메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 630, Issue 1-3, 2010, Pages 158-162

Glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues enhance synaptic plasticity in the brain: A link between diabetes and Alzheimer's disease

Author keywords

Hippocampus; Incretins; Liraglutide; LTP; Neurodegeneration; Neurotransmission

Indexed keywords

AMYLOID BETA PROTEIN; EXENDIN[9-39] AMIDE; GLUCAGON LIKE PEPTIDE 1 [7 ASPARTIC ACID]; GLUCAGON LIKE PEPTIDE 1 [9 PROLINE]; GLUCAGON LIKE PEPTIDE 1 [N GLYCINE]; GLUCAGON LIKE PEPTIDE 1 DERIVATIVE; LIRAGLUTIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 77649187436     PISSN: 00142999     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.12.023     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (163)

References (53)
  • 1
    • 4644255513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide 1 excites hypocretin/orexin neurons by direct and indirect mechanisms: implications for viscera-mediated arousal
    • Acuna-Goycolea C., van den Pol A. Glucagon-like peptide 1 excites hypocretin/orexin neurons by direct and indirect mechanisms: implications for viscera-mediated arousal. J. Neurosci. 2004, 24:8141-8152.
    • (2004) J. Neurosci. , vol.24 , pp. 8141-8152
    • Acuna-Goycolea, C.1    van den Pol, A.2
  • 3
    • 48349144982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) diminishes neuronal degeneration and death caused by NGF deprivation by suppressing Bim induction
    • Biswas S.C., Buteau J., Greene L.A. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) diminishes neuronal degeneration and death caused by NGF deprivation by suppressing Bim induction. Neurochem. Res. 2008, 33:1845-1851.
    • (2008) Neurochem. Res. , vol.33 , pp. 1845-1851
    • Biswas, S.C.1    Buteau, J.2    Greene, L.A.3
  • 4
    • 67649666737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liraglutide once a day versus exenatide twice a day for type 2 diabetes: a 26week randomised, parallel-group, multinational, open-label trial (LEAD-6)
    • electronic publication ahead of print
    • Buse J.B., Rosenstock J.R., Sesti G., Schmidt W.E., Montanya E., Brett J.H., Zychma M., Blonde L. Liraglutide once a day versus exenatide twice a day for type 2 diabetes: a 26week randomised, parallel-group, multinational, open-label trial (LEAD-6). The Lancet 2009, electronic publication ahead of print.
    • (2009) The Lancet
    • Buse, J.B.1    Rosenstock, J.R.2    Sesti, G.3    Schmidt, W.E.4    Montanya, E.5    Brett, J.H.6    Zychma, M.7    Blonde, L.8
  • 5
    • 0345862282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulin-like growth factor I and Alzheimer's disease: therapeutic prospects?
    • Carro E., Torres-Aleman I. Insulin-like growth factor I and Alzheimer's disease: therapeutic prospects?. Expert Rev. Neurother. 2004, 4:79-86.
    • (2004) Expert Rev. Neurother. , vol.4 , pp. 79-86
    • Carro, E.1    Torres-Aleman, I.2
  • 6
    • 1842633868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I in the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathology of Alzheimer's disease
    • Carro E., Torres-Aleman I. The role of insulin and insulin-like growth factor I in the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the pathology of Alzheimer's disease. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2004, 490:127-133.
    • (2004) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.490 , pp. 127-133
    • Carro, E.1    Torres-Aleman, I.2
  • 7
    • 0023180067 scopus 로고
    • NMDA receptors - their role in long-term potentiation
    • Collingridge G.L., Bliss T.V.P. NMDA receptors - their role in long-term potentiation. Trends Neurosci. 1987, 10:288-293.
    • (1987) Trends Neurosci. , vol.10 , pp. 288-293
    • Collingridge, G.L.1    Bliss, T.V.P.2
  • 8
    • 50649110233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of once-daily liraglutide, a human glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in patients with Type 2 diabetes
    • Courreges J.P., Vilsboll T., Zdravkovic M., Le-Thi T., Krarup T., Schmitz O., Verhoeven R., Buganova I., Madsbad S. Beneficial effects of once-daily liraglutide, a human glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Diabet. Med. 2008, 25:1129-1131.
    • (2008) Diabet. Med. , vol.25 , pp. 1129-1131
    • Courreges, J.P.1    Vilsboll, T.2    Zdravkovic, M.3    Le-Thi, T.4    Krarup, T.5    Schmitz, O.6    Verhoeven, R.7    Buganova, I.8    Madsbad, S.9
  • 9
    • 0344357096 scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide I stimulates insulin gene expression and increases cyclic AMP levels in a rat islet cell line
    • Drucker D.J., Philippe J., Mojsov S., Chick W.L., Habener J.F. Glucagon-like peptide I stimulates insulin gene expression and increases cyclic AMP levels in a rat islet cell line. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1987, 84:3434-3438.
    • (1987) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.84 , pp. 3434-3438
    • Drucker, D.J.1    Philippe, J.2    Mojsov, S.3    Chick, W.L.4    Habener, J.F.5
  • 11
    • 65549144889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in antidiabetic drug therapies targeting the enteroinsular axis
    • Flatt P.R., Bailey C.J., Green B.D. Recent advances in antidiabetic drug therapies targeting the enteroinsular axis. Curr. Drug Metab. 2009, 10:125-137.
    • (2009) Curr. Drug Metab. , vol.10 , pp. 125-137
    • Flatt, P.R.1    Bailey, C.J.2    Green, B.D.3
  • 12
    • 44149122563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GLP-1 agonists facilitate hippocampal LTP and reverse the impairment of LTP induced by beta-amyloid
    • Gault V.A., Holscher C. GLP-1 agonists facilitate hippocampal LTP and reverse the impairment of LTP induced by beta-amyloid. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2008, 587:112-117.
    • (2008) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.587 , pp. 112-117
    • Gault, V.A.1    Holscher, C.2
  • 13
    • 42249106405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protease-resistant glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide agonists facilitate hippocampal LTP and reverse the impairment of LTP induced by Beta-amyloid
    • Gault V.A., Holscher C. Protease-resistant glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide agonists facilitate hippocampal LTP and reverse the impairment of LTP induced by Beta-amyloid. J. Neurophysiol. 2008, 99:1590-1595.
    • (2008) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.99 , pp. 1590-1595
    • Gault, V.A.1    Holscher, C.2
  • 14
    • 0041592594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide analogues and their therapeutic potential for the treatment of obesity-diabetes
    • Gault V.A., Flatt P.R., O'Harte F.P. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide analogues and their therapeutic potential for the treatment of obesity-diabetes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2003, 308:207-213.
    • (2003) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.308 , pp. 207-213
    • Gault, V.A.1    Flatt, P.R.2    O'Harte, F.P.3
  • 15
    • 77649188009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Val(8)GLP-1, a protease-resistant incretin analogue, prevents the impairment of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in an APP/PS-1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
    • 716
    • Gengler S., Gault V., Jucker M., Holscher C. Val(8)GLP-1, a protease-resistant incretin analogue, prevents the impairment of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in an APP/PS-1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Annual Soc Neurosci meeting, Washington DC 2008, 740. 716.
    • (2008) Annual Soc Neurosci meeting, Washington DC , pp. 740
    • Gengler, S.1    Gault, V.2    Jucker, M.3    Holscher, C.4
  • 16
    • 34249024370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impairments of hippocampal synaptic plasticity induced by aggregated beta-amyloid (25-35) are dependent on stimulation-protocol and genetic background
    • Gengler S., Gault V., Harriott P., Hölscher C. Impairments of hippocampal synaptic plasticity induced by aggregated beta-amyloid (25-35) are dependent on stimulation-protocol and genetic background. Exp. Brain Res. 2007, 179:621-630.
    • (2007) Exp. Brain Res. , vol.179 , pp. 621-630
    • Gengler, S.1    Gault, V.2    Harriott, P.3    Hölscher, C.4
  • 17
    • 0345305844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide 1 modulates calcium responses to glutamate and membrane depolarization in hippocampal neurons
    • Gilman C.P., Perry T., Furukawa K., Grieg N.H., Egan J.M., Mattson M.P. Glucagon-like peptide 1 modulates calcium responses to glutamate and membrane depolarization in hippocampal neurons. J. Neurochem. 2003, 87:1137-1144.
    • (2003) J. Neurochem. , vol.87 , pp. 1137-1144
    • Gilman, C.P.1    Perry, T.2    Furukawa, K.3    Grieg, N.H.4    Egan, J.M.5    Mattson, M.P.6
  • 18
  • 19
    • 3042792777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of GLP-1 and GIP on cAMP production, insulin secretion, and in vivo antidiabetic actions following substitution of Ala8/Ala2 with 2-aminobutyric acid
    • Green B.D., Gault V.A., Flatt P.R., Harriott P., Greer B., O'Harte F.P. Comparative effects of GLP-1 and GIP on cAMP production, insulin secretion, and in vivo antidiabetic actions following substitution of Ala8/Ala2 with 2-aminobutyric acid. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 2004, 428:136-143.
    • (2004) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.428 , pp. 136-143
    • Green, B.D.1    Gault, V.A.2    Flatt, P.R.3    Harriott, P.4    Greer, B.5    O'Harte, F.P.6
  • 20
    • 23844434969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the cellular and biological properties of DPP-IV-resistant N-glucitol analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
    • Green B.D., Gault V.A., O'Harte F.P., Flatt P.R. A comparison of the cellular and biological properties of DPP-IV-resistant N-glucitol analogues of glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. Diabetes Obes. Metab. 2005, 7:595-604.
    • (2005) Diabetes Obes. Metab. , vol.7 , pp. 595-604
    • Green, B.D.1    Gault, V.A.2    O'Harte, F.P.3    Flatt, P.R.4
  • 21
    • 69549128161 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Receptors for the insulin-like peptide GLP-1 are expressed on neurons in the CNS
    • Hamilton A., Holscher C. Receptors for the insulin-like peptide GLP-1 are expressed on neurons in the CNS. Neuroreport 2009, 20:1161-1166.
    • (2009) Neuroreport , vol.20 , pp. 1161-1166
    • Hamilton, A.1    Holscher, C.2
  • 23
    • 0343742511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation on the positive phase of hippocampal theta rhythm induces long-term potentiation which can be depotentiated by stimulation on the negative phase in area CA1 in vivo
    • Hölscher C., Anwyl R., Rowan M.J. Stimulation on the positive phase of hippocampal theta rhythm induces long-term potentiation which can be depotentiated by stimulation on the negative phase in area CA1 in vivo. J. Neurosci. 1997, 17:6470-6477.
    • (1997) J. Neurosci. , vol.17 , pp. 6470-6477
    • Hölscher, C.1    Anwyl, R.2    Rowan, M.J.3
  • 24
    • 0028258190 scopus 로고
    • Roles of N-type and Q-type Ca2+ channels in supporting hippocampal synaptic transmission
    • Wheeler D.B., Randall A., Tsien R.W. Roles of N-type and Q-type Ca2+ channels in supporting hippocampal synaptic transmission. Science 1994, 264:107-111.
    • (1994) Science , vol.264 , pp. 107-111
    • Wheeler, D.B.1    Randall, A.2    Tsien, R.W.3
  • 25
    • 69549092533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New roles for insulin-like hormones in neuronal signalling and protection: new hopes for novel treatments of Alzheimer's Disease?
    • electronic publication ahead of print
    • Hölscher C., Li L. New roles for insulin-like hormones in neuronal signalling and protection: new hopes for novel treatments of Alzheimer's Disease?. Neurobiol. Aging 2008, electronic publication ahead of print.
    • (2008) Neurobiol. Aging
    • Hölscher, C.1    Li, L.2
  • 26
    • 66249143015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liraglutide: a new treatment for type 2 diabetes
    • Vilsboll T. Liraglutide: a new treatment for type 2 diabetes. Drugs Today (Barc) 2009, 45:101-113.
    • (2009) Drugs Today (Barc) , vol.45 , pp. 101-113
    • Vilsboll, T.1
  • 27
    • 33947262557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soluble beta-amyloid[25-35] reversibly impairs hippocampal synaptic plasticity and spatial learning
    • Hölscher C., Gengler S., Gault V., Harriott P., Mallot H. Soluble beta-amyloid[25-35] reversibly impairs hippocampal synaptic plasticity and spatial learning. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2007, 561:85-90.
    • (2007) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.561 , pp. 85-90
    • Hölscher, C.1    Gengler, S.2    Gault, V.3    Harriott, P.4    Mallot, H.5
  • 28
    • 1842785179 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucose metabolism and insulin receptor signal transduction in Alzheimer disease
    • Hoyer S. Glucose metabolism and insulin receptor signal transduction in Alzheimer disease. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2004, 490:115-125.
    • (2004) Eur. J. Pharmacol. , vol.490 , pp. 115-125
    • Hoyer, S.1
  • 29
    • 33747188115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the antidiabetic activity of DPP IV resistant N-terminally modified versus mid-chain acylated analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide
    • Irwin N., Clarke G.C., Green B.D., Greer B., Harriott P., Gault V.A., O'Harte F.P., Flatt P.R. Evaluation of the antidiabetic activity of DPP IV resistant N-terminally modified versus mid-chain acylated analogues of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. Biochem. Pharmacol. 2006, 72:719-728.
    • (2006) Biochem. Pharmacol. , vol.72 , pp. 719-728
    • Irwin, N.1    Clarke, G.C.2    Green, B.D.3    Greer, B.4    Harriott, P.5    Gault, V.A.6    O'Harte, F.P.7    Flatt, P.R.8
  • 30
    • 0037349072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Entry of exendin-4 into brain is rapid but may be limited at high doses
    • Kastin A.J., Akerstrom V. Entry of exendin-4 into brain is rapid but may be limited at high doses. Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. 2003, 27:313-318.
    • (2003) Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord. , vol.27 , pp. 313-318
    • Kastin, A.J.1    Akerstrom, V.2
  • 31
    • 0036198285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) with the blood-brain barrier
    • Kastin A.J., Akerstrom V., Pan W. Interactions of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) with the blood-brain barrier. J. Mol. Neurosci. 2002, 18:7-14.
    • (2002) J. Mol. Neurosci. , vol.18 , pp. 7-14
    • Kastin, A.J.1    Akerstrom, V.2    Pan, W.3
  • 32
    • 0030875966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insulinotropic glucagon-like peptide-1-mediated activation of non-selective cation currents in insulinoma cells is mimicked by maitotoxin
    • Leech C., Habener J. Insulinotropic glucagon-like peptide-1-mediated activation of non-selective cation currents in insulinoma cells is mimicked by maitotoxin. J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272:17987-17993.
    • (1997) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.272 , pp. 17987-17993
    • Leech, C.1    Habener, J.2
  • 33
    • 36448936053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common pathological processes in Alzheimer Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: a review
    • Li L., Hölscher C. Common pathological processes in Alzheimer Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: a review. Brain Res. Rev. 2007, 56:384-402.
    • (2007) Brain Res. Rev. , vol.56 , pp. 384-402
    • Li, L.1    Hölscher, C.2
  • 34
    • 67651173077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incretin-based therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus
    • Lovshin J.A., Drucker D.J. Incretin-based therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 2009, 5(5):262-269.
    • (2009) Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. , vol.5 , Issue.5 , pp. 262-269
    • Lovshin, J.A.1    Drucker, D.J.2
  • 35
    • 5344256250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperinsulinemia and risk of Alzheimer disease
    • Luchsinger J.A., Tang M.X., Shea S., Mayeux R. Hyperinsulinemia and risk of Alzheimer disease. Neurology 2004, 63:1187-1192.
    • (2004) Neurology , vol.63 , pp. 1187-1192
    • Luchsinger, J.A.1    Tang, M.X.2    Shea, S.3    Mayeux, R.4
  • 37
    • 66149108722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
    • Monami M., Marchionni N., Mannucci E. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Eur. J. Endocrinol. 2009, 160:909-917.
    • (2009) Eur. J. Endocrinol. , vol.160 , pp. 909-917
    • Monami, M.1    Marchionni, N.2    Mannucci, E.3
  • 38
    • 0026793903 scopus 로고
    • Selective release of glutamine and glutamic acid produced by perfusion of GLP-1 (7-36) amide in the basal ganglia of the conscious rat
    • Mora F., Exposito I., Sanz B., Blazquez E. Selective release of glutamine and glutamic acid produced by perfusion of GLP-1 (7-36) amide in the basal ganglia of the conscious rat. Brain Res. Bull. 1992, 29:359-361.
    • (1992) Brain Res. Bull. , vol.29 , pp. 359-361
    • Mora, F.1    Exposito, I.2    Sanz, B.3    Blazquez, E.4
  • 39
    • 0033519562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide-1 modulates neuronal activity in the rat's hippocampus
    • Oka J.I., Goto N., Kameyama T. Glucagon-like peptide-1 modulates neuronal activity in the rat's hippocampus. Neuroreport 1999, 10:1643-1646.
    • (1999) Neuroreport , vol.10 , pp. 1643-1646
    • Oka, J.I.1    Goto, N.2    Kameyama, T.3
  • 40
    • 0027955170 scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of a new metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR7 coupled to inhibitory cyclic AMP signal transduction
    • Okamoto N., Hore S., Akazawa C., Hayashi Y., Shigemoto R., Mizuno N., Nakanishi S. Molecular characterization of a new metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR7 coupled to inhibitory cyclic AMP signal transduction. J. Biol. Chem. 1994, 269:1231-1236.
    • (1994) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.269 , pp. 1231-1236
    • Okamoto, N.1    Hore, S.2    Akazawa, C.3    Hayashi, Y.4    Shigemoto, R.5    Mizuno, N.6    Nakanishi, S.7
  • 41
    • 3442896818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new Alzheimer's disease interventive strategy: GLP-1
    • Perry T.A., Greig N.H. A new Alzheimer's disease interventive strategy: GLP-1. Curr. Drug Targets 2004, 5:565-571.
    • (2004) Curr. Drug Targets , vol.5 , pp. 565-571
    • Perry, T.A.1    Greig, N.H.2
  • 42
    • 0036721026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protection and reversal of excitotoxic neuronal damage by glucagon-like peptide-1 and exendin-4
    • Perry T., Haughey N.J., Mattson M.P., Egan J.M., Greig N.H. Protection and reversal of excitotoxic neuronal damage by glucagon-like peptide-1 and exendin-4. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2002, 302:881-888.
    • (2002) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.302 , pp. 881-888
    • Perry, T.1    Haughey, N.J.2    Mattson, M.P.3    Egan, J.M.4    Greig, N.H.5
  • 43
    • 0036182251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel neurotrophic property of glucagon-like peptide 1: a promoter of nerve growth factor-mediated differentiation in PC12 cells
    • Perry T., Lahiri D.K., Chen D., Zhou J., Shaw K.T., Egan J.M., Greig N.H. A novel neurotrophic property of glucagon-like peptide 1: a promoter of nerve growth factor-mediated differentiation in PC12 cells. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2002, 300:958-966.
    • (2002) J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. , vol.300 , pp. 958-966
    • Perry, T.1    Lahiri, D.K.2    Chen, D.3    Zhou, J.4    Shaw, K.T.5    Egan, J.M.6    Greig, N.H.7
  • 44
    • 0038248960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon-like peptide-1 decreases endogenous amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) levels and protects hippocampal neurons from death induced by Abeta and iron
    • Perry T., Lahiri D.K., Sambamurti K., Chen D., Mattson M.P., Egan J.M., Greig N.H. Glucagon-like peptide-1 decreases endogenous amyloid-beta peptide (Abeta) levels and protects hippocampal neurons from death induced by Abeta and iron. J. Neurosci. Res. 2003, 72:603-612.
    • (2003) J. Neurosci. Res. , vol.72 , pp. 603-612
    • Perry, T.1    Lahiri, D.K.2    Sambamurti, K.3    Chen, D.4    Mattson, M.P.5    Egan, J.M.6    Greig, N.H.7
  • 45
    • 52249112474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mutated recombinant human glucagon-like peptide-1 protects SH-SY5Y cells from apoptosis induced by amyloid-beta peptide (1-42)
    • Qin Z., Sun Z., Huang J., Hu Y., Wu Z., Mei B. Mutated recombinant human glucagon-like peptide-1 protects SH-SY5Y cells from apoptosis induced by amyloid-beta peptide (1-42). Neurosci. Lett. 2008, 444:217-221.
    • (2008) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.444 , pp. 217-221
    • Qin, Z.1    Sun, Z.2    Huang, J.3    Hu, Y.4    Wu, Z.5    Mei, B.6
  • 47
    • 3543067962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurodegenerative disorders associated with diabetes mellitus
    • Ristow M. Neurodegenerative disorders associated with diabetes mellitus. J. Mol. Med. 2004, 82:510-529.
    • (2004) J. Mol. Med. , vol.82 , pp. 510-529
    • Ristow, M.1
  • 48
    • 0042379840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glucagon like peptide-1 (7-36) amide (GLP-1) nerve terminals densely innervate corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus
    • Sarkar S., Fekete C., Legradi G., Lechan R.M. Glucagon like peptide-1 (7-36) amide (GLP-1) nerve terminals densely innervate corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Brain Res. 2003, 985:163-168.
    • (2003) Brain Res. , vol.985 , pp. 163-168
    • Sarkar, S.1    Fekete, C.2    Legradi, G.3    Lechan, R.M.4
  • 50
    • 0030880038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of the ATP-sensitive K+channel subunit Kir6.2 in mouse pancreas
    • Suzuki M., Fujikura K., Inagaki N., Seino S., Takata K. Localization of the ATP-sensitive K+channel subunit Kir6.2 in mouse pancreas. Diabetes 1997, 46:1440-1444.
    • (1997) Diabetes , vol.46 , pp. 1440-1444
    • Suzuki, M.1    Fujikura, K.2    Inagaki, N.3    Seino, S.4    Takata, K.5
  • 51
    • 67649197292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gateways to clinical trials Methods Find
    • Tomillero A., Moral M.A. Gateways to clinical trials Methods Find. Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. 2009, 31:47-57.
    • (2009) Exp. Clin. Pharmacol. , vol.31 , pp. 47-57
    • Tomillero, A.1    Moral, M.A.2
  • 52
    • 0027397224 scopus 로고
    • Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors increases cAMP accumulation in hippocampus by potentiating responses to endogenous adenosine
    • Winder D.G., Conn P.J. Activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors increases cAMP accumulation in hippocampus by potentiating responses to endogenous adenosine. J. Neurosci. 1993, 13:38-44.
    • (1993) J. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 38-44
    • Winder, D.G.1    Conn, P.J.2
  • 53
    • 67650066860 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of the human GLP-1 analog liraglutide in combination with metformin and TZD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (LEAD-4 Met+TZD)
    • Zinman B., Gerich J., Buse J.B., Lewin A., Schwartz S., Raskin P., Hale P.M., Zdravkovic M., Blonde L. Efficacy and safety of the human GLP-1 analog liraglutide in combination with metformin and TZD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (LEAD-4 Met+TZD). Diabetes Care 2009, 32:1224-1230.
    • (2009) Diabetes Care , vol.32 , pp. 1224-1230
    • Zinman, B.1    Gerich, J.2    Buse, J.B.3    Lewin, A.4    Schwartz, S.5    Raskin, P.6    Hale, P.M.7    Zdravkovic, M.8    Blonde, L.9


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.