Moderate anisotropy in the electrical conductivity of bulk MWCNT/epoxy composites

Carbon

Volumn 48, Issue 7, 2010, Pages 1918-1925

  Dombovari, Aron ^b   Halonen, Niina ^a   Sapi, Andras ^b   Szabo, Maria ^b   Toth, Geza ^a   Mäklin, Jani ^a   Kordas, Krisztian ^a   Juuti, Jari ^a   Jantunen, Heli ^a   Kukovecz, Akos ^b   Konya, Zoltan ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OULU   (Finland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SZEGED   (Hungary)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AC CONDUCTIVITY; AC ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES; AS-GROWN; AXIAL DIRECTION; CAPACITIVE COMPONENTS; CATALYTIC CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION; DC ELECTRICAL; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY; EPOXY COMPOSITE; EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT MODEL; NANOTUBE FILMS; ORDER OF MAGNITUDE; PERCOLATION THEORY; RESISTIVITY VALUES; TRANSVERSE DIRECTIONS;

ANISOTROPY; CARBON NANOTUBES; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; MULTIWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES (MWCN); SOLVENTS;

CARBON FILMS;

EID: 77949489566     PISSN: 00086223     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2010.01.057     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Iijima S. Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature 354 6348 (1991) 56-58
2. Ebbesen T.W., and Ajayan P.M. Large-scale synthesis of carbon nanotubes. Nature 358 6383 (1992) 220-222
3. Berber S., Kwon Y.K., and Tomanek D. Unusually high thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes. Phys Rev Lett 84 20 (2000) 4613-4616
4. Ebbesen T.W., Lezec H.J., Hiura H., Bennett J.W., Ghaemi H.F., and Thio T. Electrical conductivity of individual carbon nanotubes. Nature 382 6586 (1996) 54-56
5. Treacy M.M.J., Ebbesen T.W., and Gibson J.M. Exceptionally high Young's modulus observed for individual carbon nanotubes. Nature 381 6584 (1996) 678-680
6. Bacon R. Growth, structure, and properties of graphite whiskers. J Appl Phys 31 2 (1960) 283-290
7. Parkyn B. Handbook of fiberglass and advanced plastics composites. In: George Lubin editor. London and New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company; 1970. 894 pp, £13·75. Composites 1971;2(1):55-.
8. Ci L., Suhr J., Pushparaj V., Zhang X., and Ajayan P.M. Continuous carbon nanotube reinforced composites. Nano Lett 8 9 (2008) 2762-2766
9. Coleman J.N., Khan U., Blau W.J., and Gun'ko Y.K. Small but strong: A review of the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube-polymer composites. Carbon 44 9 (2006) 1624-1652
10. Bauhofer W., and Kovacs J.Z. A review and analysis of electrical percolation in carbon nanotube polymer composites. Compos Sci Technol 69 10 (2009) 1486-1498
11. Jung Y.J., Kar S., Talapatra S., Soldano C., Viswanathan G., Li X.S., et al. Aligned carbon nanotube-polymer hybrid architectures for diverse flexible electronic applications. Nano Lett 6 3 (2006) 413-418
12. Li X.S., Zhang X.F., Ci L.J., Shah R., Wolfe C., Kar S., et al. Air-assisted growth of ultra-long carbon nanotube bundles. Nanotechnology 19 45 (2008) 7
13. Halonen N., Kordas K., Toth G., Mustonen T., Maklin J., Vahakangas J., et al. Controlled CCVD synthesis of robust multiwalled carbon nanotube films. J Phys Chem C 112 17 (2008) 6723-6728
14. Behler K., Osswald S., Ye H., Dimovski S., and Gogotsi Y. Effect of thermal treatment on the structure of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. J Nanoparticle Res 8 5 (2006) 615-625
15. Naguib N., Ye H.H., Gogotsi Y., Yazicioglu A.G., Megaridis C.M., and Yoshimura M. Observation of water confined in nanometer channels of closed carbon nanotubes. Nano Lett 4 11 (2004) 2237-2243
16. Garcia E.J., Hart A.J., Wardle B.L., and Slocum A.H. Fabrication and nanocompression testing of aligned carbon-nanotube-polymer nanocomposites. Adv Mater 19 16 (2007) 2151-2156
17. Garcia E.J., Hart A.J., Wardle B.L., and Slocum A.H. Fabrication of composite microstructures by capillarity-driven wetting of aligned carbon nanotubes with polymers. Nanotechnology 18 (2007) (16)
18. Russell J.D., Madhukar M.S., Genidy M.S., and Lee A.Y. A new method to reduce cure-induced stresses in thermoset polymer composites, part III: Correlating stress history to viscosity, degree of cure, and cure shrinkage. J Compos Mater 34 22 (2000) 1926-1947
19. Cascaval C.N., Mustata F., and Rosu D. Viscosity characteristics of some para-nonylphenol formaldehyde novolac epoxy-resins. Angew Makromol Chem 209 (1993) 157-166
20. Roller M.B. Characterization of time-temperature-viscosity behavior of curing b-staged epoxy-resin. Polym Eng Sci 15 6 (1975) 406-414
21. Tajima Y.A. Monitoring cure viscosity of epoxy composite. Polym Compos 3 3 (1982) 162-169
22. Guadagno L., Vertuccio L., Sorrentino A., Raimondo M., Naddeo C., Vittoria V., et al. Mechanical and barrier properties of epoxy resin filled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Carbon 47 10 (2009) 2419-2430
23. Zhang F.H., Wang R.G., He X.D., Wang C., and Ren L.N. Interfacial shearing strength and reinforcing mechanisms of an epoxy composite reinforced using a carbon nanotube/carbon fiber hybrid. J Mater Sci 44 13 (2009) 3574-3577
24. Raravikar N.R., Schadler L.S., Vijayaraghavan A., Zhao Y.P., Wei B.Q., and Ajayan P.M. Synthesis and characterization of thickness-aligned carbon nanotube-polymer composite films. Chem Mater 17 5 (2005) 974-983
25. Lordi V., and Yao N. Molecular mechanics of binding in carbon-nanotubepolymer composites. J Mater Res 15 12 (2000) 2770-2779
26. Burke P.J. Luttinger liquid theory as a model of the gigahertz electrical properties of carbon nanotubes. Ieee Trans Nanotechnol 1 3 (2002) 129-144
27. Stauffer D., and Aharony A. Introduction to percolation theory (1994), CRC
28. Deng H., Zhang R., Bilotti E., Loos J., and Peijs T. Conductive Polymer Tape Containing Highly Oriented Carbon Nanofillers. J Appl Polym Sci 113 2 (2009) 742-751
29. Rahatekar S.S., Hamm M., Shaffer M.S.P., and Elliott J.A. Mesoscale modeling of electrical percolation in fiber-filled systems. J Chem Phys. 123 (2005) (13)
30. Martin C.A., Sandler J.K.W., Shaffer M.S.P., Schwarz M.K., Bauhofer W., Schulte K., et al. Formation of percolating networks in multi-wall carbon-nanotube-epoxy composites. Compos Sci Technol 64 15 (2004) 2309-2316
31. Zhang J., Mine M., Zhu D., and Matsuo M. Electrical and dielectric behaviors and their origins in the three-dimensional polyvinyl alcohol/MWCNT composites with low percolation threshold. Carbon 47 5 (2009) 1311-1320
32. Balberg I., Anderson C.H., Alexander S., and Wagner N. Excluded volume and its relation to the onset of percolation. Phys Rev B 30 7 (1984) 3933-3943
33. Bug A.L.R., Safran S.A., and Webman I. Continuum percolation of rods. Phys Rev Lett 54 13 (1985) 1412-1415
34. Philipse A.P. The random contact equation and its implications for (colloidal) rods in packings, suspensions, and anisotropic powders. Langmuir 12 5 (1996) 1127-1133
35. Vygornitskii N.V., Lisetskii L.N., and Lebovka N.I. Percolation in the model of random successive adhesion of anisotropic particles. Coll J 69 5 (2007) 557-562
36. Li J., Ma P.C., Chow W.S., To C.K., Tang B.Z., and Kim J.K. Correlations between percolation threshold, dispersion state, and aspect ratio of carbon nanotubes. Adv Funct Mater 17 16 (2007) 3207-3215
37. Celzard A., McRae E., Deleuze C., Dufort M., Furdin G., and Mareche J.F. Critical concentration in percolating systems containing a high-aspect-ratio filler. Phys Rev B 53 10 (1996) 6209-6214
38. Dalmas F., Dendievel R., Chazeau L., Cavaille J.Y., and Gauthier C. Carbon nanotube-filled polymer of electrical conductivity in composites. Numerical simulation three-dimensional entangled fibrous networks. Acta Mater 54 11 (2006) 2923-2931
39. Andrew R, Patrick C, John H. Nanotubes for conductive plastics move to the next performance level. SAE 2002 World congress and exhibition, session: advances in plastic components processes & technology (Part C&D). Detroit, MI, USA: Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.; 2002.