Environmental health disparities: Select case studies related to Asian and Pacific Islander Americans

Environmental Justice

Volumn 3, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 21-26

  Gordon, Lauren ^a   Payne Sturges, Devon ^a   Gee, Gilbert ^b  

^a U S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASTHMA; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION; CANCER; CHILD HEALTH; ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE; ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY; EQUITY; ETHNIC GROUP; HEALTH IMPACT; HEALTH POLICY; HEALTH SERVICES; LEAD; MEDICINE; METHYLMERCURY; POLLUTION EXPOSURE; RACIAL DISPARITY; SMOKING; TOBACCO;

UNITED STATES;

NICOTIANA TABACUM;

EID: 77949771776     PISSN: 19394071     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/env.2009.0019     Document Type: Review

References (80)

1. Payne-Sturges, Devon, Gilbert C. Gee, Kirstin Crowder, Bradford J. Hurley, Charles Lee, Rachel Morello-Frosch, Arlene Rosenbaum, Amy Schultz, Charles Wells, Tracey Woodruff, and Hal Zenick. 2006. Workshop summary: Connecting social and environmental factors to measure and track environmental health disparities. Environmental Research 102:146-153.
2. Link, B. and J. Phelan, J. 1995. Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 35:80-84.
3. Gee, Gilbert and Devon Payne-Sturges. 2004. Environmental health disparities: a framework integrating psychosocial and environmental concepts. Environmental Health Perspectives 112(7):1645-1653;
4. Northridge, Mary and Amy Schulz. 2004. Social determinants of health: implication for environmental health promotion. Health Education and Behavior 31(4):455-471.
5. Chen, M., and B. L. Hawks. 1995. A debunking of the myth of health Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. American Journal of Health Promotion 9(4):261-268;
6. Lew, R., and S. P. Tanjasiri. 2003. Slowing the epidemic of tobacco use among Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders. American Journal of Public Health 93(5):764-8;
7. Workman, R. 2001. Tobacco Use Among Pacific Islanders: Risk-Behavior Surveys and Data Sets For the Study of Smoking Behavior on Guam. Asian Am Pac Isl J Health 9(1):15-24.
8. Pastor, M., J. Sadd, and J. Hipp. 2001. Which came first? Toxic facilities, minority move-in and environmental justice. Journal of Urban Affairs 23(1):1-21.
9. United Church of Christ. 2007. Toxic waste at twenty 1987-2007: a report prepared for the united church of Christ justice and witness ministries.
10. 〈http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/ population/006808.html〉.
11. Sexton K., G. Gong, J. C. Bailar, J. G. Ford, D. R. Gold, W. E. Lambert, and M. J. Utell. 1993. Air pollution health risks: Do class and race matter? Toxicology and Industrial Health 9:843-878;
12. Center for Disease Control (CDC). 2005. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
13. Woodruff, T., J. Parker, et al. 2003. Disparities in exposure to air pollution during pregnancy. Environmental Health Perspectives 111(7):942-946.
14. Morello-Frosh, R., and B. Jessdale. 2006. Separate and Unequal: Residential Segregation and estimated cancer risks associated with ambient air toxics in U.S. metropolitan areas. Environmental Health Perspectives 114 (3):386-393.
15. Payne-Sturges, D., and G. C. Gee. 2006. National Environmental Health Measures for Minority and Low Income Populations: An Approach for Tracking Environmental Health Disparities. Environmental Research 102(2):154-171.
16. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System. Ambient Air Quality Data. Accessed at 〈http://www.epa.gov/air/data/reports.html〉.
17. Mintz, David, OAQPS-U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Census data by county, race/ethnicity, income and age groups for 2000 and 2004, accessed at 〈http://www.census.gov〉.
18. Brugge, D., A. Leong, et al. 2000. An environmental health survey of residents in Boston Chinatown. Journal of Immigrant Health 2(2):97-111.
19. Song, Y., G.C. Gee, Y. Fan, and D.T. Takeuchi. 2007. Do Physical Neighborhood Characteristics Matter in Predicting Traffic Stress and Health Outcomes? Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behavior 10F(2):164-176;
20. Gee, G.C., and D.T. Takeuchi. 2004. Traffic Stress, Vehicular Burden and Well-Being: A Multilevel Analysis. Social Science and Medicine 59(2):405-414.
21. Brim, S., R. Rudd, R. Funk, and D. Callahan. 2008. Asthma prevalence among US Children in underrepresented minority populations: American Indian/Alaska Native, Chinese, Filipino, and Asian Indian. Pediatrics 122(1):e217-e222.
22. Davis, A., R. Kreutzer, et al. 2006. Asthma prevalence in Hispanic and Asian American ethnic subgroups: results from the California kids survey. Pediatrics 118(2):e363-e370.
23. Greenfield, R., A. Lee, et al. 2005. Screening for asthma in Cantonese-speaking immigrant children. BMC Public Health 5:48;
24. Lee, A., D. Brugee, L. Phan. 2007. A comparison of knowledge about Asthma between Asians and non-Asians at two pediatric clinics. Journal of Immigrant Minority Health 9:245-254;
25. Lee, T., D. Brugge, et al. 2003. Asthma prevalence among inner-city Asian American schoolchildren. Public Health Reports 118: 215-219.
26. Brugge, D., A. Leong, et al. 2000. An environmental health survey of residents in Boston Chinatown. Journal of Immigrant Health 2(2):97-111.
27. Environmental Protection Agency. 1993. Respiratory Health Effects of PassiveSmoking: Lung Cancer and other Disorders;
28. Brownson, R., L. Figgs, L. Caisley. 2002. Epidemiology of environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Oncogene 21(48):7341-7348.
29. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 2006. The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke: A Report of the Surgeon General - Chapter 4: Estimates of Exposure.
30. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003. America's Children and the Environment: Measure of Contaminants, Body Burdens and Illnesses.
31. Center for Disease Control. 2005. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report;
32. Environmental Protection Agency. 2003. America's Children and the Environment: Measure of Contaminants, Body Burdens and Illnesses.
33. California Health Interview Survey. 2001. Smoking prevalence among Asian Americans in California.
34. National Asian Women's Health Organization. Smoking Among Asian Americans.
35. Muggli, M. E., et al. 2002. Targeting of Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders by the Tobacco industry: results from the Minnesota Tobacco Document Depository. Tobacco Control 11:201-209.
36. Lee, S. K., J. Sobal, and E. A. Frongillo, Jr. 2000. Acculturation and health in Korean Americans. Social Sciences and Medicine 51, 159-173;
37. Ma, G., et al. 2004. Acculturation and smoking behavior in Asian-American populations. Health Education Research, Theory and Practice 19(6):615-625.
38. Acevedo-Garcia, Dolores et al. 2004. Undoing an Epidemiological Paradox: The Tobacco Industry's Targeting of US Immigrants. American Journal of Public Health 94(12):2188-2193.
39. Hightower, J., and Dan Moore. 2003. Mercury levels in highend consumers of fish. Environmental Health Perspectives 111 (4):604-608.
40. Environmental Protection Agency. 2007. EPA's Report on the Environment.
41. Sechena, Ruth et al. 2003. Asian American and Pacific Islander seafood consumption - a community-based study in King County, Washington. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology 13:256-266;
42. Shubat, Pamela et al. 1996. Fish consumption advisories and outreach programs for Southeast Asian immigrants. Toxicology and Industrial Health 12(3=4):427-434;
43. Judd, N. L. 2003. Are seafood PCB data Sufficient to Assess Health Risk for High Seafood Consumption Groups? Human and Ecological Assessment 9(3):691-707;
44. Judd N. L., W. C. Griffith, and E. M. Faustman. 2004. Consideration of cultural and lifestyle factors in defining susceptible populations for environmental disease. Toxicology 198:121-33.
45. Mahaffey, Kathryn et al. 2004. Blood Organic Mercury and Dietary Mercury Intake: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 and 2000. Environmental Health Perspectives 112(5):562-570.
46. Hightower, Jane et al. 2006. Blood Mercury Reporting in NHANES: Identifying Asia, Pacific Islander, Native American, and Multiracial groups. Environmental Health Perspectives 114:173-175.
47. McKelvey, Wendy et al. 2007. A Biomonitoring Study of Lead, Cadmium, and Mercury in the Blood of New York City Adults. Environmental Health Perspectives 115(10):1435-1441.
48. Sechena, Ruth et al. 2003. Asian American and Pacific Islander seafood consumption - a community-based study in King County, Washington. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology 13:256-266;
49. Judd, N. L. 2003. Are seafood PCB data Sufficient to Assess Health Risk for High Seafood Consumption Groups? Human and Ecological Assessment 9(3):691-707.
50. Knobeloch, Anderson et al. 2004. Fish consumption, advisory awareness, and hair mercury levels among women of childbearing age. Environmental Research 97(2):220-227;
51. Hightower, J., and Dan Moore. 2003. Mercury levels in high-end consumers of fish. Environmental Health Perspectives 111(4):604-608;
52. Silver, E., J. Kaslow, et al. 2007. Fish consumption and advisory awareness among low-income women in California's Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Environmental Research 104:410-419.
53. EPA. 2009. Lead in paint, dust and soil. Accessed at 〈http://www. epa.gov/lead〉 on March 25, 2009. Consumer Product Safety Commission. 1977. CPSC Announces final ban on lead-containing paint. Accessed at 〈http://www.cpsc.gov〉 on March 25, 2009.
54. EPA. 2007. America's Children and the Environment. Accessed at 〈http://www.epa.gov/envirohealth/children〉 on December 5, 2007.
55. Canfield, R. L., C. R. Henderson, Jr., et al. 2003. Intellectual impairment in children with blood lead concentrations below 10 microgram per deciliter. New England Journal of Medicine 348(16):1517-26;
56. Canfield, R. L., D. A. Kreher, et al. 2003. Lowlevel lead exposure, executive functioning, and learning in early childhood. Neuropsychol Dev Cogn Sect C Child Neuropsychol 9(1):35-53;
57. Lanphear, B.P., K. Dietrich, P. Auinger, C. Cox. 2000. Cognitive deficits associated with blood lead concentrations <10 micro/dl in US children and adolescents. Public Health Rep 115: 521-529;
58. Woodruff, T. J., D. A. Axelrad, et al. 2003. America's Children and the Environment: Measures for Contaminants, Exposures, and Diseases. (Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Policy, Economics and Innovation and Office of Children's Health Protection).
59. Bellinger, D. C., and H. L. Needleman. 2003. Intellectual impairment and blood lead levels. New England Journal of Medicine 349(5): 500-2; author reply 500-2.
60. Bellinger, D. C., K. M. Stiles, et al. 1992. Low-level lead exposure, intelligence and academic achievement: a long-term follow-up study. Pediatrics 90(6): 855-61;
61. Needleman, H. L., and P. J. Landrigan. 2004. What level of lead in blood is toxic for a child? American Journal of Public Health 94(1):8; author reply 9;
62. Needleman, H. L. 1998. Childhood lead poisoning: the promise and abandonment of primary prevention. American Journal of Public Health 88(12):1871-1877;
63. Needleman, H. L., and C. A. Gatsonis. 1990. Low-level lead exposure and the IQ of children. A meta-analysis of modern studies. Journal of American Medical Association 263(5): 673-8;
64. Woodruff, T. J., D. A. Axelrad, et al. 2003. America's Children and the Environment: Measures for Contaminants, Exposures, and Diseases. (Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Policy, Economics and Innovation and Office of Children's Health Protection).
65. Braun, J. M., R. S. Kahn, B. P. Lanphear, et al. 2006. Exposures to environmental toxicants and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in U.S. children. Environmental Health Perspectives 114(12): 1904-1909; Nigg, Martel, Nikolas et al. 2007.
66. EPA. 2007. America's Children and the Environment. Accessed at 〈http://www.epa.gov/envirohealth/children〉 on December 5, 2007.
67. Tehranifar P., P. Geltman, et al. 2008. Immigration and risk of childhood lead poisoning: findings from a case control study of New York City children. American Journal of Public Health 98:92-97L.
68. Paul et al. 2001. Lead poisoning among refugee children resettled in Massachusetts, 1995 to 1999. Pediatrics 108(1):158-162;
69. Simon, Peter et al. 1989. The Risk of Lead poisoning among southeast Asian Refugee children in Rhode Island 1984-1988. Rhode Island Medical Journal 72:283-287.
70. Rhode Island Department of Health. 2003. Childhood Lead poisoning in Rhode Island: the numbers.
71. Tehranifar P., J. Leighton, et al. 2008. Immigration and risk of childhood lead poisoning: findings from a case control study of New York City children. American Journal of Public Health. 98:92-97;
72. Simon, Peter et al. 1989. The Risk of Lead poisoning among southeast Asian Refugee children in Rhode Island 1984-1988. Rhode Island Medical Journal 72:283-287.
73. Vassilev, Zdravko and Steven, Marcus, et al. 2005. Case of Elevated Blood Lead in a South Asian Family that has used sindoor for food coloring. Clinical Toxicology 43:301-303;
74. Woolf, Alan and Nicholas Woolf. 2005. Childhood Lead poisoning in 2 families associated with spices used in food preparation. Pediatrics 116(2): e314-e318;
75. Garvey, Gregory et al. 2001. Heavy Metal hazards of Asian traditional remedies. International Journal of Environmental Health 11:63-71;
76. Center for Disease Control. 1993. Lead poisoning associated with the use of traditional ethnic remedies-CA 1991-1992. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 42:521-4.
77. Associated Press. 2008. Health officials: "Folk" medicine leading cause of lead poisoning in U.S. Children. January 22, 2008.
78. Heaney C., and B. Israel. 2002. Social networks and social support. In Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research and Practice, ed. K. Glanz, B. Rimer, and F. Lewis, 185-209. San Francisco, CA: Josey-Bass.
79. Link, B. and J. Phelan. 1995. Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease. Journal of Health and Social Behavior 35:80-84.
80. Gee G. C., and A. Ro. 2009. Racism and Health among Asian and Pacific IslanderAmericans:Historical Roots andContemporary Evidence. In Health Issues in the Asian American Community, ed. C. Trinh-Shevrin, N. Islam, andM.Rey. San Francisco,CA: Jossey-Bass.