The COURAGE (Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation) Trial. Can We Deliver on Its Promise?

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Volumn 55, Issue 13, 2010, Pages 1359-1361

  O'Gara, Patrick T ^a  

^a BRIGHAM AND WOMEN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

Author keywords

coronary disease; medical therapy; risk factors; secondary prevention

Indexed keywords

ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CLOPIDOGREL; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR;

CLINICAL DECISION MAKING; CLINICAL TRIAL; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; CORONARY ARTERY RECANALIZATION; DRUG UTILIZATION; EDITORIAL; HEALTH CARE COST; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; LIFESTYLE MODIFICATION; MORTALITY; PATIENT COMPLIANCE; PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY OF LIFE; SECONDARY PREVENTION; TREATMENT INDICATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ANGIOPLASTY, TRANSLUMINAL, PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; HUMANS; MYOCARDIAL REVASCULARIZATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 77949550879     PISSN: 07351097     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.11.061     Document Type: Editorial

References (26)

1. Gibbons R.J., Abrams J., Chatterjee K., et al. ACC/AHA 2002 guideline update for the management of patients with chronic stable angina-summary article: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on the Management of Patients With Chronic Stable Angina). J Am Coll Cardiol 41 (2003) 159-168
2. Smith Jr. S.C., Feldman T.E., Hirshfeld Jr. J.W., et al. ACC/AHA/SCAI 2005 guideline update for percutaneous coronary intervention: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (ACC/AHA/SCAI Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for Percutaneous Coronary Interventions). J Am Coll Cardiol 47 (2006) e1-e121
3. King III S.B., Smith S.C., Hirshfeld J.W., et al. 2007 focused update of the AHA/ACC/SCAI 2005 guideline update for percutaneous intervention: American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (2007 Writing Group to Review New Evidence and Update the ACC/AHA/SCAI 2005 Guideline Update for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, on behalf of the 2005 Writing Committee). J Am Coll Cardiol 51 (2008) 172-209
4. Patel M.R., Dehmer G.J., Hirshfeld J.W., et al. ACCF/SCAI/STS/AATS/ASNC 2009 appropriateness criteria for coronary revascularization: a report by the American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriateness Criteria Task Force, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American Heart Association, and the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 53 (2009) 530-553
5. Lin G.A., Dudley R.A., Lucas F.L., et al. Frequency of stress testing to document ischemia prior to elective percutaneous coronary intervention. JAMA 300 (2008) 1765-1773
6. Boden W.E., O'Rourke R.A., Teo K.K., et al. Optimal medical therapy with or without PCI for stable coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 356 (2007) 1503-1516
7. Yusuf S., Fallen E., Harrington R.A., and Guyton R.A. Clinical decisions: management of stable coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 357 (2007) 1762-1766
8. Kereiakes D.J., Teirstein P.S., Sarembock I.J., et al. The truth and consequences of the COURAGE trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 50 (2007) 1598-1603
9. Katritsis D.G., and Ioannidis J.P. Percutaneous intervention versus conservative therapy in nonacute coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Circulation 111 (2005) 2906-2912
10. Weintraub W.S., Spertus J.A., Kolm P., et al. Effect of PCI on quality of life in patients with stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 359 (2008) 677-687
11. Shaw L.J., Berman D.S., Maron D.J., et al. Optimal medical therapy with or without percutaneous coronary intervention to reduce ischemic burden: results from the Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation (COURAGE) trial nuclear substudy. Circulation 117 (2008) 1283-1291
12. Daly C.A., De Stavola B., Sendon J.L., et al. Predicting prognosis in stable angina-results from the EuroHeart Survey of stable angina: prospective observational study. BMJ 332 (2006) 262-267
13. Hochman J.S., Lamas G.A., Buller C.E., et al. Coronary intervention for persistent occlusion after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 355 (2006) 2395-2407
14. de Winter R.J., Windhausen F., Cornel J.H., et al. Early invasive versus selectively invasive management for acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 353 (2005) 1095-1104
15. Maron D.J., Boden W.E., O'Rourke R.A., et al., COURAGE Trial Research Group. Intensive multifactorial intervention for stable coronary artery disease: optimal medical therapy in the COURAGE (Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 55 (2010) 1348-1358
16. Ho P.M., Bryson C.L., and Rumsfeld J.S. Medication adherence: its importance in cardiovascular outcomes. Circulation 119 (2009) 3028-3035
17. Newby K.L., LaPointe N.M.A., Chen A.Y., et al. Long-term adherence to evidence-based secondary prevention therapies in coronary artery disease. Circulation 113 (2006) 203-212
18. Rasmussen J.N., Chong A., and Alter D.A. Relationship between adherence to evidence-based pharmacotherapy and long-term mortality after acute myocardial infarction. JAMA 297 (2007) 177-186
19. Gislason G.H., Rasmussen J.N., Abildstrom S.Z., et al. Persistent use of evidence-based pharmacotherapy in heart failure is associated with improved outcomes. Circulation 116 (2007) 737-744
20. Gehi A.K., Ali S.A., Na B., and Whooley M.A. Self-reported medication adherence and cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Arch Intern Med 1676 (2007) 1798-1803
21. Mazzaglia G., Ambrosioni E., Alacqua M., et al. Adherence to antihypertensive medications and cardiovascular morbidity among newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. Circulation 120 (2009) 1598-1605
22. World Health Organization 2003. Adherence to Long-Term Therapy: Evidence for Action. http://www.who.int/chp/knowledge/publications/adherence_introduction.pdf Accessed February 9, 2010
23. Wood D.A., Kotseva K., Connolly S., et al. Nurse-coordinated multidisciplinary, family-base cardiovascular disease prevention programme (EUROACTION) for patients with coronary heart disease and asymptomatic individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease: a paired, cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet 371 (2008) 1999-2012
24. Choudry N.K., Patrick A.R., Antman E.M., et al. Cost-effectiveness of providing full drug coverage to increase medication adherence in post-myocardial infarction Medicare beneficiaries. Circulation 117 (2008) 1261-1268
25. Casalino L.P. Disease management and the organization of physician practice. JAMA 293 (2005) 485-488
26. Ford E.S., Ajani U.A., Croft J.B., et al. Explaining the decrease in US deaths from coronary disease 1980-2000. N Engl J Med 356 (2007) 2388-2398