메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 330-339

Conundrums with Uncertainty Factors: Perspective

Author keywords

Benchmark dose; LOAEL; NOAEL; Uncertainty factors

Indexed keywords

BAYESIAN; BENCHMARK DOSE; CURRENT PRACTICES; ILL-CONDITIONED; INDEPENDENCE ASSUMPTION; LINEAR DEPENDENCE; MARGIN OF SAFETY; NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL; NON-PARAMETRIC; PROBABILISTIC ARGUMENTS; PROBABILISTIC INTERPRETATION; QUANTITATIVE RISK; RATIOS OF RESPONSE; REFERENCE VALUES; REGRESSION MODEL; RESPONSE RATE; RISK QUANTIFICATION; SUBCHRONIC; UNCERTAINTY FACTORS;

EID: 77949369330     PISSN: 02724332     EISSN: 15396924     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01336.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (15)

References (25)
  • 2
    • 61349184579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Research Council of the National Academies. WashingtonDC
    • National Research Council of the National Academies. Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk Assessment. Washington DC, 2009.
    • (2009) Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk Assessment.
  • 4
    • 0021054771 scopus 로고
    • Regulatory history and experimental support of uncertainty (safety) factors
    • Dourson ML, Stara JF. Regulatory history and experimental support of uncertainty (safety) factors. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 1983 3 : 224 238.
    • (1983) Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology , vol.3 , pp. 224-238
    • Dourson, M.L.1    Stara, J.F.2
  • 5
    • 0141480662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Environmental Protection Agency. Available at: EPA/630/p-02/002f.final report, Accessed in December 2002.
    • US Environmental Protection Agency. A review of the reference dose and reference concentration processes. Available at: EPA/630/p-02/002f.final report, Accessed in December 2002.
    • A Review of the Reference Dose and Reference Concentration Processes
  • 6
    • 77949382434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). Available at. Accessed on November 7, 2009.
    • Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). Available at : http://www.epa.gov/ncea/iris/help-gloss.htm#u, Accessed on November 7, 2009.
  • 8
    • 21444433709 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the use of uncertainty factors in deriving RfDs
    • Abdel-Rahman M, Kadry AM. Studies on the use of uncertainty factors in deriving RfDs. Human Ecological Risk Assessment, 1995 1 (5 614 624.
    • (1995) Human Ecological Risk Assessment , vol.1 , Issue.5 , pp. 614-624
    • Abdel-Rahman, M.1    Kadry, A.M.2
  • 9
    • 0032868107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment factors for human health risk assessment: A discussion paper
    • Vermeire T, Stevenson H, Pieters MN, et al. Assessment factors for human health risk assessment: A discussion paper. Critical Reviews in Toxiocology, 1999 29 (5 439 490.
    • (1999) Critical Reviews in Toxiocology , vol.29 , Issue.5 , pp. 439-490
    • Vermeire, T.1    Stevenson, H.2    Pieters, M.N.3
  • 12
    • 0032411446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A probabilistic approach for deriving acceptable human intake limits and human health risks from toxicological studies: General framework
    • Slob W, Pieters MN. A probabilistic approach for deriving acceptable human intake limits and human health risks from toxicological studies: General framework. Risk Analysis, 1998 18 : 787 789.
    • (1998) Risk Analysis , vol.18 , pp. 787-789
    • Slob, W.1    Pieters, M.N.2
  • 13
    • 22044431800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accounting for missing data in noncancer risk assessment
    • Evans JS, Baird SJS. Accounting for missing data in noncancer risk assessment. Human Ecological Risk Assessment, 1998 4 : 291 317.
    • (1998) Human Ecological Risk Assessment , vol.4 , pp. 291-317
    • Evans, J.S.1    Baird, S.J.S.2
  • 14
    • 0027404214 scopus 로고
    • Lack of total independence of uncertainty factors (Ufs): Implications for the size of the total uncertainty factor
    • Calabrese EJ, Gilbert CE. Lack of total independence of uncertainty factors (Ufs): Implications for the size of the total uncertainty factor. Regulatory, Toxicology and Pharmacology, 1993 17 : 44 51.
    • (1993) Regulatory, Toxicology and Pharmacology , vol.17 , pp. 44-51
    • Calabrese, E.J.1    Gilbert, C.E.2
  • 15
    • 21444461627 scopus 로고
    • A toxicological basis to derive generic interspecies uncertainty factors for application in human and ecological risk assessment
    • Calabrese EJ, Baldwin LA. A toxicological basis to derive generic interspecies uncertainty factors for application in human and ecological risk assessment. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, 1995 1 (5 555 564.
    • (1995) Human and Ecological Risk Assessment , vol.1 , Issue.5 , pp. 555-564
    • Calabrese, E.J.1    Baldwin, L.A.2
  • 16
    • 0036386331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A straw man proposal for a quantitative definition of the RfD
    • Hattis D, Baird S, Goble R. A straw man proposal for a quantitative definition of the RfD. Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2002 25 (4 403 436.
    • (2002) Drug and Chemical Toxicology , vol.25 , Issue.4 , pp. 403-436
    • Hattis, D.1    Baird, S.2    Goble, R.3
  • 17
    • 0033780785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporating model uncertainties along with data uncertainties in microbial risk assessment
    • Kang S-H, Kodell RL, Chen JJ. Incorporating model uncertainties along with data uncertainties in microbial risk assessment. Regulatory, Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2000 32 : 68 72.
    • (2000) Regulatory, Toxicology and Pharmacology , vol.32 , pp. 68-72
    • Kang, S.-H.1    Kodell, R.L.2    Chen, J.J.3
  • 18
    • 0347052822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probabilistic framework for the estimation of adult and child toxicokinetic intraspecies uncertainty factors
    • Pekelis M, Nicolich MJ, Gauthier JS. Probabilistic framework for the estimation of adult and child toxicokinetic intraspecies uncertainty factors. Risk Analysis, 2003 23 (6 1239 1255.
    • (2003) Risk Analysis , vol.23 , Issue.6 , pp. 1239-1255
    • Pekelis, M.1    Nicolich, M.J.2    Gauthier, J.S.3
  • 19
    • 0033451217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining uncertainty factors in deriving human exposure levels of noncarcinogenic toxicants
    • Kodell RL, Gaylor DW. Combining uncertainty factors in deriving human exposure levels of noncarcinogenic toxicants. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1999 895 : 188 195.
    • (1999) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , vol.895 , pp. 188-195
    • Kodell, R.L.1    Gaylor, D.W.2
  • 20
    • 0034094567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Percentiles of the product of uncertainty factors for establishing probabilistic risk doses
    • Gaylor DW, Kodell RL. Percentiles of the product of uncertainty factors for establishing probabilistic risk doses. Risk Analysis, 2000 20 : 245 250.
    • (2000) Risk Analysis , vol.20 , pp. 245-250
    • Gaylor, D.W.1    Kodell, R.L.2
  • 21
    • 0032438553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Empirical scaling of single oral lethal doses across mammalian species based on a large database
    • Rhomberg LR, Wolff SK. Empirical scaling of single oral lethal doses across mammalian species based on a large database. Risk Analysis, 1998 18 (6 741 753.
    • (1998) Risk Analysis , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 741-753
    • Rhomberg, L.R.1    Wolff, S.K.2
  • 22
    • 70350109561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prepared for Risk Assessment Forum, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue. N.W. Washington, DC. April 2, 2004.
    • Rhomberg LR, Lewandowski TA. Methods for identifying a default cross-species scaling factor. Prepared for Risk Assessment Forum, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC, April 2, 2004.
    • Methods for Identifying A Default Cross-species Scaling Factor
    • Rhomberg, L.R.1    Lewandowski, T.A.2
  • 23
    • 77949417093 scopus 로고
    • WASH-1400 Reactor Safety Study. Washington, DC: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
    • WASH-1400 Reactor Safety Study. Washington, DC : U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1975.
    • (1975)
  • 24
    • 77949392828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. Washington, DC: Risk Assessment Forum, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. EPA/630/P P3/001F
    • Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. Washington, DC : Risk Assessment Forum, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/630/P P3/001F, March 2005.
    • (2005)


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.