The effect of time spent in treatment and dropout status on rates of convictions, cautions and imprisonment over 5 years in a primary care-led methadone maintenance service

Addiction

Volumn 105, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 732-739

  Oliver, Phillip ^a,b   Keen, Jenny ^c   Rowse, Georgina ^a   Ewins, Elizabeth ^b   Griffiths, Laura ^b   Mathers, Nigel ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Crime; Heroin; Methadone; Methadone maintenance treatment; MMT; Primary care

Indexed keywords

METHADONE; NARCOTIC AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; CRIME; DRUG DEPENDENCE TREATMENT; FEMALE; GENERAL PRACTICE; HEROIN DEPENDENCE; HUMAN; LEGAL ASPECT; LONG TERM CARE; MALE; PATIENT; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRISON; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; STATISTICS; TIME; TREATMENT OUTCOME; UNITED KINGDOM;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; COHORT STUDIES; CRIME; ENGLAND; FAMILY PRACTICE; FEMALE; HEROIN DEPENDENCE; HUMANS; LONG-TERM CARE; MALE; METHADONE; NARCOTICS; PATIENT DROPOUTS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; PRISONS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT CENTERS; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 77949360543     PISSN: 09652140     EISSN: 13600443     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02856.x     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Hutchinson S., Taylor A., Gruer L., Barr C., Mills C., Elliott L. et al. One-year follow-up of opiate injectors treated with oral methadone in a GP-centred programme. Addiction 2000 95 : 1055 1068.
2. Gossop M., Trakada K., Stewart D., Witton J. Reductions in criminal activity after addiction treatment: 5 year follow-up. Drug Alcohol Depend 2005 79 : 295 302.
3. Maher L., Dixon D., Hall W., Lynskey M. Property crime and income generation by heroin users. Aust NZ J Criminol 2002 35 : 187 202.
4. Ball J. C., Schaffer J. W., Nurco D. N. The day-to-day criminality of heroin addicts in Baltimore - a study in the continuity of offences rates. Drug Alcohol Depend 1992 12 : 119 142.
5. Marsch L. A. The efficacy of methadone maintenance interventions in reducing illicit opiate use, HIV risk behaviour and criminality: a meta-analysis. Addiction 1988 93 : 515 532.
6. Lind B., Chen S. L., Weatherburn D., Mattick R. The effectiveness of methadone maintenance treatment in controlling crime - an Australian aggregate-level analysis. Br J Criminality 2005 45 : 201 211.
7. Ball J., Ross A. The Effectiveness of Methadone Maintenance Treatment. New York : Springer Verlag 1991.
8. Farrell M., Ward J., Mattick R., Hall W., Stimson G. V., des Jarlais D. et al. Methadone maintenance treatment in opiate dependence: a review. BMJ 1994 309 : 997 1001.
9. Hall W., Ward J., Mattick R. The effectiveness of MMT: heroin use and crime. In : Ward J., Mattick R., Hall W., editors. Methadone Maintenance Treatment and Other Opioid Replacement Therapies. Amsterdam : Harwood Academic 1998, p. 17 58.
10. Barnett P. G. The cost-effectiveness of methadone maintenance as a health care intervention. Addiction 1999 94 : 479 488.
11. Keen J. Managing drug misuse in general practice: new Department of Health Guidelines provide a benchmark for good practice. BMJ 1999 318 : 1503.
12. Department of Health. Models of care for treatment of adult drug misusers: framework for developing local systems effective drug misuse treatment in England. National Treatment Agency, Available from http://www.nta.nhs.uk/ publications/documents/nta-modelsofcare1-2002-moc1.pdf (accessed 9 February 2010).
13. Keen J., Oliver P., Rowse G., Mathers N. Does methadone maintenance treatment based on the new national guidelines work in a primary care setting? Br J Gen Pract 2003 53 : 461 467.
14. Gossop M., Marsden J., Stewart D., Lehmann P., Strang J. Methadone treatment practices and outcome for opiate addicts treated in drug clinics and in general practice: results from the National Treatment Outcome Research Study. Br J Gen Pract 1999 49 : 31 4.
15. Keen J., Rowse G., Mathers N., Campbell M., Seivewright N. Can methadone maintenance for heroin-dependent patients retained in general practice reduce criminal conviction rates and time spent in prison? Br J Gen Pract 2000 50 : 48 9.
16. Department of Health. Drug Misuse and Dependence: Guidelines on Clinical Management. London : HMSO 1999.
17. Darke S., Hall W., Wodak A., Heather N., Ward J. Development and validation of a multi-dimensional instrument for assessing outcome of treatment among opiate users: the Opiate Treatment Index. Addiction 1992 87 : 447 453.
18. Ahmad M., Ahmad M., Mwenda L. Drug Seizure and Offender Statistics - United Kingdom 2001 & 2002. Home Office Statistical Bulletin. London : Home Office 2004.
19. Strike C. J., Gnam W., Urbanoski K., Fisher B., Marsh D. C., Millson M. Factors predicting 2-year retentions in methadone maintenance treatment for opioid dependence. Addict Behav 2005 30 : 1025 1028.
20. Bell J., Hall W., Byth K. Changes in criminal activity after entering methadone maintenance. Br J Addict 1992 82 : 251 258.
21. Perneger P. V. What's wrong with Bonferroni corrections? BMJ 1998 316 : 326 328.