Comparing virtual reality exposure therapy to present-centered therapy with 11 U.S. Vietnam veterans with PTSD

Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 49-54

  Ready, David J ^a,b   Gerardi, Robert J ^a   Backscheider, Andrea G ^c   Mascaro, Nathan ^a   Rothbaum, Barbara Olasov ^b  

^a ATLANTA VA MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b EMORY UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; COMPUTER INTERFACE; COMPUTER SIMULATION; HUMAN; MALE; METHODOLOGY; MIDDLE AGED; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; PROBLEM SOLVING; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED STATES; VETERAN; WAR;

COMBAT DISORDERS; COMPUTER SIMULATION; HUMANS; IMPLOSIVE THERAPY; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PROBLEM SOLVING; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED STATES; USER-COMPUTER INTERFACE; VETERANS; VIETNAM CONFLICT;

EID: 77949662813     PISSN: 21522715     EISSN: 21522723     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2009.0239     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Rothbaum BO, Meadows EA, Resick P, et al. (2000) Cognitive- behavioral therapy. In Foa FB, Keane TM, Friedman M, eds. Effective treatments for PTSD: practice guidelines from the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies. New York: Guilford, pp. 60-83.
2. Zadecki J. PTSD treatment outcome: a conference report. Veterans Health System Journal 1999; 7:15-22.
3. Johnson DR, Rosenheck R, Fontana A, et al. Outcome of intensive inpatient treatment for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 1996; 153:771-777
4. Hammarberg M, Silver SM. Outcome of treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder in a primary care unit serving Vietnam veterans. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1994; 7: 195-216.
5. Rothbaum BO, Hodges LF, Ready D, et al. Virtual reality exposure therapy for Vietnam veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2001; 62:617-622
6. Dovovan B, Padin-Rivera E, Kowaliw S. ''Transcend": initial outcome from a posttraumatic stress disorder=substance abuse treatment program. Journal of Traumatic Stress 2001; 14:757-772
7. Ready DJ, Thomas KB, Worley V, et al. A field test of group based exposure therapy with 102 veterans with war-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress 2008; 21:150-157
8. Keane TM, Fairbank JA, Caddell JM et al. Implosive (flooding) therapy reduces symptoms of PTSD in Vietnam combat veterans. Behavior Therapy 1989; 20:245-260
9. Foa EB, Kozak MJ. Emotional processing of fear: exposure to corrective information. Psychological Bulletin 1986; 99: 20-35.
10. National Academies of Science Institute of Medicine Committee on Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. (2007) Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: an assessment of the evidence. ISBN: 0-309-10925-6. www.nap.edu=catalog=11955 .html (accessed Oct. 24, 2007).
11. Rothbaum BO, Hodges L, Alarcon R, et al. Virtual reality exposure therapy for PTSD Vietnam veterans: a case study. Journal of Traumatic Stress 1999; 12:263-271
12. Parsons TD, Rizzo AA. Affective outcomes of virtual reality exposure therapy for anxiety and specific phobias: a metaanalysis. Journal of Behavior Therapy & Experimental Psychiatry 2008; 39:250-261
13. Powers MB, Emmelkamp PMG. Virtual reality exposure therapy for anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 2008; 22:561-569
14. Ready DJ, Pollack S, Rothbaum BO, et al. Virtual reality exposure for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment, & Trauma 2006; 12:199-220.
15. Rothbaum BO, Ruef AM, Litz BT, et al. Virtual reality exposure therapy of combat-related PTSD: a case study using psychophysiological indicators of outcome. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 2003; 17:163-178
16. Rizzo A, Reger G, Gahm G, et al. (2008) Virtual reality exposure therapy for combat-related PTSD. In Shiromani PJ, Keane TM, LeDouz JE, eds. Post-traumatic stress disorder: Basic science and clinical practice. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, pp. 375-399
17. Reger GM, Gahm GA. Virtual reality therapy for active duty soldiers. Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session 2008; 64:940-946
18. Wood DP, Murphy J, Center K, et al. Combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a case report using virtual reality exposure therapy with physiological monitoring. Cyber- Psychology & Behavior 2007; 10:309-315
19. Wood DP, Center K, Murphy J, et al. Combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a multiple case report using virtual reality exposure therapy with physiological monitoring. CyberPsychology & Behavior 2009; 12:104.
20. Gerardi M, Rothbaum BO, Ressler K, et al. Virtual reality exposure therapy using a virtual Iraq: case report. Journal of Traumatic Stress 2008; 21:209-213
21. Gamito P, Oliveira J, Morais D, et al. War PTSD: A VR pretrial case study. Annual Review of Cybertherapy & Telemedicine 2007; 191-198.
22. Josman N, Somer E, Reisberg A, et al. BusWorld: designing a virtual environment for post-traumatic stress disorder in Israel: a protocol. CyberPsychology&Behavior 2006; 9:241-244
23. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, et al. (1995) Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders-Participant edition (SCID). New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute, Biometrics Research.
24. Blake DD, Weathers F, Nagy LM, et al. A clinician rating scale for assessing current and lifetime PTSD: the CAPS-1. Behavior Therapist 1992; 13:187-188
25. Weathers FW, Keane TM, Davidson RTJ. Clinician- Administered PTSD Scale: the first ten years of research. Depression & Anxiety 2001; 13:132-156
26. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelsohn M, et al. An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry 1961; 4:561-571
27. McDouagh A, Friedman M, Ford J, et al. Randomized trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy for chronic posttraumatic stress disorder in adult female survivors of childhood sexual abuse. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology 2005; 73:515-524
28. Meador B, Rogers C. (1973) Client-centered therapy. In Corsini R, ed. Current psychotherapies. Itasca, IL: Peacock, pp. 125-128