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1
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"Advance care planning is a broader, less legally focused concept than that of advance directives. It encompasses not only preparation of legal documents but also discussions with family members and physicians about what the future may hold for people with serious illnesses, how patients and families want their beliefs and preferences to guide decisions (including decisions should sudden and unexpected critical medical problems arise), and what steps could alleviate concerns related to finances, family matters, spiritual questions, and other issues that trouble seriously ill or dying patients and their families." Institute of Medicine, Committee on Care at the End of Life, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life (Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1997), 198-199
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Gonzales v. Oregon, 546 U.S. 243, 272 (2006). Indeed, Medicare regulations implementing the Patient Self Determination Act are designed to assure compliance with substantive patient rights protected under state law. 42 C.F.R. §482.13(b). In October 2008, the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services issued new interpretive guidelines for these regulations.
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(2006)
Gonzales V. Oregon
-
-
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8
-
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77952212485
-
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While this article focuses on developments in 2009, it is worth noting that many states - notably North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Utah - recently enacted comprehensive revisions to their healthcare decisions statutes. N.C. H.B. 634 (2007), enacted as Session Law 2007-502;
-
(2007)
Enacted As Session Law 2007
, pp. 502
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N.Y. S.B. 3164-A (2009) (Duane);
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N.Y. A.B. 7729-C (2009) (Gottfried)
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N.Y. A.B. 7729-C (2009) (Gottfried).
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Health care proxy bill may finally be enacted
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N.Y. State Bar Association
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Brandom
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This year, Missouri also considered legislation authorizing default surrogates. Mo. H.B. 196, 95th Gen. Assembly (2009) (Brandom).
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95th Gen. Assembly
, vol.196
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Mo, H.B.1
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1 Oct. 2009
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Similar legislation authorizing surrogates to make decisions for incapacitated persons without guardians or agents will be introduced in the Missouri Assembly in 2010. Missouri End-ofLife Coalition, 2009 5th Annual Public Policy Summit, 1 Oct. 2009, http://www.mo-endoflife.org/about/events.php, accessed 14 October 2009.
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R. Olick, J. Potash, and A.T. Campbell, "Taking the MOLST (Medical Order for Life Sustaining Treatment) Statewide," Pace Law Review 29, no.3 (2009): 545-62, 551-3;
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19
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77952175594
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52 N.Y.2d 363
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In re Storar, 52 N.Y.2d 363 (1981);
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(1981)
Re Storar
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21
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77952176252
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Va. H.B. 2396
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Va. H.B. 2396 (2009)
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(2009)
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22
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(Bell) & Va. S.B. 1142 (2009) (Whipple)
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(Bell) & Va. S.B. 1142 (2009) (Whipple),
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24
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-
77952221850
-
-
§§ 54.1-2982 to 54.1-2992
-
codified at Va. Code §§ 54.1-2982 to 54.1-2992;
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Codified at Va. Code
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-
-
26
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-
77952122736
-
-
Ch. 549
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A separate bill amends the state's Durable Do Not Resuscitate Order (DDNR), providing that an expression of a desire to be resuscitated constitutes a revocation of the DDNR order. Va. S.B. 1085 (2009), enacted as Va. Laws. Ch. 549,
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34
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§§ 45-5-601 to -617
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N.M. Stat. Ann.
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35
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Colo. H.B. 1198 (2009).
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Enacted As Me. Pub. L. Ch.
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40
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Ill. H.B. 3886 (2009)
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Ill. H.B. 3886 (2009),
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41
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Ind. H.B. 1541 (2009) (Foley)
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Ind. H.B. 1541 (2009) (Foley);
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42
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Md. S.B. 150 (2009)
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Md. S.B. 150 (2009);
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43
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Minn. SF0369/HF1228
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Minn. SF0369/HF1228, 86th Leg. Sess. (2009);
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86th Leg. Sess.
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44
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Mont. H.B. 457 (2009) (Cohenour),
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46
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Comprehensive information about PADs is available from the National Resource Center on Psychiatric Advance Directives, accessed 14 October
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Comprehensive information about PADs is available from the National Resource Center on Psychiatric Advance Directives, http://www.nrc-pad.org, accessed 14 October 2009.
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L.D. Zerman and J. Swanke, "Variations in Consumer Self Determination within U.S. Psychiatric Advance Directives," International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 6, no.4 (2008): 484-93;
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Ga. S.B. 224 (2009)
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Ga. S.B. 224 (2009);
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Ga. H.B. 339 (2009).
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52
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-
§§ 127.700-.995
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-
PADs. Ore. Rev. Stat.
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54
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-
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Tex. C.S.H.B. 2585 (2009). Some states had already established the status of electronic signatures. Maryland, for example, enacted such a provision in 2008
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Tex. C.S.H.B. 2585 (2009). Some states had already established the status of electronic signatures. Maryland, for example, enacted such a provision in 2008.
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Kan. H.B. 2109 2009For a brief description of the UHCDA and citations to the other states that have adopted it
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Kan. H.B. 2109 (2009). For a brief description of the UHCDA and citations to the other states that have adopted it,
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Ill. S.B. 2258 (2009), enacted as Ill. Pub. Act 96-492, codified at Ill. Stat. ch. 755 §40/25 (defining the circumstances when a surrogate ceases to have decision making authority);
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Pub. Act 96-492
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59
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-
Ga. H.B. 742 (2009) (authorizing additional surrogates and amending procedures for appointing guardians)
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Ga. H.B. 742 (2009) (authorizing additional surrogates and amending procedures for appointing guardians);
-
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-
-
61
-
-
77952136886
-
-
§ 72-5-101 & 72-5-321 (prohibiting a guardian from withdrawing life support contrary to the patient's known wishes);
-
codified at Mont. Code. Ann. § 72-5-101 & 72-5-321 (prohibiting a guardian from withdrawing life support contrary to the patient's known wishes);
-
Codified at Mont. Code. Ann.
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Enacted As Ill. Pub. Act 96-765
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§§ 10.23.01.00 to .11;
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Code Md. Regs. §§ 10.23.01.00 to .11;
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-
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Va. S.B. 290 (2008) (Barker) & Va. H.B. 805 (2008) (Englin), enacted as Va. Acts Ch. 696.
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Enacted As Va. Acts
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H.B. 2009, Ch. 595
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Enacted As Ore. Laws
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105
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39-4501 to -4515. Regulations implementing the statute are accessed 14 October
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-
Md. Code Ann. [Health-Gen.] §§ 5-602(f), 5608.1, 5-619 & 19-344. Maryland's legislation is distinct from, yet very similar to, POLST.
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N.Y. Pub. Health Law § 2977(13), amended by 2008 Sess. Law Ch. 197 (A. 10764). While statewide legislation dates only to 2008, New York MOLST began as a voluntary program in 2003, and was approved by the New York State Department of Health for use in all healthcare facilities in 2005.
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Sess. Law Ch.
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2d Sess. Research on these issues was greatly facilitated by the excellent resources provided both by the American Bar Association Commission on Law and Aging, and by the Center for Ethics in Healthcare of the Oregon Health and Science University, accessed 14 October 2009
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A pre-bill was filed in Colorado. 2010 Colo. Draft 246, 67th Assembly, 2d Sess. (2009). Research on these issues was greatly facilitated by the excellent resources provided both by the American Bar Association Commission on Law and Aging, and by the Center for Ethics in Healthcare of the Oregon Health and Science University, http://www.abanet.org/aging/, accessed 14 October 2009;
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La. S.C.R. 43 (2009) (McPherson) (creating a commission to make recommendations).
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Alaska, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota, Texas, Utah, and Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Glasmire, see note 60 above.
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Alaska, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota, Texas, Utah, and Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Glasmire, see note 60 above.
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Sabatino, see note 47 above.
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accessed 14 October
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While there is not a specific, devoted code, physicians can now bill Medicare for ACP using office visit codes 99211 to 99215, so long as the time spent in discussion comprises more than one-half of the office visit. Therefore, the current question is not whether to cover ACP, but rather to cover it at a sufficient level to change physicians' behavior. American College of Physicians, "Coding 101," http://www.acponline.org/private/pmc/coding101.ppt, accessed 14 October 2009.
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The provision was also a part of H.R. 3200, 111th Cong., 1st Sess. (2009) (Dingell DMich.)
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The provision was also a part of H.R. 3200, 111th Cong., 1st Sess. (2009) (Dingell DMich.).
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H.R. 1898, 111th Cong., 1st Sess. (2009) (Blumenauer, D-Ore.).
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H.R. 3238, 111th Cong., 1st Sess. (2009) (Levin, D-Mich.). In 2008, the Medicare Improvement Act for Patients and Providers added end-of-life counseling as a component of the "Welcome to Medicare" Initial Preventive Physical Exam. H.R. 6331 (2008), enacted as Pub. L. No.110-275, codified at 42 U.S.C. § 1395x(ww).
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H.R. 2911, 111th Cong., 1st Sess. (2009) (Blumenauer, D-Ore.). This bill is related to S. 1772, 111th Cong. 1st Sess. (2009) (Landrieu, D-La).
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Vt. S.B. 131 (2009).
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La. H.C.R. 102 (2009) (Baldone).
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