Swimming and asthma: Factors underlying respiratory symptoms in competitive swimmers

Clinical Respiratory Journal

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 2010, Pages 97-103

  Paivinen, Marja Kristiina ^a   Keskinen, Kari Lasse ^b   Tikkanen, Heikki Olavi ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

^b Finnish Society of Sport Sciences   (Finland)

Author keywords

Allergy; Asthma; Exercise; Swimming; Symptoms

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ALLERGY; ANAEROBIC THRESHOLD; ARTICLE; ASTHMA; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; EXERCISE INTENSITY; FEMALE; FINLAND; HISTORY OF MEDICINE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PHYSICIAN; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; STRUCTURED QUESTIONNAIRE; SWIMMING; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; ADOLESCENT; ATHLETE; ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE; HEALTH SURVEY; PEDIGREE; RISK; YOUNG ADULT;

ADOLESCENT; ASTHMA; ATHLETES; ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE; FEMALE; FINLAND; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; MALE; ODDS RATIO; PEDIGREE; PREVALENCE; RISK FACTORS; SWIMMING; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 77949878592     PISSN: 17526981     EISSN: 1752699X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-699X.2009.00155.x     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Helenius IJ, Tikkanen HO, Haahtela T. Association between type of training and risk of asthma in elite athletes. Thorax. 1997 52 (2 157 160.
2. Tikkanen H, Helenius I. Asthma in runners. BMJ. 1994 309 (6961 1087.
3. McFadden ER Jr., Ingram RH Jr. Exercise-induced asthma: observations on the initiating stimulus (correction of published data). N Engl J Med. 1984 311 (17 1127 1128.
4. Anderson SD, Connolly NM, Godfrey S. Comparison of bronchoconstriction induced by cycling and running. Thorax. 1971 26 (4 396 401.
5. Mahler DA. Exercise-induced asthma. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1993 25 (5 554 561.
6. Fitch KD, Morton AR, Blanksby BA. Effects of swimming training on children with asthma. Arch Dis Child. 1976 51 (3 190 194.
7. Fitch KD, Morton AR. Specificity of exercise in exercise-induced asthma. Br Med J. 1971 4 (5787 577 581.
8. Bar-Or O, Inbar O. Swimming and asthma. Benefits and deleterious effects. Sports Med. 1992 14 (6 397 405.
9. Bar-Yishay E, Gur I, Inbar O, Neuman I, Dlin RA, Godfrey S. Differences between swimming and running as stimuli for exercise-induced asthma. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1982 48 (3 387 397.
10. Matsumoto I, Araki H, Tsuda K, Odajima H, Nishima S, Higaki Y, Tanaka H, Tanaka M, Shindo M. Effects of swimming training on aerobic capacity and exercise induced bronchoconstriction in children with bronchial asthma. Thorax. 1999 54 (3 196 201.
11. Magel JR, Foglia GT, McArdle WD, Gutin B, Pechar GS, Katch FI. Specificity of swim training on maximum oxygen uptake. J Appl Physiol. 1975 38 (1 151 155.
12. Armour J, Donnelly PM, Bye PT. The large lungs of elite swimmers: an increased alveolar number? Eur Respir J. 1993 6 (2 237 247.
13. Cordain L, Stager J. Pulmonary structure and function in swimmers. Sports Med. 1988 6 (5 271 278.
14. Helenius IJ, Rytila P, Metso T, Haahtela T, Venge P, Tikkanen HO. Respiratory symptoms, bronchial responsiveness, and cellular characteristics of induced sputum in elite swimmers. Allergy. 1998 53 (4 346 352.
15. Helenius I, Rytila P, Sarna S, Lumme A, Helenius M, Remes V, Haahtela T. Effect of continuing or finishing high-level sports on airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and asthma: a 5-year prospective follow-up study of 42 highly trained swimmers. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002 109 (6 962 968.
16. Drobnic F, Freixa A, Casan P, Sanchis J, Guardino X. Assessment of chlorine exposure in swimmers during training. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1996 28 (2 271 274.
17. Potts J. Factors associated with respiratory problems in swimmers. Sports Med. 1996 21 (4 256 261.
18. Helenius IJ, Tikkanen HO, Sarna S, Haahtela T. Asthma and increased bronchial responsiveness in elite athletes: atopy and sport event as risk factors. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998 101 (5 646 652.
19. Karjalainen J, Lindqvist A, Laitinen LA. Seasonal variability of exercise-induced asthma especially outdoors. Effect of birch pollen allergy. Clin Exp Allergy. 1989 19 (3 273 278.
20. Helenius IJ, Tikkanen HO, Haahtela T. Occurrence of exercise induced bronchospasm in elite runners: dependence on atopy and exposure to cold air and pollen. Br J Sports Med. 1998 32 (2 125 129.
21. Pallasaho P, Lundback B, Meren M, Kiviloog J, Loit HM, Larsson K, Laitinen LA. Prevalence and risk factors for asthma and chronic bronchitis in the capitals Helsinki, Stockholm, and Tallinn. Respir Med. 2002 96 (10 759 769.
22. Kotaniemi JT, Hassi J, Kataja M, Jonsson E, Laitinen LA, Sovijärvi AR, Lundback B. Does non-responder bias have a significant effect on the results in a postal questionnaire study? Eur J Epidemiol. 2001 17 (9 809 817.
23. Empey DW, Laitinen LA, Jacobs L, Gold WM, Nadel JA. Mechanisms of bronchial hyperreactivity in normal subjects after upper respiratory tract infection. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1976 113 (2 131 139.
24. Ferris BG. Epidemiology standardization project. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979 118 (Suppl 7 53.
25. Keskinen KL. Stroking Characteristics of Front Crawl Swimming. Jyväskylä, University of Jyväskylä, 1993.
26. Glantz SA. Primer of Biostatistics. New York, McGraw-Hill, 2005
27. Voy RO. The U.S. Olympic Committee experience with exercise-induced bronchospasm, 1984. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1986 18 (3 328 330.
28. Weiler JM, Layton T, Hunt M. Asthma in United States Olympic athletes who participated in the 1996 Summer Games. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998 102 (5 722 726.
29. Langdeau JB, Turcotte H, Bowie DM, Jobin J, Desgagne P, Boulet LP. Airway hyperresponsiveness in elite athletes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 161 (5 1479 1484.
30. Katelaris CH, Carrozzi FM, Burke TV, Byth K. Patterns of allergic reactivity and disease in Olympic athletes. Clin J Sport Med. 2006 16 (5 401 405.
31. Langdeau JB, Boulet LP. Is asthma over- or under-diagnosed in athletes? Respir Med. 2003 97 (2 109 114.
32. Towns S, Van Asperen PP. Diagnosis and management of asthma in adolescents. Clin Respir J. 2009 3 (2 69 76.
33. Beck KC, Offord KP, Scanlon PD. Bronchoconstriction occurring during exercise in asthmatic subjects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994 149 (2 Pt 1 352 357.
34. Inbar O, Dotan R, Dlin RA, Neuman I, Bar-Or O. Breathing dry or humid air and exercise-induced asthma during swimming. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1980 44 (1 43 50.
35. Shaaban R, Leynaert B, Soussan D. Physical activity and bronchial hyperresponsiveness: European Community Respiratory Health Survey II. Thorax. 2007 62 (5 403 410.