Further grounds for abandoning the concept of testicular dysgenesis syndrome: A response to the paper of Akre and Richiardi (2009)

Human Reproduction

Volumn 25, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 1084-1086

  James, William H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ESTROGEN; GONADOTROPIN; TESTOSTERONE;

ADOLESCENCE; ADULTHOOD; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ANAMNESIS; ARTICLE; CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY; CRYPTORCHISM; DEL CASTILLO SYNDROME; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FACE VALIDITY; FIRE FIGHTER; GONADAL DYSGENESIS; HUMAN; HYPOSPADIAS; INFANCY; MALE FERTILITY; METABOLIC SYNDROME X; OBESITY; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; RISK FACTOR; SEMEN ABNORMALITY; SEX RATIO; TESTIS CANCER; TESTIS SIZE; TESTOSTERONE BLOOD LEVEL; THERMAL EXPOSURE; WELDING;

EID: 77950019211     PISSN: 02681161     EISSN: 14602350     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep461     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Akre O, Richiardi L. Does a testicular dysgenesis syndrome exist? Hum Reprod 2009;24:2053-2060.
2. Anderssen E, Nilsson R, Toren K. Testicular cancer among Swedish pulp and paper workers. Am J Ind Med 2003;43:642-646.
3. Andersson AM, Jensen TK, Juul A, Petersen JH, Jorgensen T, Lind AM, Skakkebaek NE. Secular decline in male testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin serum levels in Danish population surveys. J Clin Endocr Metab 2007;92:4696-4705.
4. Baker JA, Buck GM, Vena JE et al. Fertility patterns prior to testicular cancer diagnosis. Cancer Causes Control 2005;16:295-299.
5. Bates MN. Registry based case-control study of cancer in California firefighters. Am J Ind Med 2007;50:339-344.
6. Berthelsen JG, Skakkebaek NE. Testicular cancer: abnormal structure and function of the contralateral testes. Int J Androl 1983;6:209-211.
7. Bonde JP. Semen quality and sex hormones among mild steel and stainless steel welders: a cross-sectional study. Br J Ind Med 1990;47:508-514.
8. Bonde JP. Semen quality in welders exposed to radiant heat. Br J Ind Med 1992;49:5-10.
9. Bradford Hill A. The environment and diseases: association or causation? Proc R Soc Med 1965;58:295-300.
10. Cook MB, Akre O, Forman D, Madigan MP, Richiardi L, McGlynn KA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of perinatal variables in relation to the risk of testicular cancer\experiences of the mother. Int J Epidemiol 2009;38:1532-1542.
11. Doria-Rose VP, Biggs ML, Weiss NS. Subfertility and the risk of testicular germ cell tumors (United States). Cancer Causes Control 2005;16: 651-656.
12. Fukagai T, Kurosawa K, Sudo N, Aso T, Sugawara S, Naoe M, Sakamoto H, Yoshida H. Bilateral testicular tumors in an infertile man previously treated with follicle stimulating hormones. Urology 2005; 65:592.
13. Guidotti TL. Evaluating causality for occupational cancers. Occup Med (Lond) 2007;57:466-471.
14. Gundy S, Babosa M, Baki M, Bodrogi I. Increased predisposition to cancer in brothers and offspring of testicular tumor patients. Pathol Oncol Res 2004;10:197-203.
15. Haring R, Volzke H, Felix SB, Schipf S, Dorr M, Rosskopf D, Nauck M, Schofl C, Wallaschofski H. Prediction of metabolic syndrome by low serum testosterone levels in men: results from the study of health in Pomeranians. Diabetes 2009;58:2027-2031.
16. Haughey BP, Graham S, Brasure J, Zielezny M, Sufrin G, Burnett WS. The epidemiology of testicular cancer in Upstate New York. Am J Epidemiol 1989;130:25-36.
17. Hobbesland A, Kjuus H, Thelle DS. Study of cancer incidence among 8530 male workers in eight Norwegian plants producing ferrosilicon and silicon metal. Occ Environ Med 1999;56:625-631.
18. Hotaling JM, Walsh TJ. Male infertility: a risk factor for testicular cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2009;6:550-556.
19. Jacobsen R, Bostofte E, Engholm G, Hansen J, Skakkebæk NE, Møller H. Fertility and offspring sex ratio of men who develop testicular cancer: a record linkage study. Hum Reprod 2000;15:1958-1961.
20. James WH. Evidence that mammalian sex ratios at birth are partially controlled by parental hormone levels at the time of conception. J Theor Biol 1996;180:271-286.
21. James WH. Further evidence that mammalian sex ratios at birth are partially controlled by parental hormone levels around the time of conception. Hum Reprod 2004;19:1250-1256.
22. James WH. Further evidence for the hypothesis that parental hormone levels around the time of conception are associated with human sex ratios at birth. J Biosoc Sci 2008a;40:855-861.
23. James WH. Evidence that mammalian sex ratios at birth are partially controlled by parental hormone levels around the time of conception. J Endocrinol 2008b;198:3-15.
24. Levine PH, Young HA, Simmens SJ, Rentz D, Kofie VE, Mahan CM, Kang HK. Is testicular cancer related to Gulf War deployment? Evidence from a pilot population-based study of Gulf War era veterans and cancer registries. Mil Med 2005;170:149-153.
25. Main KM, Toppari J, Suomi A-M. Larger testes and higher inhibin B levels in Finnish than in Danish newborn boys. J Clin Endocr Metab 2006; 91:2732-2737.
26. Moller H. Trends in sex ratio, testicular cancer and male reproductive hazards: are they connected? Acta Path Microbiol Scand (APMIS) 1998; 106:232-239.
27. Perez-Crespo M, Pintado B, Gutierrez-Adan A. Scrotal heat stress effects on sperm viability, sperm DNA integrity and offspring sex ratio in mice. Mol Reprod Dev 2008;75:40-47.
28. Petersen PM, Skakkebæk NE, Vistisen K, Rørth M, Giwercman A. Semen quality and reproductive hormones in men with testicular cancer. J Clin Oncol 1999;17:941-947.
29. Pollan M, Gustavsson P, Cano MI. Incidence of testicular cancer and occupation among Swedish men gainfully employed in 1970. Ann Epidemiol 2001;11:554-562.
30. Rhomberg W, Schmoll HJ, Schneider B. High frequency of metalworkers among patients with seminomatous tumors of the testis. Am J Ind Med 2003;28:79-87.
31. Richiardi L, Akre O, Montgomery SM, Lambe M, Kvist U, Ekbom A. Fecundity and twinning rates as measures of fertility before diagnosis of germ cell testicular cancer. J Nat Cancer Inst 2004; 96:145-147.
32. Sharpe RM, Skakkebaek NE. Are estrogens involved in falling sperm counts and disorders of the male reproductive tract? Lancet 1993; 341:1392-1395.
33. Skakkebaek NE, Rajpert-De Meyts E, Main KM. Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: an increasingly common developmental disorder with environmental aspects. Hum Reprod 2001;16:972-978.
34. Storgaard L, Bonde JP, Olsen J. Male reproductive disorders in humans and prenatal indicators of estrogen exposure: a review of published epidemiological studies. Reprod Toxicol 2006;21:4-15.
35. Travison TG, Araujo AB, Hall SA, McKinley JB. Temporal trends in testosterone levels and treatment in older men. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2009;16:211-217.
36. Vistisen K, Loft S, Olsen JH, Vellentin S, Ottesen S, Hirsch FR, Poulsen HE. Low CYP1A3 activity associated with testicular cancer. Carcinogenesis 2004;25:923-929.
37. Wakeford R, McElvenny D. From epidemiological association to causation. Occup Med (Lond) 2007;57:464-465.
38. Walschaerts M, Muller A, Auger J, Bujan L, Guerin J-F, Le Lannou D et al. Environmental, occupational and familial risks for testicular cancer: a hospital-based case-control study. Int J Androl 2007;30:222-229.
39. Wohlfahrt VC, Main KM, Skakkebaek NE. Testicular dysgenesis syndrome: foetal originofadult reproductive problems. Clin Endocr 2009;71:459-465.
40. Yeap BB, Chubb SAP, Hyde Z, Jamrozik K, Hankey GJ, Flicker L, Norman PE. Lower serum testosterone is independently associated with insulin resistance in non-diabetic older men: the Health In Men Study. Eur J Endocrinol 2009;161:591-598.
41. Zalata A, Hafez T, Verdonck L, Vermeulen L, Comhaire F. Androgens in seminalplasma: markers of the surface epithelium of the male reproductive tract. Int J Androl 1995;18:271-277.
42. Zhang Z-F, Vena JE, Zielezny M et al. Occupational exposure to extreme temperature and risk of testicular cancer. Arch Env Health 1995; 50:13-18