Stellar aspects of habitability-characterizing target stars for terrestrial planet-finding missions

Astrobiology

Volumn 10, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 103-112

  Kaltenegger, Lisa ^a   Eiroa, Carlos ^b   Ribas, Ignasi ^c   Paresce, Francesco ^d   Leitzinger, Martin ^e   Odert, Petra ^e   Hanslmeier, Arnold ^e   Fridlund, Malcolm ^f   Lammer, Helmut ^g   Beichman, Charles ^h   Danchi, William ⁱ   Henning, Thomas ^j   Herbst, Tom ^j   Léger, Alain ^k   Liseau, René ^l   Lunine, Jonathan ^m   Penny, Alan ⁿ   Quirrenbach, Andreas ^o   Röttgering, Huub ^p   Selsis, Frank ^q   Schneider, Jean ^r   Stam, Daphne ^s   Tinetti, Giovanna ^t   White, Glenn J ^n,u   more..

^a HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CENTER FOR ASTROPHYSICS   (United States)

^b UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE MADRID   (Spain)

^c INSTITUT DE CIÈNCIES DE L ESPAI CSIC IEEC   (Spain)

^d INAF OSSERVATORIO ASTROFISICO DI TORINO   (Italy)

^e UNIVERSITY OF GRAZ   (Austria)

^f EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY   (Netherlands)

^g Austrian Academy of Sciences ^*  (Austria)

^h CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

ⁱ NASA GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER   (United States)

^j MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FÜR ASTRONOMIE   (Germany)

^k UNIVERSITÉ PARIS SACLAY   (France)

^l CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Sweden)

^m UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA   (United States)

ⁿ RUTHERFORD APPLETON LABORATORY   (United Kingdom)

^o UNIVERSITÄT HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^p LEIDEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^q UNIVERSITÉ DE BORDEAUX   (France)

^r OBSERVATOIRE DE PARIS   (France)

^s SRON NETHERLANDS INSTITUTE FOR SPACE RESEARCH   (Netherlands)

^t UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^u OPEN UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

more..

Author keywords

Darwin TPF; Exoplanet search; Habitability; Nearby stars

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ASTRONOMY;

PLANETS;

EID: 77949879828     PISSN: 15311074     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/ast.2009.0367     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Audard, M., Güdel, M., Drake, J.J., and Kashyap, V.L. (2000) Extreme-ultraviolet flare activity in late-type stars. Astrophys. J. 541:396-409.
2. Ayres, T.R. (1997) Evolution of the solar ionizing flux. J. Geophys. Res. 102:1641-1652.
3. Barnes, S.A. (2007) Ages for illustrative field stars using gyrochronology: viability, limitations, and errors. Astrophys. J. 669: 1167-1189.
4. Beaulieu, J.-P., Bennett, D.P., Fouqué, P., Williams, A., Dominik, M., Jørgensen, U.G., Kubas, D., Cassan, A., Coutures, C., Greenhill, J., Hill, K., Menzies, J., Sackett, P.D., Albrow, M., Brillant, S., Caldwell, J.A.R., Calitz, J.J., Cook, K.H., Corrales, E., Desort, M., Dieters, S., Dominis, D., Donatowicz, J., Hoffman, M., Kane, S., Marquette, J.-B., Martin, R., Meintjes, P., Pollard, K., Sahu, K., Vinter, C., Wambsganss, J., Woller, K., Horne, K., Steele, I., Bramich, D.M., Burgdorf, M., Snodgrass, C., Bode, M., Udalski, A., Szymań ski, M.K., Kubiak, M., Wieckowski, T., Pietrzyń ski, G., Soszyń ski, I., Szewczyk, O., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Paczyń ski, B., Abe, F., Bond, I.A., Britton, T.R., Gilmore, A.C., Hearnshaw, J.B., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Kilmartin, P.M., Korpela, A.V., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Motomura, M., Muraki, Y., Nakamura, S., Okada, C., Ohnishi, K., Rattenbury, N.J., Sako, T., Sato, S., Sasaki, M., Sekiguchi, T., Sullivan, D.J., Tristram, P.J., Yock, P.C.M., and Yoshioka, T. (2006) Discovery of a cool planet of 5.5 Earth masses through gravitational microlensing. Nature 439:437-440.
5. Bennett, D.P., Bond, I.A., Udalski, A., Sumi, T., Abe, F., Fukui, A., Furusawa, K., Hearnshaw, J.B., Holderness, S., Itow, Y., Kamiya, K., Korpela, A.V., Kilmartin, P.M., Lin, W., Ling, C.H., Masuda, K., Matsubara, Y., Miyake, N., Muraki, Y., Nagaya, M., Okumura, T., Ohnishi, K., Perrott, Y.C., Rattenbury, N.J., Sako, T., Saito, To., Sato, S., Skuljan, L., Sullivan, D.J., Sweatman, W.L., Tristram, P.J., Yock, P.C.M., Kubiak, M., Szymań ski, M.K., Pietrzyń ski, G., Soszyń ski, I., Szewczyk, O., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Ulaczyk, K., Batista, V., Beaulieu, J.P., Brillant, S., Cassan, A., Fouqué, P., Kervella, P., Kubas, D., and Marquette, J.B. (2008) A low-mass planet with a possible substellar- mass host in microlensing event MOA-2007-BLG-192. Astrophys. J. 684:663-683.
6. Bond, H.E., Mullan, D.J., O'Brien, M.S., and Sion, E.M. (2001) Detection of coronal mass ejections in V471 Tauri with the Hubble Space Telescope. Astrophys. J. 560:919-927.
7. Bouchy, F., Mayor, M., Lovis, C., Udry, S., Benz, W., Bertaux, J.-L., Delfosse, X., Mordasini, C., Pepe, F., Queloz, D., and Segransan, D. (2009) The HARPS search for southern extrasolar planets. XVII. Super-Earth and Neptune-mass planets in multiple planet systems HD 47 186 and HD 181 433. Astron. Astrophys. 496:527-531.
8. Brown, R.A. (2006) Expectations for the early TPF-C mission. In Direct Imaging of Exoplanets: Science Techniques. Proceedings of the IAU Colloquium 200, edited by C. Aime and F. Vakili, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, pp 119-128.
9. Cayrel, R., Hill, V., Beers, T.C., Barbuy, B., Spite, M., Spite, F., Plez, B., Andersen, J., Bonifacio, P., François, P., Molaro, P., Nordström, B., and Primas, F. (2001) Measurement of stellar age from uranium decay. Nature 409:691-692.
10. Cutri, R.M., Skrutskie, M.F., van Dyk, S., Beichman, C.A., Carpenter, J.M., Chester, T., Cambresy, L., Evans, T., Fowler, J., Gizis, J., Howard, E., Huchra, J., Jarrett, T., Kopan, E.L., Kirkpatrick, J.D., Light, R.M., Marsh, K.A., McCallon, H., Schneider, S., Stiening, R., Sykes, M., Weinberg, M., Wheaton, W.A., Wheelock, S., and Zacarias, N. (2003) 2MASS All-Sky Point Source Catalog. NASA=IPAC Infrared Science Archive. Available online at http:==irsa.ipac.caltech.edu=applications= Gator.
11. Dole, S.H. (1964) Habitable Planets for Man, Blaisdell Publishing Company, New York.
12. Dommanget, J. and Nys, O. (1994) Catalogue of the components of double and multiple stars (CCDM). First edition. Communications de l'Observatoire Royal de Belgique 115:1.
13. Dubovitsky, S. and Lay, O.P. (2004) New frontiers in stellar interferometry. Proc. Soc. Photo. Opt. Instrum. Eng. 5491:284.
14. Dvorak, R., Pilat-Lohinger, E., Bois, E., Schwarz, R., Funk, B., Beichman, C., Danchi, W., Eiroa, C., Fridlund, M., Henning, T., Herbst, T., Kaltenegger, L., Lammer, H., Léger, A., Liseau, R., Lunine, J., Paresce, F., Penny, A., Quirrenbach, A., Rö ttgering, H., Selsis, F., Schneider, J., Stam, D., Tinetti, G., and White, G.J. (2010) Dynamical habitability of planetary systems. Astrobiology 10:33-43.
15. Eiroa, C., Fridlund, M., and Kaltenegger, L. (2003) The DARWIN target list: observational properties of the G-type stars. In Proceedings of the Conference Towards Other Earths: DARWIN= TPF and the Search for Extrasolar Terrestrial Planets, 22-25 April 2003, Heidelberg, Germany, ESA SP-539, edited by M. Fridlund, T. Henning, and H. Lacoste, ESA Publications Division, Noordwijk, the Netherlands, pp 403-407.
16. Fleming, T.A., Giampapa, M.S., Schmitt, J.H.M.M., and Bookbinder, J.A. (1993) Stellar coronae at the end of the main sequence-a ROSAT survey of the late M dwarfs. Astrophys. J. 410:387-392.
17. Forveille, D., Bonfils, X., Delfosse, X., Gillon, M., Udry, S., Bouchy, F., Lovis, C., Mayor, M., Pepe, F., Perrier, C., Queloz, D., Santos, N., and Bertaux, J.-L. (2009) The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XIV. Gl 176b, a super-Earth rather than a Neptune, and at a different period. Astron. Astrophys. 493:645-650.
18. Gray, R.O., Corbally, C.J., Garrison, R.F., McFadden, M.T., and Robinson, P.E. (2003) Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) project: spectroscopy of stars earlier than M0 within 40 parsecs: the northern sample. I. Astron. J. 126:2048-2057.
19. Güdel, M. (2007) The Sun in time: activity and environment. Living Reviews in Solar Physics 4:3-137.
20. Guinan, E.F. and Engle, S.G. (2009) The ''Living with a Red Dwarf'' Program, arXiv0901.1860.
21. Hanslmeier, A. (2007) The Sun and Space Weather, Springer, Berlin.
22. Hanslmeier, A. (2009) Habitability and Cosmic Catastrophes: Advances in Astrobiology and Biogeophysics, Springer, Berlin.
23. Howard, A.W., Johnson, J.A., Marcy, G.W., Fischer, D.A., Wright, J.T., Henry, G.W., Giguere, M.J., Isaacson, H., Valenti, J.A., Anderson, J., and Piskunov, N.E. (2009) The NASA-UC Eta-Earth Program: I. A super-earth orbiting HD 7924. Astrophys. J. 696:75-83.
24. Jardine, M. and Donati, J.-F. (2008) Magnetic coronae of active main-sequence stars. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 4:357-362.
25. Joshi, M.M. (2003) Climate model studies of synchronously rotating planets. Astrobiology 3:415-427.
26. Joshi, M.M., Haberle, R.M., and Reynolds, R.T. (1997) Simulations of the atmospheres of synchronously rotating terrestrial planets orbiting M dwarfs: conditions for atmospheric collapse and the implications for habitability. Icarus 129:450-465.
27. Kaltenegger, L. (2004) Search for extra-terrestrial planets: the DARWIN mission-target stars and array architectures, PhD thesis, Karl Franzens Universität Graz, Graz, Austria.
28. Kaltenegger, L. and Karlsson, A.L. (2004) Requirements on the stellar rejection for the Darwin Mission. Proc. Soc. Photo. Opt. Instrum. Eng. 5491:275-283.
29. Kaltenegger, L., Jucks, K.W., and Traub, W.A. (2007) Spectral evolution of an Earth-like planet. Astrophys. J. 658:598-616.
30. Kaltenegger, L., Eiroa, C., and Fridlund, M. (2009) Target star catalog for Darwin: nearby stellar sample for a search for terrestrial planets. Astrophys. Space Sci. doi:10.1007=s10509- 009-0223-233
31. Kaltenegger, L., Selsis, F., Fridlund, M., Lammer, H., Beichman, C., Danchi, W., Eiroa, C., Henning, T., Herbst, T., Léger, A., Liseau, R., Lunine, J., Paresce, F., Penny, A., Quirrenbach, A., Rö ttgering, H., Schneider, J., Stam, D., Tinetti, G., and White, G.J. (2010) Deciphering spectral fingerprints of habitable exoplanets. Astrobiology 10:89-102.
32. Karlsson, A. and Kaltenegger, L. (2003) The technology of DARWIN. In Proceedings of the Conference on Towards Other Earths: DARWIN=TPF and the Search for Extrasolar Terrestrial Planets, edited by M. Fridlund and Th. Henning, compiled by. H. Lacoste, 22-25 April 2003, Heidelberg, Germany. ESA SP- 539, Noordwijk, the Netherlands, pp 41-46.
33. Kasting, J.F., Whitmire, D.P., and Reynolds, R.T. (1993) Habitable zones around main sequence stars. Icarus 101:108-128.
34. Khodachenko, M.L., Ribas, I., Lammer, H., Grießmeier, J., Leitner, M., Selsis, F., Eiroa, C., Hanslmeier, A., Biernat, H.K., Farrugia, C.J., and Rucker, H.O. (2007) Coronal mass ejection (CME) activity of low mass M stars as an important factor for the habitability of terrestrial exoplanets. I. CME impact on expected magnetospheres of Earth-like exoplanets in close-in habitable zones. Astrobiology 7:167-184.
35. Kjeldsen, H., Bedding, T.R., and Christensen-Dalsgaard, J. (2009) Measurements of stellar properties through asteroseismology. In Transiting Planets, IAU Symposium Vol. 253, edited by F. Pont, D. Sasselov, and M. Holman, International Astronomical Union, Paris, pp 309-317.
36. Lammer, H., Lichtenegger, H.I.M., Kulikov, Y.N., Grießmeier, J., Terada, N., Erkaev, N.V., Biernat, H.K., Khodachenko, M.L., Ribas, I., Penz, T., and Selsis, F. (2007) Coronal mass ejection (CME) activity of low mass M stars as an important factor for the habitability of terrestrial exoplanets. II. CME-induced ion pick up of Earth-like exoplanets in close-in habitable zones. Astrobiology 7:185-207.
37. Lammer, H., Bredehö ft, J.H., Coustenis, A., Khodachenko, M.L., Kaltenegger, L., Grasset, O., Prieur, D., Raulin, F., Ehrenfreund, P., Yamauchi, M., Wahlund, J.-E., Grießmeier, J.-M., Stangl, G., Cockell, C.S., Kulikov, Yu.N., Grenfell, J.L., and Rauer, H. (2009) What makes a planet habitable? The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review 17:181-249.
38. Lay, O.P., Gunter, S.M., Hamlin, L.A., Henry, C.A., Li, Y.Y., Martin, S.R., Purcell, G.H., Jr., Ware, B., Wertz, J.A., and Noecker, M.C. (2005) Architecture trade study for the Terrestrial Planet Finder interferometer. Proc. Soc. Photo. Opt. Instrum. Eng. 5905:8-20.
39. Léger, A. et al. (2009) Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission. VIII. CoRoT-7b: the first super-Earth with measured radius. Astron. Astrophys. 506:287-302.
40. Lunine, J.I. (2001) Special feature: the occurrence of jovian planets and the habitability of planetary systems. Publications of the National Academy of Science 98:809-814.
41. Mamajek, E. E., and Hillenbrand, L.A. (2008) Improved age estimation for solar-type dwarfs using activity-rotation diagnostics. Astrophys. J. 687:1264-1293.
42. Mamajek, E.E., Barrado y Navascués, D., Randich, S., Jensen, E.L.N., Young, P.A., Miglio, A., and Barnes, S.A. (2008) A splinter session on the thorny problem of stellar ages. In 14th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, ASP Conference Series Vol. 384, edited by G. van Belle, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, San Francisco, pp 374-382.
43. Mayor, M., Udry, S., Lovis, C., Pepe, F., Queloz, D., Benz, W., Bertaux, J.-L., Bouchy, F., Mordasini, C., and Segransan, D. (2009) The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XIII. A planetary system with 3 Super-Earths (4.2, 6.9, and 9.2 M). Astron. Astrophys. 493:639-644.
44. Mullan, D.J., Sion, E.M., Bruhweiler, F.C., and Carpenter, K.G. (1989) Evidence for a cool wind from the K2 dwarf in the detached binary V471 Tauri. Astrophys. J. 339:L33-L36.
45. Penz, T. and Micela, G. (2008) X-ray induced mass loss effects on exoplanets orbiting dM stars. Astron. Astrophys. 479:579-584.
46. Penz, T., Micela, G., and Lammer, H. (2008) Influence of the evolving stellar X-ray luminosity distribution on exoplanetary mass loss. Astron. Astrophys. 477:309-314.
47. Perryman, M.A.C., Lindegren, L., Kovalevsky, J., Hoeg, E., Bastian, U., Bernacca, P.L., Crézé, M., Donati, F., Grenon, M., van Leeuwen, F., van der Marel, H., Mignard, F., Murray, C.A., Le Poole, R.S., Schrijver, H., Turon, C., Arenou, F., Froeschlé, M., and Petersen, C.S. (1997) The HIPPARCOS catalogue. Astron. Astrophys. 323:L49-L52.
48. Pizzolato, N., Maggio, A., Micela, G., Sciortino, S., and Ventura, P. (2003) The stellar activity-rotation relationship revisited: dependence of saturated and non-saturated X-ray emission regimes on stellar mass for late-type dwarfs. Astron. Astrophys. 397:147-157.
49. Porto de Mello, G., del Peloso, E.F., and Ghezzi, L. (2006) Astrobiologically interesting stars within 10 parsecs of the sun. Astrobiology 6:308-331.
50. Pourbaix, D., Tokovinin, A.A., Batten, A.H., Fekel, F.C., Hartkopf, W.I., Levato, H., Morrell, N.I., Torres, G., and Udry, S. (2004) S9 B: the ninth catalogue of spectroscopic binary orbits. Astron. Astrophys. 424:727-732.
51. Raghavan, D., Henry, T.J., Mason, B.D., Subasavage, J.P., Jao, W.C., Beaulieu, T.D., and Hambly, N.C. (2006) Two suns in the sky: stellar multiplicity in exoplanet systems. Astrophys. J. 646:523-542.
52. Raymond, S.N., Barnes, R., and Kaib, N.A. (2006) Predicting planets in known extrasolar planetary systems. III. Forming terrestrial planets. Astrophys. J. 644:1223-1231.
53. Reid, I.N., Hawley, S.L., and Gizis, J.E. (1995) The Palomar=MSU nearby-star spectroscopic survey. I. The northern M dwarfs- bandstrengths and kinematics. Astrophys. J. 110:1838-1862.
54. Reid, I.N., Cruz, K.L., Allen, P., Mungall, F., Kilkenny, D., Liebert, J., Hawley, S.L., Fraser, O.J., Covey, K.R., Lowrance, P., Kirkpatrick, J.D., and Burgasser, A.J. (2004) Meeting the cool neighbors. VIII. A preliminary 20 parsec census from the NLTT catalogue. Astron. J. 128:463-483.
55. Ribas, I., Guinan, E.F., Güdel, M., and Audard, M. (2005) Evolution of the solar activity over time and effects on planetary atmospheres. I. High-energy irradiances (1-1700 Å ). Astrophys. J. 622:680-694.
56. Ribas, I. (2009) The Sun and stars as the primary energy input in planetary atmospheres. In Proceedings of the IAU Symposium 264: Solar and Stellar Variability - Impact on Earth and Planets, edited by A.G. Kosovichev, A.H. Andrei, and J.-P. Rozelot, in press, eprint arXiv:0911.4872.
57. Rivera, E.J., Lissauer, J.J., Butler, R.P., Marcy, G.W., Vogt, S.S., Fischer, D.A., Brown, T.M., Laughlin, G., and Henry, G.W. (2005) A *7.5 M- planet orbiting the nearby star, GJ 876. Astrophys. J. 634:625-640.
58. Sándor, Z., Süli, Á ., É rdi, B., Pilat-Lohinger, E., and Dvorak, R. (2007) A stability catalogue of the habitable zones in extrasolar planetary systems. Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 375:1495-1502.
59. Scalo, J., Kaltenegger, L., Segura, A., Fridlund, M., Ribas, I., Kulikov, Y.N., Grenfell, J.L., Rauer, H., Odert, P., Leitzinger, M., Selsis, F., Khodachenko, M.L., Eiroa, C., Kasting, J., and Lammer, H. (2007) M Stars as targets for terrestrial exoplanet searches and biosignature detection. Astrobiology 7:85-166.
60. Segura, A., Krelove, K., Kasting, J.F., Sommerlatt, D., Meadows, V., Crisp, D., Cohen, M., and Mlawer, E. (2003) Ozone concentrations and ultraviolet fluxes on Earth-like planets around other stars. Astrobiology 3:689-697.
61. Segura, A., Kasting, J.F., Meadows, V., Cohen, M., Scalo, J., Crisp, D., Butler, R.A.H., and Tinetti, G.(2005) Biosignatures from Earth-like planets around M dwarfs. Astrobiology 5:706-725.
62. Selsis, F. (2002) Search for signatures of life on exoplanets. In Proceedings of the Second European Workshop on Exo-Astrobiology, 16-19 September 2002, Graz, Austria, ESA SP-518, edited by H. Sawaya-Lacoste, ESA Publications Division, Noordwijk, the Netherlands, pp 365-689
63. Selsis, F., Kasting, J.F., Levrard, B., Paillet, J., Ribas, I., and Delfosse, X. (2007) Habitable planets around the star Gliese 581? Astron. Astrophys. 476:1373-1384.
64. Turnbull, M.C. and Tarter, J.C. (2003) Target selection for SETI. I. A catalog of nearby habitable stellar systems. Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 145:181-198.
65. Udry, S., Bonfils, X., Delfosse, X., Forveille, T., Mayor, M., Perrier, C., Bouchy, F., Lovis, C., Pepe, F., Queloz, D., and Bertaux, J.-L. (2007) The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets. XI. Super-Earths (5 and 8M-) in a 3-planet system. Astron. Astrophys. 469:L43-L46.
66. Vilhu, O. and Walter, F.M. (1987) Chromospheric-coronal activity at saturated levels. Astrophys. J. 321:958-966.
67. Wargelin, B.J. and Drake, J.J. (2001) Observability of stellar winds from late-type dwarfs via charge exchange X-Ray emission. Astrophys. J. 546:L57-L60.
68. Wargelin, B.J. and Drake, J.J. (2002) Stringent X-ray constraints on mass loss from Proxima Centauri. Astrophys. J. 578:503-514.
69. Wolszczan, A. and Frail, D.A. (1992) A planetary system around the millisecond pulsar PSR1257+12. Nature 355:145-147.
70. Wood, B.E., Müller, H., Zank, G.P., and Linsky, J.L. (2002) Measured mass-loss rates of solar-like stars as a function of age and activity. Astrophys. J. 574:412-425.
71. Wood, B.E., Müller, H., Zank, G.P., Linsky, J.L., and Redfield, S. (2005) New mass-loss measurements from astrospheric Lya absorption. Astrophys. J. 628:L143-L146.