The formation of wrinkles in single-layer graphene sheets under nanoindentation

Journal of Physics Condensed Matter

Volumn 22, Issue 14, 2010, Pages

  Gil, A J ^a   Adhikari, S ^a   Scarpa, F ^b   Bonet, J ^a  

^a SWANSEA UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EDGE EFFECT; ENERGY FUNCTIONALS; EXTERNAL PRESSURES; GEOMETRICAL EFFECT; GRAPHENE SHEETS; HYPER-ELASTICITY; HYPERELASTIC THEORY; MEMBRANE TENSION; MEMBRANE THEORY; MODEL-BASED; SINGLE LAYER;

GRAPHITE; NANOINDENTATION;

GRAPHENE;

EID: 77950212269     PISSN: 09538984     EISSN: 1361648X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/14/145302     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Meyer J C, Geim A K, Katsnelson M I, Novoselov K S, Booth T J and Roth S 2007 The structure of suspended graphene sheets Nature 446 60-3
2. Shenoy V B, Reddy C D, Ramasubramaniam A and Zhang Y 2008 Edge-stress-induced warping of graphene sheets and nanoribbons Phys. Rev. Lett. 101 245501
3. Huang B, Liu M, Su N, Wu J, Duan W, Gu B L and Liu F 2009 Quantum manifestations of graphene edge stress and edge instability: a first-principles study Phys. Rev. Lett. 102 166404
4. Garcia-Sanchez D, van der Zande A M, Paulo A S, Lassagne B, McEuen P L and Bachtold A 2008 Imaging mechanical vibrations in suspended graphene sheets Nano Lett. 8 1399-403
5. Cranford S, Sen D and Buehler M J 2009 Meso-origami: folding multilayer graphene sheets Appl. Phys. Lett. 95 123121
6. Fasolino A, Los J H and Katsnelson M I 2007 Intrinsic ripples in graphene Nat. Mater. 6 858-61
7. Thompson-Flagg R C, Moura M J B and Marder M 2009 Rippling of graphene Eur. Phys. Lett. 85 46002
8. Baskes M, Angelo J and Bisson C 1994 Atomistic calculations of composite interfaces iUTAM Symp. on Computational Mechanics of Materials (Providence, RI, June 1993) Modell. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 2 505-18
9. Elias D C, Nair R R, Mohiuddin T M G, Morozov S V, Blake P, Halsall M P, Ferrari A C, Boukhvalov D W, Katsnelson M I, Geim A K and Novoselov K S 2009 Control of graphene's properties by reversible hydrogenation: evidence for graphane Science 323 610-3
10. Sofo J O, Chaudhari A S and Barber G D 2007 Graphane: a two-dimensional hydrocarbon Phys. Rev. B 75 153401
11. Jensen K, Kim K and Zettl A 2008 An atomic-resolution nanomechanical mass sensor Nat. Nanotechnol. 3 533-7
12. Arsat R, Breedon M, Shafiei M, Spizziri P G, Gilje S, Kaner R B, Kalantar-Zadeh K and Wlodarski W 2009 Graphene-like nano-sheets for surface acoustic wave gas sensor applications Chem. Phys. Lett. 467 344-7
13. Sakhaee-Pour A, Ahmadian M T and Vafai A 2008 Potential application of single-layered graphene sheet as strain sensor Solid State Commun. 147 336-40
14. Rangel N L and Seminario J A 2008 Graphene terahertz generators for molecular circuits and sensors J. Phys. Chem. A 112 13699-705
15. Mohanty N and Berry V 2008 Graphene-based single-bacterium resolution biodevice and DNA transistor: interfacing graphene derivatives with nanoscale and microscale biocomponents Nano Lett. 8 4469-76
16. Moradian R, Mohammadi Y and Ghobadi N 2008 Investigation of gas sensing properties of armchair graphene nanoribbons J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 20 425211
17. Sakhaee-Pour A, Ahmadian M T and Vafai A 2008 Applications of single-layered graphene sheets as mass sensors and atomistic dust detectors Solid State Commun. 145 168-72
18. Hadlington S 2007 Graphene sensor achieves ultimate sensitivity Chem. World 4 29
19. Frank I W, Tanenbaum D M, van der Zande A M and McEuen P L 2007 Mechanical properties of suspended graphene sheets J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 25 2558-61
20. Lee C, Wei X, Kysar J W and Hone J 2008 Measurement of the elastic properties and intrinsic strength of monolayer graphene Science 321 385-8
21. Hemmasizadeh A, Mahzoon M and Hadi E 2008 A method for developing the equivalent continuum model of a single layer graphene sheet Thin Solids Films 416 7636
22. Duan W H and Wang C M 2009 Nonlinear bending and stretching of a circular graphene sheet under a central point load Nanotechnology 20 075702
23. Sakhaee-Pour A, Ahmadian M T and Naghdabadi R 2008 Vibrational analysis of single-layered graphene sheets Nanotechnology 19 085702
24. Bonet J and Wood R D 2008 Nonlinear Continuum Mechanics for Finite Element Analysis 2nd edn (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
25. Efimenko K, Rackaitis M, Manias E, Vaziri A, Mahadevan L and Genzer J 2005 Nested self-similar wrinkling patterns in skins Nat. Mater. 4 293-7
26. Cerda E and Mahadevan L 2003 Geometry and physics of wrinkling Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 074302
27. Cerda E, Ravi-Chandar K and Mahadevan L 2002 Thin films-wrinkling of an elastic sheet under tension Nature 419 579-80
28. Lee C, Wei X, Kysar J W and Hone J 2008 Measurement of the elastic properties and intrinsic strength of monolayer graphene Science 321 385-8
29. Medyanik S N, Karpov E G and Liu W K 2006 Domain reduction method for atomistic simulations J. Comput. Phys. 218 836-59
30. Hemmasizadeh A, Mahzoon M, Hadi E and Khandan R 2008 A method for developing the equivalent continuum model of a single layer graphene sheet Thin Solids Films 416 7636
31. Gupta S S and Batra R C 2010 Elastic properties and frequencies of free vibrations of single-layer graphene sheets J. Comput. Theor. Nanosci. 31 at press
32. Batra R C and Sears A 2007 Continuum models of multi-walled carbon nanotubes Int. J. Solids Struct. 44 7577-96
33. Sakhaee-Pour A 2009 Elastic buckling of single-layered graphene sheet Comput. Mater. Sci. 45 266-70
34. Sakhaee-Pour A 2009 Elastic properties of single-layered graphene sheet Solid State Commun. 149 91-5
35. Odegard G M, Gates T S, Nicholson L M and Wise K E 2002 Equivalent-continuum modeling of nano-structured materials Composit. Sci. Technol. 62 1869-80
36. Tserpes K I and Papanikos P 2005 Finite element modelling of single-walled carbon nanotubes Composite B 36 468
37. Scarpa F and Adhikari S 2008 A mechanical equivalence for the Poisson's ratio and thickness of C-C bonds in single wall carbon nanotubes J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 41 085306
38. Scarpa F, Adhikari S and Phani A S 2009 Effective elastic mechanical properties of single layer graphene sheets Nanotechnology 20 065709
39. Scarpa F, Adhikari S and Wang C Y 2009 Mechanical properties of non-reconstructed defective single-wall carbon nanotubes J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 42 142002
40. Gil A J 2006 Structural analysis of prestressed Saint Venant-Kirchhoff hyperelastic membranes subjected to moderate strains Comput. Struct. 84 1012
41. Gil A J and Bonet J 2006 Finite element analysis of prestressed structural membranes Finite Elem. Anal. Des. 42 683
42. Gil A J and Bonet J 2007 Finite element analysis of partly wrinkled reinforced prestressed membranes Comput. Mech. 40 595
43. Pipkin A C 1986 The relaxed energy density for isotropic elastic membranes IMA J. Appl. Math. 36 85
44. Steigmann D J and Pipkin A C 1989 Wrinkling of pressurized membranes J. Appl. Mech. 56 624
45. Medyanik S N, Karpov E G and Liu W K 2006 Domain reduction method for atomistic simulations J. Comput. Phys. 218 836
46. Huang Y, Wu J and Hwang K C 2006 Thickness of graphene and single-wall carbon nanotubes Phys. Rev. B 74 245413
47. Duan W H and Wang C M 2009 Nonlinear bending and stretching of a circular graphene sheet under a central point load Nanotechnology 20 075702
48. Simo J C, Taylor R L and Wriggers P 1991 A note on finite element implementation of pressure boundary loading Commun. Appl. Numer. Methods 7 513