Closed-loop test of a rotor with individually controlled trailing-edge flaps for vibration reduction

Journal of the American Helicopter Society

Volumn 55, Issue 1, 2010, Pages

  Roget, Beatrice ^a   Chopra, Inderjit ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCEPTABLE LIMIT; ACTIVE TRAILING-EDGE FLAPS; ACTUATOR SATURATIONS; BEARINGLESS; BLADED ROTORS; CLOSED LOOP TEST; CLOSED-LOOP; CLOSED-LOOP CONTROL; CONSTRAINED MINIMIZATION PROBLEM; CONTROL INPUTS; CONTROL METHODS; CONTROLLER PERFORMANCE; FLAP DEFLECTION; KAIMAN FILTER; LINEAR QUADRATIC; LINEAR QUADRATIC REGULATIONS; NORMAL FORCES; OPEN LOOP SYSTEMS; OPTIMAL ACTUATION; ROTOR BLADES; ROTOR MODEL; SMALL AMPLITUDE; SYSTEM IDENTIFICATIONS; TIME STEP; TIME-PERIODIC SYSTEM; TRAILING-EDGE FLAPS; VIBRATION REDUCTIONS;

ACTUATORS; DEGREES OF FREEDOM (MECHANICS); IDENTIFICATION (CONTROL SYSTEMS); OPTIMIZATION;

CONTROLLERS;

EID: 77649225396     PISSN: 00028711     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4050/JAHS.55.012009     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Friedmann, P., "Helicopter Vibration Reduction Using Structural Optimization with Aeroelastic/Multidisciplinary Constraints-A Survey," Journal of Aircraft, Vol.28, (1), 1991, pp. 8-21.
2. Friedmann, P. P., and Millott, T. A., "Vibration Reduction in Rotorcraft Using Active Control: A Comparison of Various Approaches," Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, Vol.18, (4), July-August 1995, pp. 664-673.
3. Nguyen, K., and Chopra, I., "Application of Higher Harmonic Control to Rotors Operating at High Speed and Thrust," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol.35, (3), 1990, pp. 78-89. (Pubitemid 20722225)
4. Hammond, C. E., "Wind Tunnel Results Showing Rotor Vibratory Loads Reduction Using Higher Harmonic Blade Pitch," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol.28, (1), January 1983, pp. 10-15.
5. Shaw, J., Albion, N., Hanker, E. J., and Teal, R. S., "Higher Harmonic Control: Wind Tunnel Demonstration of Fully Effective Vibratory Hub Forces Suppression," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol.34, (1), January 1989, pp. 14-25. (Pubitemid 16513988)
6. Nguyen, K., Betzina, M., and Kitaplioglu, C., "Full-Scale Demonstration of Higher Harmonic Control for Noise and Vibration Reduction on the XV-15 Rotor," Journal ofthe American Helicopter Society, Vol.46, (3), July 2001, pp. 182-191.
7. Wood, E. R., Powers, R. W., Cline, C. H., and Hammond, C. E., "On Developing and Flight Testing a Higher Harmonic Control System," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol.30, (1), January 1985, pp. 3-20.
8. Ham, N. D., "Helicopter Individual Blade Control and Its Applications," American Helicopter Society 39th Annual Forum Proceedings, St. Louis, MO, May 9-11, 1983, pp. 613-623.
9. Guinn, K. F., "Individual Blade Control Independent of a Swashplate," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol.27, (3), July 1982, pp. 25-31.
10. Richter, P., and Blaas, A., "Pull Scale Wind Tunnel Investigation of an Individual Blade Control System for the BO-105 Hingeless Rotor," 19th European Rotorcraft Forum, Cernobbio, Italy, September 14-16, 1993, pp. G5.1-G5.12. (Pubitemid 23656159)
11. Jacklin, S. A., Nguyen, K., Blaas, A., and Richter, P., "FullScale Wind Tunnel test of a Helicopter Individual Blade Control System," American Helicopter Society 50th Annual Forum Proceedings, Washington, DC, May 11-13, 1994, pp. 579-596. (Pubitemid 23656159)
12. Chopra, I., "Status of Application of Smart Structures Technology to Rotorcraft Systems," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol.45, (4), October 2000, pp. 228-252. (Pubitemid 32018775)
13. Straub, F. K., "A Feasibility Study of Using Smart Materials for Rotor Control," Smart Materials and Structures, Vol.5, (1), February 1996, pp. 1-10.
14. Prechtl, E. F., and Hall, S. R., "Design of a High Efficiency, Large Stroke, Electromechanical Actuator," Smart Materials and Structures, Vol.8, (1), February 1999, pp. 13-30.
15. Millott, T. A., and Friedmann, P. P., "Vibration Reduction in Helicopter Rotors Using an Active Control Surface Located on the Blade," 33rd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Dallas, TX, April 13-15, 1992, p. 1975.
16. Milgram, J., and Chopra, L., "Parametric Design Study for Actively Controlled Trailing Edge Flaps," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol.43, (2), 1998, pp. 110-115. (Pubitemid 128594904)
17. Wang, S., Danai, K., and Wilson, M., "Adaptive Method of Helicopter Track and Balance," Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, Vol.127, June 2005, pp. 275-282. (Pubitemid 40891910)
18. Koratkar, N. A., and Chopra, I., "Wind Tunnel Testing of a Smart Rotor Model with Trailing-Edge Flaps," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol.47, (4), 2002, pp. 263-272. (Pubitemid 35263696)
19. Spencer, M. G., Sanner, R. M., and Chopra, I., "Adaptive Neurocontrol of Simulated Rotor Vibrations Using Trailing Edge Flaps," Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, Vol.10, (11), 2000, pp. 855-871.
20. Spencer, M. G., Sanner, R. M., and Chopra, I., "Closed-Loop Neurocontroller Tests on Piezoactuated Smart Rotor Blades in Hover," AIAA Journal, Vol.40, (8), 2002, pp. 1596-1602. (Pubitemid 34945944)
21. Spencer, M. G., Sanner, R. M., and Chopra, I., "Adaptive Neurocontroller for Vibration Suppression and Shape Control of a Flexible Beam," Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, Vol.9, (3), 1998, pp. 160-170. (Pubitemid 128496662)
22. Roget, B., and Chopra, I., "Individual Blade Control Methodology for a Rotor with Dissimilar Blades," Journal of the American Helicopter Society, Vol.48, (3), July 2003, pp. 176-185.
23. Johnson, W., "Self Tuning Regulators for Multicyclic Control of Helicopter Vibration," NASA Technical Paper 1996, Ames Research Center, March 1982, pp. 1-44.
24. Jacklin, S. A., "Comparison of Five System Identification Algorithms for Rotorcraft Higher Harmonic Control," NASA Technical Paper 1998-207687, Ames Research Center, May 1998, pp. 1-142.
25. Hestenes, M. R., and Stiefel, E., "Methods of Conjugate Gradients for Solving Linear Systems," Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards, Vol.49, (6), December 1952, pp. 409-436.
26. Cribbs, R., and Friedmann, P. P., "Actuator Saturation and Its influence on Vibration Reduction by Actively Controlled Flaps," Proceedings of the 42nd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ACS Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Seattle, WA, April 2001, AIAA 2001-11467 (Pubitemid 32474401)
27. Fletcher, R., and Powell, M. J. D., "A Rapidly Convergent Descent Method for Minimization," Computer Journal, Vol.6, 1963, pp. 163- 168.
28. Goldfarb, D., "A Family of Variable Metric Updates Derived by Variational Means," Mathematics of Computing, Vol.24, 1970, pp. 2326.
29. Koratkar, N., "Smart Helicopter Rotor with Piezoelectric Bender Actuated Trailing-Edge Flaps," Ph.D. Thesis, Aerospace Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 2000. (Pubitemid 30898992)
30. Roget, B., and Chopra, I., "Development and Testing of an Individual Blade Control Algorithm for Vibration Reduction of a Dissimilar Rotor," AHS Fourth Decennial Specialists' Conference on Aeromechanics, San Francisco, CA, January 21-23, 2004.
31. Roget, B., and Chopra, I., "Wind Tunnel Testing of an Individual Blade Controller for a Dissimilar Rotor," American Helicopter Society 60th Annual Forum Proceedings, Baltimore, MD, June 7-10, 2004.