Statistical assessments of anthropogenic and natural global climate forcing. An update

Meteorologische Zeitschrift

Volumn 19, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 3-10

  Schönwiese, Christian D ^a   Walter, Andreas ^b   Brinckmann, Sven ^a  

^a GOETHE UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^b DEUTSCHER WETTERDIENST   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECTS; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; DOMINANT FACTOR; GLOBAL CLIMATES; MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSIONS; NONLINEAR NEURAL NETWORKS; SOLAR ACTIVITY; SOLAR SIGNALS; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL ASSESSMENT; SULPHATE AEROSOL; SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURES; TEST PROCEDURES;

AEROSOLS; ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; CLIMATOLOGY; GLOBAL WARMING; GREENHOUSE GASES; LINEAR REGRESSION; SOLAR ENERGY;

NEURAL NETWORKS;

AEROSOL; AIR TEMPERATURE; ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECT; CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATE FORCING; CLIMATE VARIATION; EL NINO; GLOBAL CLIMATE; GLOBAL WARMING; GREENHOUSE GAS; SOLAR ACTIVITY; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; SULFATE; TROPOSPHERE; VOLCANISM;

EID: 77949461116     PISSN: 09412948     EISSN: 16101227     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1127/0941-2948/2010/0421     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. BROHAN, P., J.J. KENNEDY, I. HARRIS, S.F.B. TETT, P.D. JONES, 2006: Uncertainty estimates in regional and global observed temperature changes: a new dataset from 1850. - J. Geophys. Res. 111, D12106, DOI:10.1029/2005JD006548.
2. CHARLSON, R.J., S.E. SCHWARTZ, J.M. HALES, R.D. CESS, J.A. COAKLEY, JR., J.E. HANSEN, D.J. HOFFMAN, 1992: Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols. - Science 255, 423-430.
3. CUBASCH, U., K. HASSELMANN, H. HÖCK, E. MAIERREIMER, U. MIKOLAJEWICZ, B.D. SANTER, R. SAUSEN, 1992: Time-dependent greenhouse warming computations with a coupled ocean-atmosphere model. - Climate Dynam. 8, 55-69.
4. 18O record of climate variability in Galapagos corals. - Paleooceanogr. 9, 291-315.
5. GRIESER, J., C.-D. SCHÖNWIESE, 1999: Parameterization of spatio-temporal patterns of volcanic aerosol induced stratospheric optical depth and its climate radiative forcing. - Atmósfera 12, 111-133.
6. HEGERL, G.C., et. al. 2007: Understanding and attributing climate change. - In: IPCC, 2007: Climate Change 2007. The Physical Science Basis, 663-745.
7. IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) 2001: Climate Change 2001, The Scientific Basis, HOUGHTON J.T. et al. (Eds.) - Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 881 pp.
8. -, 2007: Climate Change 2007. The Physical Science Basis, SOLOMON S. et al. (Eds.) - Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 969 pp.
9. JONES, P.D., M. NEW, D.E. PARKER, S. MARTIN, I.G. RIGOR, 1999: Surface air temperature and its changes over the past 150 years. - Rev. Geophys. 37, 173-199.
10. LEAN, J., 2009: Revised and updated solar irradiance data. Pers. comm.
11. LEAN, J., D.H. RIND, 2008: How natural and anthropogenic influences alter global and regional surface temperatures 1889 to 2006. - Geophys. Res. Lett. 35, L18701, DOI: 10.1029/2008GL034864.
12. LEAN, J., J. BEER, R. BRADLEY, 1995: Reconstruction of solar irradiance since 1610: implications for climate change. - Geophys. Res. Lett. 22, 3195-3198.
13. MCCORMICK, P.M., L.W. THOMASON, C.E. TREPTE, 1995: Atmospheric effects of Mt Pinatubo eruption. - Nature 373, 399-404.
14. 2 in the past two centuries. - Nature 315, 45-47.
15. QUINN, W.H., D.O. ZOPF, KS. SHORT, R.T.W. KUO YANG, 1978: Historical trends and statistics of the Southern Oscillation, El Niño, and Indonesian droughts. - Fish. Bull. 76, 663-678.
16. ROPELEWSKI, C.F., P.D. JONES, 1987: An extension of the Tahiti-Darwin Southern Oscillation Index. - Mon. Wea. Rev. 115, 2161-2165.
17. RUMELHART, D.E., J.L. MC CLELLAND (Eds.), 1986: Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition. - MIT Press, Cambridge (MA, USA), 1168 pp.
18. 2 climate response problem. A statistical approach. - Theor. Appl. Climatol. 37, 1-14.
19. SCHÖNWIESE, C.-D., M. DENHARD, J. GRIESER, A. WALTER, 1997: Assessments of the global anthropogenic greenhouse and sulfate signal using different types of simplified climate models. - Theor. Appl. Climatol. 57, 119-124.
20. STAEGER, T., 1998: Statistische Analyse des ENSO- und Vulkanismus-Signals in Klimazeitreihen. - Diploma Thesis, Inst. Meteorol. Geophys. Univ. Frankfurt/M. (Germany), 84 pp.
21. STAEGER, T., J. GRIESER, C.-D. SCHÖNWIESE, 2003: Statistical separation of observed global and European climate data into natural and anthropogenic signals. - Climate Res. 24, 3-13.
22. TRICOT, C., A. BERGER 1987: Modelling the equilibrium and transient responses of global temperature to past and future gas concentration. - Climate Dynam. 2, 39-61.
23. WALTER, A., 2001: Zur Anwendung neuronaler Netze in der Klimatologie. - Bericht Nr. 218, Deutscher Wetterdienst, 168 pp.
24. WALTER, A., C.-D. SCHÖNWIESE, 2002: Attribution and detection of anthropogenic climate change using a backpropagation neural network. - Meteorol. Z. 11, 335-343.
25. -, 2003:Nonlinear statistical attribution and detection of anthropogenic climate change using a simulated annealing algorithm. - Theor. Appl. Climatol. 76, 1-12.
26. WALTER, A., M. DENHARD, C.-D. SCHÖNWIESE, 1998: Simulation of global and hemispheric temperature variations and signal detection studies using neural networks. -Meteorol. Z. 7, 171-180.
27. WUEBBLES, D.J., M.C. MACCRACKEN, F.M. LUTHER, 1984: A proposed reference set of scenarios for radiatively active atmospheric constituents. - IS Department of Energy (DOE), Carbon Dioxide Research Division, Washington. Tech. Report No. 015.