Escaping radioactivity from coal-fired power plants (CPPs) due to coal burning and the associated hazards: A review

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

Volumn 101, Issue 3, 2010, Pages 191-200

  Papastefanou, Constantin ^a  

^a ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI   (Greece)

Author keywords

Atmospheric dispersion; Coal; Coal fired power plants; Escaping radioactivity; Fly ash; Lead 210; Potassium 40; Radiation hazards; Radium 226; Radium 228; Thorium 232; Uranium 238

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION; COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT; COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS; ESCAPING RADIOACTIVITY; LEAD 210; RADIUM-226;

ATMOSPHERIC MOVEMENTS; ATMOSPHERIC RADIOACTIVITY; COAL; COAL ASH; COAL FUELED FURNACES; COAL INDUSTRY; COAL MINES; CONCRETE PRODUCTS; DISPERSIONS; FLY ASH; FOSSIL FUEL POWER PLANTS; IRRADIATION; LEAD; MINING; POTASSIUM; RADIATION; RADIATION HAZARDS; RADIOISOTOPES; RADIOMETRY; RADIUM; THORIUM; TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS; URANIUM;

COAL COMBUSTION;

COAL; LEAD 210; POTASSIUM 40; RADIOISOTOPE; RADIUM 226; RADIUM 228; THORIUM 232; URANIUM 238;

COAL; COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT; FLY ASH; LEAD ISOTOPE; RADIATION DAMAGE; RADIOACTIVITY; RADIONUCLIDE; RADIUM ISOTOPE; THORIUM ISOTOPE; URANIUM ISOTOPE;

ATMOSPHERIC RADIOACTIVITY; COAL MINING; COAL POWER; COMBUSTION; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY; GAMMA RADIATION; GREECE; INDOOR AIR POLLUTION; INHALATION; NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; NUCLEAR POWER PLANT; PARTICLE SIZE; RADIATION DETECTION; RADIATION DOSE DISTRIBUTION; RADIATION HAZARD; RADIOISOTOPE DECAY; REVIEW;

AIR POLLUTANTS, RADIOACTIVE; CARBON; COAL; CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES; FIRES; INDUSTRIAL WASTE; PARTICULATE MATTER; POWER PLANTS; RADIOACTIVITY; RADIUM; SOIL POLLUTANTS, RADIOACTIVE; URANIUM;

GREECE;

EID: 77649274857     PISSN: 0265931X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2009.11.006     Document Type: Review

References (47)

1. Alvarez M.C., Garzon L. Assessment of radiological emissions from Spanish coal power plants: radioactive releases and associated risks. Health Physics 1989, 57:765-769.
2. Aurand K. Energieerzeugung und strahlenrisko. Wiss Umwelt 1978, 2:65-74.
3. Barber D.E., Giorgio H.R. Gamma-ray activity in bituminous, sub-bituminous and lignite coals. Health Physics 1977, 32:83-88.
4. Bem H., Wieczorkowski P., Budzanowski M. Evaluation of technologically enhanced natural radiation near the coal-fired power plants in the Lodz region of Poland. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 2002, 61:191-201.
5. Bertine K.K., Golberg E.D. Fossil fuel combustion and the major sedimentary cycle. Science 1971, 173:233-235.
6. Calvo M.M. Consideraciones sobre el papel que desempenan las sustancias organicas naturales de caracter humico en la concentracion del uranio. Formation of Uranium Ore Deposits 1974, Report IAEA-SM-183/33, IAEA STI/PUB/374, Vienna, pp. 125-137.
7. CFR Code of federal regulations. Title 10, Energy 1978, Article 20, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.
8. Cohen B.L., Jow H.N., Lee I.S. Methods for calculating population dose from atmospheric dispersion on radioactivity. Health Physics 1978, 34:569-572.
9. Coles D.G., Ragaini R.C., Ondov J.M. Behavior of natural radionuclides in Western coal-fired power plants. Environmental Science and Technology 1978, 12:442-446.
10. Coles D.G., Ragaini R.C., Ondov J.M., Fischer G.L., Silberman D., Prentice B.A. Chemical studies of stack fly ash from a coal-fired power plant. Environmental Science and Technology 1979, 13:455-459.
11. Corbet J.O. The radiation dose from coal burning: a review of pathways and data. Radiation Protection Dosimetry 1983, 4:5-19.
12. Culot M.V.J., Olson H.G., Schiager K.J. Effective diffusion coefficient of radon in concrete, theory and method for field measurements. Health Physics 1976, 30:263-270.
13. Eisenbud M., Petrow H.G. Radioactivity in the atmospheric effluents of power plants that use fossil fuels. Science 1964, 144:288-289.
14. Fardy J.J., McOrist G.D., Farrar Y.J. Neutron activation analysis and radioactivity measurements of Australian coals and fly ashes. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles 1989, 133:217-226.
15. Font J., Casas M., Forteza R., Cerda V., Garcias F. Natural radioactive elements and heavy metals in coal, fly ash and bottom ash from a thermal power plant. Journal of Environmental Science and Health 1993, A28:2061-2073.
16. Hayumbu P., Zaman M.B., Munsanje S.S. Natural radioactivity of Zambian coal and coal ash. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Letters 1995, 201:333-346.
17. International Commission on Radiological Protection, ICRP Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection 1977, ICRP Publication No. 26, Pergamon Press, Oxford.
18. 226Ra in contemporary and fossil snow. Health Physics 1971, 20:449-450.
19. Kaakinen J.W., Jorden R.M., Lawasani M.H., West R.E. Trace element behavior in coal-fired power plant. Environmental Science and Technology 1975, 9:862-869.
20. Kirchner H., Merz E., Schiffers A. Radioaktive emissionen aus mit rheinischer braunkohle befeuerten kraftwerksanlagen. Braunkohle 1974, 11:340-345.
21. Klein D.H., Andren A.W., Carter J.A., Emery J.F., Feldman C., Fulkerson W., Lyon W.S., Ogle J.C., Talmi Y., Van Hook R.I., Bolton N. Pathways of thirty-seven trace elements through coal-fired power plants. Environmental Science and Technology 1975, 9:973-979.
22. Kolb W. Die emission radioaktiver stoffe mit der abluft aus kern - und steinkohlekraftwerken - ein vergleich der strahlenbelastung 1978, Report PTB-Bericht-Ra-8, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstald, Braunschweig, 13 pp.
23. Laboratory of Meteorology Meteorogical Observations 1979, University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. V.E. Angouridakis (Ed.).
24. Lamarsh J. Introduction to Nuclear Engineering 1975, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
25. Manolopoulou, M., 1990. A radiological study of the coal power plant environment. Ph.D. Thesis. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Press, Thessaloniki, Greece, pp. 178.
26. Manolopoulou M., Papastefanou C. Behavior of natural radionuclides in lignites and fly ashes. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 1992, 16:261-271.
27. McBride J.P., Moore R.E., Witherspoon J.P., Blanco R.E. Radiological impact of airborne effluents of coal and nuclear plants. Science 1978, 202:1045-1050.
28. Mishra, U.C., Lalit, B.Y., Ramachandran, T.V., 1980. Relative radiation hazards of coal based and nuclear power plants in India. In: Proceedings of Sixth International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA), 7-12 May 1980, vol. I, W. Berlin, W. Germany, pp. 537-540.
29. Nakaoka A., Fukushima M., Takagi S. Environmental effects of natural radionuclides from coal-fired power plants. Health Physics 1984, 47:407-416.
30. Ondov, J.M., Ragaini, R.C., Biermann, A.H., 1977. Characterization of trace-element emissions from coal-fired power plants. In: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Nuclear Methods in Environmental Energy Research, 10-13 October 1977, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, CONF-771072, pp. 338-357.
31. 226Ra in Greek coal-fired power plants. Health Physics 1996, 70:187-191.
32. Papastefanou C., Charalambous S. On the radioactivity of fly ashes from coal power plants. Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung 1979, 34a:533-537.
33. Papastefanou, C., Charalambous, S., 1980. Hazards from radioactivity of fly ash from Greek coal power plants (CPP). In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of the International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA), 9-14 March 1980, vol. III, Jerusalem, Israel, pp. 161-165.
34. Papastefanou C., Charalambous S. On the escaping radioactivity from coal power plants (CPP). Health Physics 1984, 46:293-302.
35. Pasquill F. Atmospheric Dispersion 1962, Van Nostrand, Amsterdam.
36. Price B., Horton C., Spinney K. Radiation Shielding 1957, Pergamon Press, London.
37. Schweite, H.E., Bohome, H.J., Ludwig, U., 1968. Measuring gas diffusion for the valuation of open porosity on mortars and concrete. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on the Chemistry of Cement, Part III, Japan.
38. Sipitanos K.M., Voyatzakis E., Melidis S.B. Etude sur les cendres volantes des lignites grecs-Utilisation dans le ciment-Influence du degree de finesse II - Region de Ptolemaide. Revue des Materiaux de Construction 1977, 707:211-213.
39. Stranden E. Assessment of the radiological impact of using fly ash in cement. Health Physics 1983, 44:145-153.
40. Tomczynska J., Blaton-Albicka K., Pensko J., Fugiel D. The Results of Measurements of the Natural Radionuclides in Coal Power Plants Wastes and Light Concrete Samples 1980, Report TB-APF 80, Radiation Protection Department, Institute of Nuclear Research, Swierk, Poland, pp. 9.
41. Tracy B.L., Prantl F.A. Radiological impact of coal-fired power generation. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 1985, 2:145-160.
42. UNSCEAR United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation 2000, vol. I. United Nations, New York.
43. Vakalis, A., 1979. Personal communication, Director General of Ka rdia Ptolemais Coal Power Station, Hellenic Power Corporation, Ptolemais, Northern Greece.
44. Venuat M. Les ciments contenant du laitier ou des cendres volantes. Revue des Materiaux de Construction 1975, 692:30-35.
45. Voyatzakis E., Sipitanos K.M., Christaki-Papageorgiou A. Etude sur les cendres volantes des lignites grecs-Utilisation dans le ciment- Region de Ptolemaide. Revue des Materiaux de Construction 1976, 703:341-344.
46. Weast R.C. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 1974, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida.
47. Zeevaert Th., Sweeck L., Vanmarcke H. The radiological impact from airborne routine discharges of a modern coal-fired power plant. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 2006, 85:1-22.