The USA PATRIOT Acts (et al.): Convergent legislation and oligarchic isomorphism in the "politics of fear" and state crime(s) against democracy (SCADs)

American Behavioral Scientist

Volumn 53, Issue 6, 2010, Pages 885-920

  Thorne, Kym ^a   Kouzmin, Alexander ^a,b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^b SOUTHERN CROSS UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF PLYMOUTH   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

"War on Terror"; Policy and oligarchic isomorphism; Politics of fear; State crimes against democracy; USA PATRIOT Act

Indexed keywords

EID: 77649269582     PISSN: 00027642     EISSN: 15523381     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0002764209353280     Document Type: Article

References (165)

1. Adams, P. (2006, March 18-19). Bin laden w. Weekend Australian Magazine, p. 54.
2. Adams, P. (2008, March 25). The real crazies are in McCain's corner. The Australian. Retrieved May 8, 2008, from http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23425369-12272,00.htm l.
3. Ahmed, T., (2006, August 11). Why Islam is the new Marx. The Australian. Retrieved May 8, 2008, from www.theaustralian.news.com.au/printpage/0,5942,20085783,00.html.
4. Albrow, M. (1996). The global age. Cambridge, UK: Polity.
5. Allard, T. (2007, September 17). Spy powers keep tabs on your mobile. Sydney Morning Herald, p. 1.
6. Americans for Terror Watch List Reform. (2008). Retrieved February 13, 2008, from http://terrorwatchlist.org/Press_Center.html.
7. Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 (2001). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/security/terrorism-and-the-law-/anti-terror ism-crime-se.
8. Applebaum, A. (2003). Gulag: A history. New York: Anchor.
9. Armstrong, K. (1991). Holy war: The crusades and their impact on today's world. New York: Doubleday.
10. Atwan, A.B. (2006). The secret history of Al Qaeda. Berkeley: University of California Press.
11. Australian National Security. (2007a). The Australian Anti-Terrorism Act (N0.2) 2005. Retrieved August 30, 2007, from http://www.Nationalsecurity.gov.au/agd/www./nationalsecurity.nsf/AllDocs /A41A86E.
12. Australian National Security. (2007b). Australian laws to combat terrorism. Retrieved August 30, 2007, from http://www.Nationalsecurity.gov.au/agd/www./nationalsecurity.nsf/AllDocs /826190776.
13. Bachrach, P., & Baratz, M.S. (1962). Two faces of power. American Political Science Review, 56(4), 947-952.
14. Bageant, J. (2007). Deer hunting with Jesus: Dispatches from America's class war. New York: Crown.
15. Bakhtin, M. (1968). Rabelais and his world (H. Iswolsky, Trans.). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
16. Baldwin, T. (2006, September 7). Bush admits to secret CIA prisons. The Australian. Retrieved September 2006 from www.theaustralian.news.com.au/printpage/0,5942,20368428,00.html.
17. Barnard, C.I. (1968). The functions of the executive. Boston: Harvard University Press. (Original work published 1938).
18. Bauman, Z. (2006). Liquid fear. Cambridge, UK: Polity.
19. Berman, M. (2006). Dark ages America: The final phase of empire. New York: Norton.
20. Blum, W. (2005). Freeing the world to death: Essays on the American empire. Monroe, ME: Common Courage Press.
21. Boin, A., & Christensen, T. (2008). The development of public institutions: Reconsidering the role of leadership. Administration & Society, 40, 271-297.
22. Bowley, B.J. (2006). The campaign for unfettered power: Executive supremacy, secrecy and surveillance. In D. Loo & P. Phillips (Eds.), Impeach the president: The case against Bush and Cheney (pp. 161-184). New York: Seven Stories Press.
23. Bowman, R.M. (2006). Former head of star wars program says Cheney main 9/11 suspect. http://www.prisonplanet.com/articles/april2006/040406mainsuspect.htm.
24. Box, R. (2007, May). Public administration, change and utopia. Paper presented at the 2007 annual meeting of the Public Administration Theory Network, Harrisburg, PA.
25. Braithwaite, J., & Drahos, P. (2000). Global business regulation. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
26. Brzezinski, M. (2004). Fortress America: On the front lines of Homeland Security-An inside look at the coming surveillance state. New York: Bantam.
27. Bukovsky, V. (1978). To build a castle-My life as a dissenter. New York: Viking Penguin.
28. Bukovsky, V. (2005, December 18). Torture's long shadow. Washington Post, pp. B01-B02.
29. Burawoy, M., & Krotov, P. (1993, March-April). The economic basis of Russia's political crisis. New Left Review, 198, 49-69.
30. Chomsky, N. (2006). Failed states: The abuse of power and the assault on democracy. Crows Nest, Australia: Allen and Unwin.
31. Converse, P.E. (1964). The nature of belief systems in mass publics. In D. E. Apter (Ed.), Ideology and discontent (pp. 206-261). London: Free Press.
32. Coorey, P. (2008, April 30). Hicks case flawed all along, says prosecutor. Sydney Morning Herald, pp. 1, 8.
33. Coser, L.A. (1965). The functions of social conflict. New York: Routledge.
34. Coultan, M. (2007). Daring to use the F-word. The Sydney Morning Herald. October 6-7, 27.
35. Cunningham, H.S. (2000). Article 58, Criminal Code of the RSFSR (1934). Retrieved September 21, 2009, from www.cyberussr.com/rus/uk-rsfsr.html.
36. Dahl, R. (1961). Who governs? Democracy and power in an American city. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
37. deHaven-Smith, L. (1998). Collective will-formation: The missing dimension in public administration. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 20, 126-140.
38. deHaven-Smith, L. (2006). When political crimes are an inside job: Detecting state crimes against democracy. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 28, 330-355.
39. deHaven-Smith, L. (2010). Beyond conspiracy theory: Patterns of high crime in American government. American Behavioral Scientist. 53(6), 795-825.
40. deHaven-Smith, L., Kouzmin, A., & Witt, M. (2008, May). From conspiracy theory 101 to 303: Documenting, and understanding, the high crimes of America's governing elites. Paper presented at the 2008 conference of the Public Administration Theory Network, Richmond, VA.
41. Department of Homeland Security Act of 2002, Pub. L. No. 107-296. Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.whitehouse.gov/deptofhomeland/bill/.
42. Detainee Treatment Act of 2005, H.R. 2863, Title X (2005). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.cfr.org/publication/9865/.
43. Dewey, J. (1927). The public and its problems. London: Allen and Unwin.
44. Dick, P. (2002). The minority report. New York: Pantheon.
45. Dixon, J., Dogan, R., & Kouzmin, A. (2004). The dilemma of privatized public services: Philosophical frames in understanding failure and managing partnership terminations. Public Organization Review, 4(1), 25-46.
46. Eckes, A., & Zeiler, T. (2003). Globalization and the American century. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
47. Elliot, G. (2007, August 29). Law chief's exit leaves Bush more friendless. The Australian, p. 11.
48. Everest, L. (2006). Phase two in an unbounded war on the world. In D. Loo & P. Phillips (Eds.), Impeach the president: The case against Bush and Cheney (pp. 113-130). New York: Seven Stories Press.
49. Fainsod, M. (1970). How Russia is ruled (Rev. ed.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
50. Faludi, S. (2007). The terror dream: Fear and fantasy in post-9/11 America. New York: Metropolitan Books.
51. Federal Advisory Committee Act of 1972, Pub. L. No. 92-463 (1972). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.gsa.gov./Portal/gsa/ep/contentView.do?contentType=GSA_ Basic&content.
52. Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, Pub. L. No. 95-511 (1978). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.fas.org/irp/agency/doj/fisa/.
53. Freedom of Information Act of 1996, Pub. L. No. 89-554 (1996). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.usdoj.gov/oip/foia_updates/Vol_XV11_4/page2.htm.
54. Friedman, T. (1999). The Lexus and the olive tree. London: HarperCollins.
55. Friedman, T. (2005). The world is flat: A brief history of the globalized world in the 21st century. London: Penguin.
56. Fukuyama, F. (1992). The end of history and the last man. London: Penguin.
57. Fukuyama, F. (2006). After the neo-cons: America at the crossroads. London: Profile Books.
58. Gouldner, A. (1994). The metaphoricality of Marxism and the context-freeing grammar of socialism. Theory and Society, 1(4), 387-414.
59. Grass, G. (2005, May 7). The gravest generation. New York Times, pp. 1-4.
60. Gun Control Act of 1968, Pub. L. No. 90-618 (1968). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://atf.gov/pub/fire-expo_pub/gca.htm.
61. Hafner, K. (2007, August 24). Who will edit Wiki's editors? Sydney Morning Herald, p. 15.
62. Hamilton, C., & Maddison, S. (2007). Silencing dissent: How the Australian government is controlling public opinion and stifling debate. Crows Nest, Australia: Allen and Unwin.
63. Harvey, D. (2003). New imperialism. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
64. Heclo, H. (2002). The statesman: Revisiting Leadership in Administration. In R. A. Kagan, M. Kriegier, & K. Winston (Eds.), Legality and community: On the intellectual legacy of Philip Selznick (pp. 295-310). Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Public Policy Press.
65. Hedges, C. (2008). American fascists: The Christian right and the war on America. London: Vintage.
66. Hellinger, D. (2003). Paranoia, conspiracy and hegemony in American politics. In H. G. West & T. Sanders (Eds.), Transparency and conspiracy: Ethnographies of suspicion in the new world order (pp. 204-232). Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
67. Hoover, J.E. (1958). Masters of deceit: The story of communism in America and how to fight it. New York: Henry Holt.
68. Hunter, F. (1953). Community power structure: A study of decision makers. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
69. Huntington, S.P. (1997). The clash of civilizations: Remaking of the world order. New York: Touchstone.
70. Ivie, R.L. (2007). Shadows of democracy in presidential rhetoric: An introduction to a special issue. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 37(4), 577-579.
71. Jameson, F. (1988). Cognitive mapping. In C. Nelson & L. Grossberg (Eds.), Marxism and the interpretation of culture (pp. 347-358). London: Macmillan.
72. Jay, M. (1973). The dialectical imagination. Boston: Beacon.
73. Johnson, C. (2000). Blowback: The costs and consequences of American empire. New York: Henry Holt.
74. Johnson, C. (2004). The sorrows of empire: Militarism, secrecy, and the end of the republic. London: Verso.
75. Jones, B. (2007-2008, December 28-January 1). The times, they have changed for all. Weekend Australian Financial Review, p. 55.
76. Kagan, R. A., Kriegier, M., & Winston, K. (Eds.). (2002). Legality and community: On the intellectual legacy of Philip Selznick. Berkeley, CA: Berkeley Public Policy Press.
77. Kakabadse, A., Kakabadse, N., Kouzmin, A., & Afanasyev, D. (2006). Pathways to dictatorship: Parallel democratic convergence to oligarchy. In N. Kakabadse & A. Kakabadse (Eds.), Governance, strategy and policy: Seven critical essays (pp. 166-212). London: Palgrave.
78. Kakabadse, N., Kouzmin, A., & Kakabadse, A. (2000). Information rich versus information poor: Issues for public policy. In N. Kakabadse & A. Kakabadse (Eds.), Creating futures: Leading change through information systems (pp. 1-30). Aldershot, UK: Ashgate.
79. Kashima, T. (2003). Judgment without trial: Japanese-American imprisonment during World War II. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
80. Kirsch, J. (2006). A history of the end of the world. San Francisco: Harper.
81. Klein, N. (2007). The shock doctrine: The rise of disaster capitalism. New York: Allen Lane.
82. Kouzmin, A. (1992). Review essay-The public sector: Challenge for coordinating and learning. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 58(3), 438-444.
83. Kouzmin, A. (1993). Review essay-Labour relations in Eastern Europe: Organizational design and dynamics. Organizational Studies, 14(1), 127-132.
84. Kouzmin, A., Grover, R.B., Workman, R., Abratt, R.P., Bourgeois, A.E. & Brulet, C. (2002). Evaluation report of the International Nuclear Information System (INIS) (Evaluation Series: 02-1:MP.R.1). Vienna, Austria: International Atomic Energy Agency.
85. Kouzmin, A., & Jarman, A.M.G. (2002). From welfare and contract states: Towards smart state policy capacities. In J. Jun (Ed.), Rethinking administrative theory: The challenge of the new century (pp. 233-252). Westport, CT: Praeger.
86. Kouzmin, A., & Korac-Kakabadse, N. (1997). From phobias and ideological prescription: Towards multiple models in transformation management for socialist economies in transition. Administration & Society, 29, 139-188.
87. Kouzmin, A., Leivesley, R., & Korac-Kakabadse, N. (1997). From managerialism and economic rationalism: Towards re-Inventing economic ideology and administrative diversity. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 19, 19-42.
88. Lacey, M.J. (2000). Foreword. In P. Selznick. The communitarian persuasion (pp. xi-xxiv). Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Centre Press.
89. Lasswell, H.D., & Lerner, D. (1965). World revolutionary elites: Studies in coercive ideological movements. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
90. Lenin, V.I. (1970a). The state and revolution. Beijing: Foreign Language Press. (Original work published 1916).
91. Lenin, V.I. (1970b). What is to be done? London: Panther. (Original work published 1902).
92. Lewis, B. (2004). The crisis of Islam: Holy war and unholy terror. London: Phoenix.
93. Lewis, J. (2007, July 1). Destroyed: Secret records of the CIA torture flights. The Mail on Sunday, p. 25.
94. Lipsky, M. (1980). Street-level bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the individual in public services. New York: Russell Sage.
95. Loewen, J.W. (1995). Lies my teacher told me: Everything your American history textbook got wrong. New York: Simon & Schuster.
96. Loo, D., & Phillips, P. (Eds.). (2006). Impeach the president: The case against Bush and Cheney. New York: Seven Stories Press.
97. Lynch, A., & Williams, G. (2006). What price security: Taking stock of Australia's anti-terror laws. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press.
98. Madison, J., Hamilton, A., & Jay, J. (1987). The federalist papers. London: Penguin. Mannheim, K. (1936). Ideology and utopia. London: Routledge.
99. Marcuse, H. (1971). Soviet Marxism. London: Pelican.
100. Margolis, D. (2006). UN slams US on death penalty, racism. People's Weekly World. Retrieved November 21, 2006, from http://proquest.umi.com.silk.library.umass.ed.
101. Marr, D. (2007). His master's voice: The corruption of public debate under Howard. Quarterly Essay, 26, 1-83.
102. Marrs, J. (2006). The terror conspiracy: Deception, 9/11 and the loss of liberty. New York: Disinformation.
103. Mason, F. (2002). A poor person's cognitive mapping. In P. Knight (Ed.), Conspiracy nation: The politics of paranoia in post war America (pp. 40-56). New York: New York University Press.
104. Mayer, J. (2008). The dark side: Story of how the war on terror turned into a war on American ideals. New York: Doubleday.
105. Mayhew, D.R. (2004). Congress: The electoral connection. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. (Original work published 1974).
106. Melley, T. (2002). Agency panic and the culture of conspiracy. In P. Knight (Ed.), Conspiracy nation: The politics of paranoia in postwar America (pp. 57-81). New York: New York University Press.
107. Michels, R. (1962). Political parties: A sociological study of the oligarchic tendencies of modern democracy. New York: Collier Books. (Original work published 1915).
108. Military Commissions Act of 2006, H.R. 6166 Pub. L. No. 109-366 (2006). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.aclu.org/safefree/detention/commissions.html.
109. Miller, M.C. (2006). Bush-Cheney's war on the enlightenment. In D. Loo & P. Phillips (Eds.), Impeach the president: The case against Bush and Cheney (pp. 185-200). New York: Seven Stories Press.
110. Moses, A. (2007, August 24). PM's staff sanitized Wikipedia. Sydney Morning Herald, p. 1.
111. National Security Act of 1947, Pub. L. No. 235 (1947). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.iwar.org.uk/sigint/resources/national-security-act/1947-act.h tm.
112. Nield, M. (2005). The police road map. Retrieved August 30, 2007, from www.policestateplanning.com.
113. Ohmae, K. (1991). The end of the nation state: The rise of regional economics. London: HarperCollins.
114. Ohmae, K. (2005). The next global stage: Challenges and opportunities in our borderless world. Philadelphia: Wharton School Publishing.
115. Phillips, K. (2006). American theocracy: The peril and politics of radical religion, oil, and borrowed money in the 21st Century. New York: Viking.
116. Pipes, D. (1997). Conspiracy: How the paranoid style flourishes and where it comes from. New York: Free Press.
117. Politkovskaya, A. (2007). Putin's Russia: Life in a failing democracy. New York: Metropolitan.
118. Posse Comitatus Act of 1878, 18 U.S.C. 1385 (1878). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.uscg.mil/hq/g-cp/comrel/factfile/factcards/PosseComitatus.htm l.
119. Pressman, J.L., & Wildavsky, A.B. (1984). Implementation: How great expectations in Washington are dashed in Oakland. Berkeley: University of California Press.
120. Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005 (2005). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/security/terrorism-and-the-law-/preventiono fterrorism/.
121. Priest, D. (2005, November 4). Terrorist suspects disappear in CIA's black sites. Sydney Morning Herald, p. 14.
122. Ramachandran, A. (2008, July 30). We never suspected Haneef: ASIO. Sydney Morning Herald, pp. 1, 4.
123. Roche, M. (2007). Present day detention camps: North Korea versus the United States. Retrieved June 30, 2007, from http://www.comcol.umass.edu/dbc/pdfs/191-abstractwithlitreview.pdf.
124. Ruttard, P. (1994). The end of the Soviet Union: Did it fall, or was it pushed? Critical Review: An Inter-Disciplinary Journal of Politics and History, 8(4), 565-578.
125. Sanchez, J. (2008, June 25). Democrats capitulate on FISA. American Prospect. Retrieved July 2, 2008, from http://www.prospect.org//cs/articles?article=democrats_capitulate_onfisa .
126. Sardar, Z., & Davies, M.W. (2002). Why do people hate America? Cambridge, UK: Icon Books.
127. Scahill, J. (2007). Blackwater: The rise of the world's most powerful mercenary army. London: Serpent's Tail.
128. Scheer, R. (2008). The pornography of power: How defense hawks hijacked 9/11 and weakened America. New York: Twelve.
129. Schrecker, E. (2004). Cold war triumphalism: The misuse of history after the fall of communism. New York: New Press.
130. Selznick, P. (1952). The organizational weapon: A study of Bolshevik strategy and tactics. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
131. Selznick, P. (1957). Leadership in administration: A sociological interpretation. New York: Harper and Row.
132. Selznick, P. (1965). TVA and the grass roots: A study in the sociology of formal organization. Berkeley: University of California Press.
133. Selznick, P. (2000). On sustaining research agendas: Their moral and scientific basis (An address to the Western Academy of Management). Journal of Management Inquiry, 9(3), 277-282.
134. Selznick, P. (2002). The communitarian persuasion. Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson Center Press.
135. Shane, S., Johnston, D., & Risen, J. (2007, October 4). Secret US endorsement of severe interrogations. New York Times. Retrieved May 10, 2007, from http://www.Nytimes.com/2007/10/04/Washington/04interrogate.html?_r=L &th=&oref=.
136. Sharlett, J. (2008). The family: Power, politics and fundamentalism's shadow elite. St. Lucia, Australia: University of Queensland Press.
137. Shelden, R.G. (2004). The imprisonment crisis in America: Introduction. Review of Policy Research, 21(1), 5-13.
138. Shorrock, T. (2008). Spies for hire: The secret world of intelligence. New York: Simon & Schuster.
139. Simmel, G. (1955). Conflict and the web of group affiliations. New York: Free Press.
140. Simon, H.A. (1957). Administrative behavior (2nd ed.). Glencoe, IL: Free Press.
141. Solzhenitsyn, A.I. (1974). The Gulag archipelago, 1918-1956: An experiment in literary investigation (Vols. 1-11). Sydney: Collins and Harvill Press.
142. Solzhenitsyn, A.I. (1997). The first circle. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.
143. State Watch. (2004). Scoreboard on post-Madrid counter-terrorism plans. Retrieved March 23, 2007, from http://www.statewatch.org/news/2004/mar/swscoreboard.pdf.
144. Stout, J. (2007). The spirit of democracy and the rhetoric of excess. Journal of Religious Ethics, 35(1), 3-21.
145. Streeten, P. (1999). What is wrong with contemporary economics? Unpublished manuscript.
146. Tashima, A.W. (2007). Patriotism: Do we know it when we see it? Michigan Law Review, 101, 2007-2015.
147. Thorne, K. (2005). Designing virtual organizations? Themes and trends in political and organizational discourses. Journal of Management Development, 24(7), 580-607.
148. Thorne, K., & Kouzmin, A. (2004). Borders in an (in)visible world? Revisiting communities, recognizing Gulags. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 26, 408-429.
149. Thorne, K., & Kouzmin, A. (2006). Learning to play the pea and thimble charade-The invisible and very visible hands in the neo-liberal project: Towards a manifesto for reflexive consciousness in public administration. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 28, 262-274.
150. Thorne, K., & Kouzmin, A. (2007a, March). The imperative for darkness in dark times. Paper presented at the Anti-Essentialism Conference, Boca Raton, FL.
151. Thorne, K., & Kouzmin, A. (2007b, March). Phillip Selznick: The first theorist of oligarchic invisibility? Paper presented at the American Society for Public Administration conference, Washington, DC.
152. Thorne, K., & Kouzmin, A. (2008a). Borders in an (in)visible world: Colonizing the divergent and privileging the new world order. In S. Dar & B. Cooke (Eds.), The new development management: Critiquing the dual modernization (pp. 129-149). London: Zed Books.
153. Thorne, K., & Kouzmin, A. (2008b). Web 1.0 egoism greets Web 2.0 narcissism: Convergence, consumption, and surveillance, in the digital divide. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 30, 299-323.
154. UK Criminal Justice Act 2003 (2003). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.cjsonline.gov.uk/the_cjs/parliament/legislation/index.html.
155. US has secret prisons: Rights groups. (2004). ABC News Online. Retrieved June 18, 2008, from www.abc.net.au/news/newsitems/200406/s1134549.htm.
156. USA PATRIOT Act of 2001, H.R. 3162 Pub. L. No. 107-56 (2001). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.epic.org/privacy/terrorism/hr3162.html.
157. USA PATRIOT Improvement and Re-authorization Act of 2006, H.R. 3199, Pub. L. No. 109-177. Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2006/03/20060309-4.html.
158. Weber, M. (1970). The Protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism. London: Unwin Books. (Original work published 1905).
159. Welner, T. (2007, December 24). Hoover wanted to put 12,000 in Jail. Sydney Morning Herald, p. 6.
160. Whistleblower Protection Act of 1989, Pub. L. No. 101-12 (1989). Retrieved October 11, 2007, from http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c101:S.20.ENR.
161. White, J. (2008, April 30). Politics of Guantanamo exposed. Sydney Morning Herald, p. 8. Winner, L. (1987). Political ergonomics: Technological design and the quality of public life. Berlin: International Institute for Environment and Safety.
162. Witt, M. (2008). Sorrowful empire, distempered union: Negative dialectics and the art(s) of freedom. Administrative Theory & Praxis, 30, 7-41.
163. Witt, M., & deHaven-Smith, L. (2008). Conjuring the holographic state: Scripting security doctrine for a (new) world of disorder. Administration & Society, 40, 547-585.
164. Wolf, N. (2007). The end of America: Letter of warning to a young patriot. Melbourne, Australia: Scribe.
165. Wright Mills, C. (1956). The power elite. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.