Measurement and testing of the acoustic properties of materials: A review

Metrologia

Volumn 47, Issue 2, 2010, Pages

  Zeqiri, Bajram ^a   Scholl, Werner ^b   Robinson, Stephen P ^a  

^a NATIONAL PHYSICAL LABORATORY   (United Kingdom)

^b Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt ^*  (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AIRBORNE SOUND; APPLICATION AREA; FUTURE CHALLENGES; METHODS OF MEASUREMENT; TRANSMISSION LOSS;

ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES; MATERIALS PROPERTIES; MATERIALS TESTING;

UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS;

EID: 77949362981     PISSN: 00261394     EISSN: 16817575     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/0026-1394/47/2/S13     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. ISO 140-1 Acoustics - measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements: I. Requirements for laboratory test facilities with suppressed flanking transmission
2. ISO 140-3 Acoustics - measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements: III. Laboratory measurements of airborne sound insulation of building elements
3. ISO 717-1 Acoustics - rating of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements: I. Airborne sound insulation
4. Wittstock V 2006-2009 Reports for Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik, Berlin
5. EN 12354-1 Building acoustics - estimation of acoustic performance of buildings from the performance of elements: I. airborne sound insulation between rooms
6. ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008 Uncertainty of measurement: III. Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement
7. VDI 4100 Noise control in dwellings - criteria for planning and assessment
8. ISO 140-2 Acoustics; measurement of sound insulation in buildings and of building elements: II. Determination, verification and application of precision data
9. DIN 4109 Schallschutz im Hochbau 1989
10. Gibbs B M, Qi N and Moorhouse A T 2007 A practical characterisation for vibro- acoustic sources in buildings Acta Acustica united with Acustica 93 84-93
11. Scholl W 2009 Structure-borne sound excitation by occupants in dwellings ('user-noise') Proc. NOVEM 2009 (Oxford, UK)
12. Wells P N T 2006 Ultrasound imaging Phys. Med. Biol. 51 R83-98
13. Shaw A and Hekkenberg R T 2007 Standards to support performance evaluation for diagnostic ultrasound imaging equipment NPL Report AC2
14. Browne J E, Watson A J, Gibson N M, Dudley N J and Elliott A T 2004 Objective measurements of image quality Ultrasound Med. Biol. 30 229-37
15. International Commission on Radiation Units Measurements 1998 Tissue substitutes, phantoms and computational modelling in medical ultrasound ICRU Report 61
16. Madsen E L, Zagzebski J A and Frank G 1982 Oil in gelatine dispersions for use as ultrasonically tissue-mimicking materials Ultrasound Med. Biol. 8 277-87
17. Browne J E, Ramnarine K V, Watson A J and Hoskins P R 2003 Assessment of the acoustic properties of common tissue-mimicking test phantoms Ultrasound Med. Biol. 29 1053-60
18. Stiles T A, Madsen E L, Frank G R, Diehl T and Lucey J A 2005 Tissue mimicking liquid for use in exposimetry J. Ultrasound Med. 24 501-16
19. IEC6185 2002 Ultrasonics - Flow Measurement Systems - Flow Test Object (Geneva: International Electrotechnical Commission)
20. Madsen E L, Frank G R, Carson P L, Edmonds P D, Frizzell L A, Herman B A, Kremkau F W, O'Brien W D Jr, Parker K J and Robinson R A 1986 Interlaboratory comparison of ultrasonic attenuation and speed measurements J. Ultrasound Med. 5 569-76
21. Madsen E L et al 1999 Interlaboratory comparison of ultrasonic backscatter, attenuation, and speed measurements J. Ultrasound Med. 18 615-31
22. Wear K A et al 2004 Interlaboratory comparison of ultrasonic backscatter coefficient measurements from 2 to 9 MHz J. Ultrasound Med. 24 1235-50
23. Hill C R 2004 Physical Principles of Medical Ultrasonics 2nd edn ed C R Hill et al (New York: Wiley)
24. Bamber J C 2004 Attenuation and absorption Physical Principles of Medical Ultrasonics 2nd edn ed C R Hill et al (New York: Wiley) pp 93-166
25. Robinson S P 1991 Hydrophones Output Measurements for Medical Ultrasound ed R C Preston (London: Springer) pp 57-73
26. Preston R C, Bacon D R, Livett A J and Rajendran K 1983 PVDF membrane hydrophone performance properties and their relevance to the measurement of the acoustic output of medical ultrasonic equipment J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum. 16 786-96
27. Costa E T, Leeman S and Hoddinott J C 1986 A new approach to measurements of three-dimensional pulses: Linear and non-linear fields Physics of Medical Ultraosund II Institute of Physical Sciences in Medicine Report No 57 pp 87-93
28. Zeqiri B 1996 Validation of a diffraction correction model for through-transmission substitution measurements of ultrasonic absorption and phase velocity J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 99 996-1001
29. Zeqiri B 1992 Errors in attenuation measurements due to nonlinear propagation effects J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 91 2585-93
30. Pinkerton 1947 A pulse method for the measurement of ultrasonic absorption in liquids: results for water Nature 160 128-9
31. Bamber J C 2004 Speed of sound Physical Principles of Medical Ultrasonics 2nd edn ed C R Hill et al (New York: Wiley) pp 167-90
32. Giacomini A 1947 Ultrasonic velocity in water-ethanol mixtures J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 19 701-2
33. Law W K, Frizzell L A and Dunn F 1983 Comparison of thermodynamic and finite amplitude methods of B/A measurement in biological materials J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 74 1295-7
34. Gong X-F, Zhu Z-M, Shi T and Huang J-H 1989 Determination of the acoustic nonlinearity parameter in biological media using FAIS and ITD methods J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 86 1-5
35. Beyer R T 1974 Nonlinear Acoustics (Washington, DC: Naval Ships Systems Command)
36. Gong X-F, Feng R, Zhu C-Y and Shi T 1984 Ultrasonic investigation of the nonlinearity parameter B/A in biological media J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 76 949-50
37. Dong F, Madsen E L, MacDonald M C and Zagzebski J A 1999 Nonlinearity parameter for tissue-mimicking materials Ultrasound Med. Biol. 25 831-8
38. Lloyd C W, Wallace K D, Holland M R and Miller J G 2007 Plane wave source with minimal harmonic distortion for investigating nonlinear acoustic properties J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 122 91-6
39. Harris G R, Liu Y and Maruvada S 2007 Finite amplitude method for measurement of nonlinearity parameter B/A using plane-wave tone-bursts 2007 IEEE Ultrason. Symp. Proc. 2072-4
40. Dickinson R J and Nassiri D K 2004 Reflection and scattering Physical Principles of Medical Ultrasonics 2nd edn ed C R Hill et al (New York: Wiley) pp 191-222
41. Esward T J and Blakey J R 1998 Development of a novel system for measurement of the angular scattering of ultrasound by inhomogeneous materials Ultrasonics 36 667-77
42. Chen J-F and Zagzebski J A 1993 Tests of backscatter coefficient measurement using broadband pulses IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 40 603-7
43. Lubbers J and Graaff R 2006 Flat-ended steel wire, backscattering targets for calibrating over a wide dynamic range J. Ultrasound. Med. Biol. 32 1585-99
44. Faran J J 1951 Sound scattering by solid cylinders and spheres J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 23 405-18
45. Dunn F and Breyer J E 1962 Generation and detection of ultra-highfrequency sound in liquids J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 34 775-8
46. Zeqiri B 1989 Reference liquid for ultrasonic attenuation Ultrasonics 27 314-5
47. Bobber R 1988 Underwater Electroacoustic Measurements (USA: Peninsula Press)
48. Audoly C 1992 Global characterisation of acoustic panels at normal incidence for underwater applications Acustica 76 129-36
49. Ferry J D 1980 Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers 3rd edn (New York: Wiley)
50. Ray P 1996 Direct determination of dynamic compressibility modulus: introducing the K meter and experimental difficulties Acust.- Acta Acust. 82 431-41
51. Williams M L, Landel R F and Ferry J D 1955 J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77 3701
52. McKinney J E, Edelman S and Marvin R S 1956 Apparatus for the determination of the dynamic bulk modulus J. Appl. Phys. 27 425-31
53. Burns J, Dubbleday P S and Ting R Y 1990 Dynamic bulk modulus of various elastomers J. Polym. Sci.: Part B: Polym. Phys. 28 1187-205
54. Dubbleday P S and Burns J 1991 Dynamic bulk modulus of soft elastomers J. Wave-Mater. Interact. 5 and 6 181-210
55. Read B E and Dean G D 1978 The Determination of Dynamic Properties of Polymers and Composites (Bristol: Adam Hilger)
56. Kuhl W, Oberst H and Skudrzyk E 1953 Impulsverfahren zur Messung der Reflexion von Wasserschallabsorbern in Rohren Acustica 3 421-33
57. Kuhl W 1953 Die Eigenscahften wassergefüllter Rohre für Widerstans und Schallgeschwindigkeitsmessumgen Acustica 3 111-23
58. Beranek L L 1988 Acoustical Measurements (New York: Acoustical Society of America) chapter 7 pp 294-353
59. Dalmont J P 2001 Acoustic impedance measurement: I. A review J. Sound Vib. 242 427-39
60. Carroll N L, Pamley R J and Smith J D 1998 Materials characterisation using impedance tube techniques Proc. I.O.A. 20 79-86
61. Beatty L G 1964 Acoustic impedance in a rigid-walled cylindrical sound channel; terminated at both ends with active transducers J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 36 1081-9
62. Piquette J C and Forsythe S E 2001 Low-frequency echo-reduction and insertion loss measurements from small passive-material samples under ocean environmental temperatures and hydrostatic pressures J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110 1998-2006
63. Sabin G A 1966 Acoustic impedance measurements at high hydrostatic pressures J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 40 1345-53
64. Dunlop J I 1992 Measurement of acoustic attenuation in marine sediments by impedance measurements J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 81 460-9
65. Rudgers A J and Solvold C A 1984 Apparatus-independent acoustical material characteristics obtained from panel test measurements J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 76 926-34
66. Humphrey V F, Robinson S P, Smith J D, Martin M J, Beamiss G A, Hayman G and Carroll N L 2008 Acoustic characterisation of panel materials under simulated ocean conditions using a parametric array source J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 124 803-14
67. Audoly C and Giangreco C 1991 Global characterisation of acoustic multilayer panels for underwater applications J. Wave-Mater. Interact. 5 and 6 55-77
68. Piquette J C 2004 Shear material property determination from underwater acoustic panel tests J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 115 2110-21
69. Hagelberg M P and Corsaro R H 1985 A small pressurised vessel for measuring the acoustic properties of materials J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 77 1222-8
70. Humphrey V F 1985 The measurement of acoustic properties of limited size panels by use of a parametric source J. Sound Vib. 98 67-81
71. Sachs D A 1980 Edge diffraction interference in baffle performance measurements J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 68 (Suppl. 1) S85
72. Piquette J C 1994 Direct measurement of edge diffraction from soft underwater acoustic panels J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 95 3090-9
73. Piquette J C 1991 Technique for detecting the presence of finite sample-size effects in transmitted-wave measurements made on multiplayer underwater acoustic panels J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 90 2831-42
74. Trivett D H and Robinson A Z 1981 Modified Prony method approach to echo reduction measurements J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 70 1166-75
75. Piquette J C 1996 Some new techniques for panel measurements J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 100 3227-36
76. Piquette J C 1986 An analytical technique for reducing the influence of edge diffraction in reflection measurements made on thin acoustical panels J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 80 19-27
77. Audoly C and Giangreco C 1990 Improvement of measurement of the transmission coefficient of panels at normal incidence using surface receivers J. Acoust. 3 369-379
78. Humphrey V F 1988 Applications of parametric acoustic arrays in laboratory scale experiments Proc. I.O.A. 10 37-55
79. Piquette J C and Paolero A E 2003 Phase change measurement, and speed of sound and attenuation determination, from underwater acoustic panel tests J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 113 1518-25
80. Humphrey V F and Berktay H O 1985 The transmission coefficient of a panel measured with a parametric source J. Sound Vib. 101 85-106
81. Martin M J, Robinson S P, Smith J and Humphrey V F 2008 The underwater acoustic testing of modest sized panel materials using a multi-element array technique in a laboratory test vessel J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 123 3591