Influences of immunocontraception on time budgets, social behavior, and body condition in feral horses

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

Volumn 124, Issue 1-2, 2010, Pages 51-60

  Ransom, Jason I ^a   Cade, Brian S ^a   Hobbs, N Thompson ^b  

^a FORT COLLINS SCIENCE CENTER   (United States)

^b Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery   (United States)

Author keywords

Equus caballus; Fertility control; Porcine zona pellucida (PZP); Wild horse; Wildlife contraception

Indexed keywords

AGONISTIC BEHAVIOR; BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY; BODY CONDITION; ECOLOGICAL MODELING; FEEDING BEHAVIOR; FERAL ORGANISM; FERTILITY; HABITAT TYPE; HIERARCHICAL SYSTEM; HORMONE; HORSE; IMMUNOCONTRACEPTION; POPULATION DECLINE; TIME DEPENDENT BEHAVIOR; WILD POPULATION; WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT;

ANIMALIA; EQUIDAE; EQUUS CABALLUS; SUS;

EID: 77649234758     PISSN: 01681591     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2010.01.015     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Altmann J. Observational study of behavior: sampling methods. Behaviour 49 (1974) 227-267
2. Asa C.S., Porton I.J., and Calle P.P. Choosing an appropriate contraceptive. In: Asa C.S., and Porton I.J. (Eds). Wildlife Contraception (2005), Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, USA 83-95
3. Berger A., Scheibe K., Eichhorn K., Scheibe A., and Streich J. Diurnal and ultradian rhythms of behaviour in a mare group of Przewalski horse (Equus ferus przewalskii), measured through one year under semi-reserve conditions. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 64 (1999) 1-17
4. Boyd L.E. Time budgets of adult Przewalski horses-effects of sex, reproductive status and enclosure. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 21 (1988) 19-39
5. Buchholz R. Behavioural biology-an effective and relevant conservation tool. Trends Ecol. Evol. 22 (2007) 401-407
6. Burnham K.P., and Anderson D.R. Model Selection and Multimodel Inference: A Practical-Theoretic Approach. 2nd edition (2002), Springer Science, New York, USA p. 488
7. Conner M.M., Baker D.L., Wild M.A., Powers J.G., Hussain M.D., Dunn R.L., and Nett T.M. Fertility control in free-ranging elk using gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist leuprolide: effects on reproduction, behavior, and body condition. J. Wildl. Manage. 71 (2007) 2346-2356
8. Crowell-Davis S.L. Sexual behavior of mares. Horm. Behav. 52 (2007) 12-17
9. Curtis P.D., Pooler R.L., Richmond M.E., Miller L.A., Mattfield G.F., and Quimby F.W. Comparative effects of GnRH and porcine zona pellucida (PZP) immunocontraception vaccines for controlling reproduction in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Reprod. Suppl. 60 (2002) 131-141
10. Cuthill I.C., and Houston A.I. Managing time and energy. In: Krebs J.R., and Davies N.B. (Eds). Behavioural Ecology: An Evolutionary Approach. 4th edition (1997), Blackwell Publishing, Malden, MA, USA 97-120
11. Doran D. Comparison of instantaneous and locomotor bout sampling methods: a case study of adult male chimpanzee locomotor behavior and substrate use. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 89 (1992) 85-99
12. Estep D.Q., Crowell-Davis S.L., Earl-Costello S.A., and Beatey S.A. Changes in the social behaviour of draft horse (Equus caballus) mares coincident with foaling. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 35 (1993) 199-213
13. Feist J.D., and McCullough D.R. Behavior patterns and communications in feral horses. Z. Tierpsychol. 41 (1976) 337-371
14. Fischoff I.R., Sundaresan S.R., Cordingley J., Larkin H.M., Sellier M.-J., and Rubenstein D.I. Social relationships and reproductive state influence leadership roles in movements of plains zebra, Equus burchellii. Anim. Behav. 73 (2007) 825-831
15. Gelman A., and Hill J. Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models (2007), Cambridge University Press, New York, USA 625 p.
16. Hansen K.V., and Mosley J.C. Effects of roundups on behavior and reproduction of feral horses. J. Range Manage. 53 (2000) 479-482
17. Harville D.A. Maximum likelihood approaches to variance component estimation and to related problems. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 72 (1977) 320-338
18. Heilmann T.J., Garrott R.A., Caldwell L.L., and Tiller B.L. Behavioral response of free-ranging elk treated with an immunocontraceptive vaccine. J. Wildl. Manage. 62 (1998) 243-250
19. Henneke D.R., Potter G.D., Kreider J.L., and Yeates B.F. Relationship between body condition score, physical measurements and body fat percentage in mares. Equine Vet. J. 15 (1983) 371-372
20. Henneke D.R., Potter G.D., and Kreider J.L. Body condition during pregnancy and lactation and reproductive efficiency of mares. Theriogenology 21 (1984) 897-909
21. Hobbs N.T., Bowden D.C., and Baker D.L. Effects of fertility control on populations of ungulates: general, stage-structured models. J. Wildl. Manage. 64 (2000) 473-491
22. Hogstad O. It is expensive to be dominant. Auk 104 (1987) 333-336
23. Houpt K.A., Law K., and Martinisi V. Dominance hierarchies in domestic horses. Appl. Anim. Ethol. 4 (1978) 273-283
24. Houpt K.A. Investigating equine ingestive, maternal, and sexual behavior in the field and in the laboratory. J. Anim. Sci. 69 (1991) 4161-4166
25. Keiper R., and Receveur H. Social interactions of free-ranging Przewalski horses in semi-reserves in the Netherlands. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 33 (1992) 303-318
26. Kirkpatrick J.F., Naugle R., Liu I.K.M., Bernoco M., and Turner Jr. J.W. Effects of seven consecutive years of porcine zona pellucida contraception on ovarian function in feral mares. Biol. Reprod. Mono. 1 (1995) 411-418
27. Kirkpatrick J.F., Shideler S.E., Lasley B.L., and Turner Jr. J.W. Pregnancy determination in uncaptured feral horses by means of fecal steroid conjugates. Theriogenology 35 (1991) 753-760
28. Kirkpatrick J.F., and Turner A. Reversibility of action and safety during pregnancy of immunization against porcine zona pellucida in wild mares (Equus caballus). Reprod. Suppl. 60 (2002) 197-202
29. Kirkpatrick J.F., and Turner Jr. J.W. Reversible contraception in nondomestic animals. J. Zoo Wildl. Med. 22 (1991) 392-408
30. Kirkpatrick J.F., Turner Jr. J.W., Liu I.K.M., and Fayrer-Hosken R.A. Applications of pig zona pellucida immunocontraception to wildlife fertility control: prospects of zona pellucida glycoproteins for contraception. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 51 (1996) 183-189
31. Klimov V.V. Spatial-ethological organization of the herd of Przewalski horses (Equus przewalskii) in Askania-Nova. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 21 (1988) 99-115
32. Klingel H. Social organization and reproduction in equids. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 23 (1975) 7-11
33. Linklater W.L., Cameron E.Z., Minot E.O., and Stafford K.J. Stallion harassment and the mating system of horses. Anim. Behav. 58 (1999) 295-306
34. Liu I.K.M., Bernoco M., and Feldman M. Contraception in mares heteroimmunized with porcine zona pellucida. J. Reprod. Fertil. 85 (1989) 183-189
35. Mahi-Brown C.A., Yanagimachi R., Hoffman J.C., and Huang Jr. T.T. Fertility control in the bitch by active immunization with porcine zonae pellucidae: use of different adjuvants and patterns of estradiol and progesterone levels in estrous cycles. Biol. Reprod. 32 (1985) 761-772
36. Martin M.T. Guide for Determining the Age of the Horse. 6th edition (2002), American Association of Equine Practitioners, Lexington, KY, USA p. 39
37. Mayes E., and Duncan P. Temporal patterns of feeding behaviour in free-ranging horses. Behaviour 96 (1986) 105-129
38. MacArthur R.H., and Pianka E.R. On the optimal use of a patchy environment. Am. Nat. 100 (1966) 603-609
39. McCort W.D. Behavior of feral horses and ponies. J. Anim. Sci. 58 (1984) 493-499
40. McShea W.J., Monfort S.L., and Munson L. Effects of immunocontraception on the behavior and reproduction of white-tailed deer. J. Wildl. Manage. 61 (1997) 560-569
41. Munro C., and Stabenfeldt G. Development of a microtitre plate enzyme immunoassay for the determination of progesterone. J. Endocrinol. 101 (1984) 41-49
42. National Research Council. Nutrient Requirements of Horses (2007), National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA p. 341
43. Nettles V.F. Potential consequences and problems with wildlife contraceptives. Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 9 (1997) 137-143
44. Nuñez C.M.V., Adelman J.S., Mason C., and Rubenstein D.I. Immunocontraception decreases group fidelity in a feral horse population during the non-breeding season. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 117 (2009) 74-83
45. Pickeral T.M., Crowell-Davis S.L., Caudle A.B., and Estep D.Q. Sexual preference of mares (Equus caballus) for individual stallions. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 38 (1993) 1-13
46. Porton I.J. The ethics of wildlife contraception. In: Asa C.S., and Porton I.J. (Eds). Wildlife Contraception (2005), Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, USA 3-16
47. Powell D.M. Preliminary evaluation of porcine zona pellucida (PZP) immunocontraception for behavioral effects in feral horses (Equus caballus). J. Appl. Anim. Welf. Sci. 2 (1999) 321-335
48. Powell D.M., and Monfort S.L. Assessment: effects of porcine zona pellucida immunocontraception on estrous cyclicity in feral horses. J. Appl. Anim. Welf. Sci. 4 (2001) 271-284
49. Ransom J.I., and Cade B.S. Quantifying equid behavior: a research ethogram for free-roaming feral horses. U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods Report 2-A9 (2009) p. 23
50. Roelle J.E., and Ransom J.I. Injection-site reactions in wild horses (Equus caballus) receiving an immunocontraceptive vaccine. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2009-5038 (2009) p. 15
51. Rogers, J.E., 2001. The Effects of an Immunocontraceptive on the Social Behavior of Female Feral Horses (Equus caballus). Princeton University, New Jersey, USA, B.A. Thesis, p. 74.
52. Rudman R., and Keiper R.R. The body condition of feral ponies on Assateague Island. Equine Vet. J. 12 (1991) 453-456
53. Rutberg A.T., and Greenberg S.A. Dominance, aggression frequencies and modes for aggressive competition in feral pony mares. Anim. Behav. 40 (1990) 322-331
54. Sacco A.G. Antigenic cross-reactivity between human and pig zona pellucida. Biol. Reprod. 16 (1977) 164-173
55. Shumake S.A., and Wilhelm E.S. Comparisons of Effects of Four Immunocontraceptive Treatments on Estrous Cycle and Rutting Behavior in Captive White-tailed Deer (1995), Denver Wildlife Research Center, Colorado, USA p. 9
56. Stabenfeldt G.H., Daels P.F., Munro C.J., Kindahl H., Hughes J.P., and Lasley B. An oestrogen conjugate enzyme immunoassay for monitoring pregnancy in the mare: limitations of the assay between days 40 and 70 of gestation. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl. 44 (1991) 37-44
57. Sutherland W.J. The importance of behavioural studies in conservation biology. Anim. Behav. 56 (1998) 801-809
58. Turner A., and Kirkpatrick J.F. Effects of immunocontraception on population, longevity and body condition in wild mares (Equus caballus). Reprod. Suppl. 60 (2002) 187-195
59. Turner Jr. J.W., Rutberg A.T., Naugle R.E., Kaur M.A., Flanagan D.R., Bertschinger H.J., and Liu I.K.M. Controlled-release components of PZP contraceptive vaccine extend duration of infertility. Wildl. Res. 35 (2008) 555-562
60. van Dierendonck M.C., Sigurjónsdóttir H., Colenbrander B., and Thorhallsdóttir A.G. Differences in social behaviour between late pregnant, post-partum and barren mares in a herd of Icelandic horses. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 89 (2004) 283-297
61. Waring G.H. Horse Behavior (1983), Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, NJ, USA p. 292
62. Weeks J.W., Crowell-Davis S.L., Caudle A.B., and Heusner G.L. Aggression and social spacing in light horse (Equus caballus) mares and foals. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. 68 (2000) 318-337