practice Recommendations for Contraceptive Use. 2nd ed. World Health Organization; 2004.
16. Morrison CS, Wang J, Van Der Pol B, et al. Pregnancy and the risk of HIV-1 acquisition among women in Uganda and Zimbabwe. AIDS. 2007;21: 1027-1034.
17. Baeten JM, Benki S, Chohan V, et al. Hormonal contraceptive use, herpes simplex virus infection, and risk of HIV-1 acquisition among Kenyan women. AIDS. 2007;21:1771-1777.
18. Atashili J, Poole C, Ndumbe PM, et al. Bacterial vaginosis and HIV acquisition: a meta-analysis of published studies. AIDS. 2008;22: 1493-1501.
19. Aboud S, Msamanga G, Read JS, et al. Genital tract infections among HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi, Tanzania and Zambia. Int J STD AIDS. 2008;12:824-832