State of the science and the way forward for the ecotoxicological assessment of contaminated land;Estado da arte e perspectivas da avaliação ecotoxicológica de áreas contaminadas

Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira

Volumn 44, Issue 8, 2009, Pages 811-824

  Kuperman, Roman G ^a   Checkai, Ronald T ^a   Garcia, Marcos Vinicius Bastos ^b   Römbke, Jörg ^c   Stephenson, Gladys L ^d   Sousa, José Paulo ^e  

^a EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b EMBRAPA CERRADOS   (Brazil)

^c ECT OEKOTOXIKOLOGIE GMBH   (Germany)

^d STANTEC CONSULTING LTD   (Canada)

^e UNIVERSITY OF COIMBRA   (Portugal)

Author keywords

Contamination; Ecological relevance; Ecological risk assessment; Soil pollution; Terrestrial model ecosystems; Toxicity tests

Indexed keywords

INVERTEBRATA;

EID: 77349090198     PISSN: 0100204X     EISSN: 16783921     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2009000800004     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. ALLEN, H.E. Terrestrial ecosystems: an overview. In: ALLEN, H.E. (Ed.). Bioavailability of metals in terrestrial ecosystems: importance of partitioning for bioavailability to invertebrates, microbes, and plants. Pensacola: SETAC publication, 2002.
2. AMORIM, M.J. de B.; RÖMBKE, J.; SCHEFFCZYK, A.; SOARES, A.M.V.M. Effect of different soil types on the enchytraeids Enchytraeus albidus and Enchytraeus luxuriosus using the herbicide Phenmedipham. Chemosphere, v.61, p.1102-1114, 2005.
3. 14C-Lindane by Enchytraeus albidus in artificial (OECD) and a natural soil. Chemosphere, v.49, p.323-329, 2002.
4. ASTM INTERNATIONAL. ASTM E2172:1-11: standard guide for conducting a laboratory soil toxicity test with the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. West Conshohocken: ASTM International, 2001.
5. ASTM INTERNATIONAL. ASTM E1197:546-557: standard guide for conducting a terrestrial soil-core microcosm test. West Conshohocken: ASTM International, 1993.
6. BOGOMOLOV, D.M.; CHEN, S.K.; PARMELEE, R.W.; SUBLER, S.; EDWARDS, C.A. An ecosystem approach to soil toxicity testing: a study of copper contamination in laboratory microcosms. Applied Soil Ecology, v.4, p.95-105, 1996.
7. BURROWS, L.A.; EDWARDS, C.A. The use of integrated soil microcosms to assess the impact of carbendazim on soil ecosystems. Ecotoxicology, v.13, p.143-161, 2004.
8. CAIRNS JUNIOR, J.; DICKSON, K.L.; MAKI, A.W. Estimating the hazard of chemical substances to aquatic life. Hydrobiologia, v.64, p.157-166, 1979.
9. CANDOLFI, M.P.; BLÜMEL, S.; FORSTER, R.; BAKKER, F.M.; GRIMM, C.; HASSAN, S.A.; HEIMBACH, U.; MEAD-BRIGGS, M.; REBER, B.; SCHMUCK, R.; VOGT, H. Guidelines to evaluate side-effects of plant protection products to non-target arthropods. Darmstadt: IOBC/OILB Publication, 2000. 158p.
10. CHAPMAN, P.M.; WANG, F.Y. Issues in ecological risk assessment of inorganic metals and metalloids. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, v.6, p.965-988, 2000.
11. CHELINHO, S. Selection of Mediterranean reference soils for ecotoxicological testing. 2006. 106p. Thesis (Master of Science) - University of Coimbra, Coimbra.
12. CRIEL, P.; LOCK, K.; VAN EECKHOUT, H.; OORTS, K.; SMOLDERS, E.; JANSSEN, C.R. Influence of soil properties on copper toxicity for two soil invertebrates. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v.27, p.1748-1755, 2008.
13. DAOUST, C.M.; BASTIEN, C.; DESCHÊNES, L. Influence of soil properties and aging on the toxicity of copper on compost worm and barley. Journal of Environmental Quality, v.35, p.558-567, 2006.
14. DEUTSCHLAND. Bundesministeriums der Justiz. BGBl. I S. 502. 17. März 1998. Gesetz zum Schutz vor schädlichen Bodenveränderungen und zur Sanierung von Altlasten. Bundes-Bodenschutzgesetz. Bundesgesetzblatt, 17. März 1998.
15. DOMENE, X. Methodologies using soil organisms for the ecotoxicological assessment of organic wastes. 2007. 242p. Thesis (Ph.D.) - Autonomic University of Barcelona, Barcelona.
16. ENVIRONMENT CANADA. Validation of toxicology test methods for assessing petroleum hydrocarbons and brine spills in boreal forest soils. Otawa: Environmental Technology Centre, 2007. 42p.
17. FÖRSTER, B.; GARCIA, M.; FRANCIMARI, O.; RÖMBKE, J. Effects of carbendazim and lambda-cyhalothrin on soil invertebrates and leaf litter decomposition in semi-field and field tests under tropical conditions (Amazonia, Brazil). European Journal of Soil Biology, v.42, p.171-179, 2006.
18. FÖRSTER, B.; VAN GESTEL, C.A.M.; KOOLHAAS, J.E.; NENTWIG, G.; RODRIGUES, J.M.L.; SOUSA, J.P.; JONES, S.E.; KNACKER, T. Ring-testing and field-validation of a Terrestrial Model Ecosystem (TME) - an instrument for testing potentially harmful substances: effects of carbendazim on organic matter breakdown and soil fauna feeding activity. Ecotoxicology, v.13, p.129-141, 2004.
19. GARCIA, M. Effects of pesticides on soil fauna: development of ecotoxicological test methods for tropical regions. Bonn: University of Bonn, 2004. (Ecology and development series, 19).
20. GAWLIK, B.M.; LAMBERTY, A.; MUNTAU, H.; PAWELS, J. EUROSOILS - a set of CRMs for comparability of soil-measurements. Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry, v.370, p.220-223, 2001.
21. GREENE, J.C.; BARTELS, C.L.; WARREN-HICKS, W.J.; PARKHURST, B.R.; LINDER, G.L.; PETERSON, S.A.; MILLER, W.E. Protocols for short-term toxicity screening of hazardous waste sites. Washington: United States Environmental Protection Agency, 1989. 102p.
22. GUNDERSON, C.A.; KOSTUK, J.M.; GIBBS, M.H.; NAPOLITANO, G.E.; WICKER, L.F.; RICHMOND, J.E.; STEWART, A.J. Multispecies toxicity assessment of compost produced in bioremediation of an explosives-contaminated sediment. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v.16, p.2529-2537, 1997.
23. HILBECK, A.; JÄNSCH, S.; MEIER, M.; RÖMBKE, J. Analysis and validation of present ecotoxicological test methods and strategies for the risk assessment of genetically modified plants. Bonn: Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, 2008. 287p.
24. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. ISO 11267: soil quality - inhibition of reproduction of Collembola (Folsomia candida) by soil pollutants. Geneva: ISO, 1999a.
25. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. ISO 11268-1: soil quality - effects of pollutants on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Part 1: determination of acute toxicity using artificial soil substrate. Geneva: ISO, 1993.
26. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. ISO 11268-2: soil quality - effects of pollutants on earthworms (Eisenia fetida). Part 2: determination of effects on reproduction. Geneva: ISO, 1998.
27. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. ISO 11268-3: soil quality - effects of pollutants on earthworms. Part 3: guidance on the determination of effects in field situations. Geneve: ISO, 1999b.
28. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. ISO 15799: soil quality - guidance for the selection and application of methods for the assessment of bioavailability of contaminants in soil and soil materials. Geneva: ISO, 2003.
29. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. ISO 15952: soil quality - effects of pollutants on juvenile land snails (Helix aspersa) - determination of the effects on growth by soil contamination. Geneve: ISO, 2006.
30. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. ISO 16387: soil quality - effects of pollutants on Enchytraeidae (Enchytraeus sp.). Determination of effects on reproduction and survival. Geneve: ISO, 2004.
31. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. ISO 17512-1: soil quality - avoidance test for determining the quality of soils and effects of chemicals on behaviour. Part 1: test with earthworms (Eisenia fetida and Eisenia andrei). Geneve: ISO, 2008a.
32. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. ISO 17512-2: soil quality - avoidance test for determining the quality of soils and effects of chemicals on behavior. Part 2: test with collembolans (Folsomia candida). Geneve: ISO, 2008b.
33. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION. ISO 20963: soil quality - effects of pollutants on insect larvae (Oxythyrea funesta) - determination of acute toxicity. Geneve: ISO, 2005.
34. JÄNSCH, S.; AMORIM, M.J.B.; RÖMBKE, J. Identification of the ecological requirements of important terrestrial ecotoxicological test species. Environmental Reviews, v.13, p.51-83, 2005a.
35. JÄNSCH, S.; GARCIA, M.; RÖMBKE, J. Acute and chronic isopod testing using tropical Porcellionides pruinosus and three model pesticides. European Journal of Soil Biology, v.41, p.143-152, 2005b.
36. KNACKER, T.; GESTEL, C.A.M. van; JONES, S.E.; SOARES, A.M.V.M.; SCHALLNASS, H.J.; FÖRSTER, B.; EDWARDS, C.A. Ring-testing and field-validation of a Terrestrial Model Ecosystem (TME) - an instrument for testing potentially harmful substances: conceptual approach and study design. Ecotoxicology, v.13, p.9-27, 2004.
37. KUPERMAN, R.; KNACKER, T.; CHECKAI, R.; EDWARDS, C. Multispecies and multiprocess assays to assess the effects of chemicals on contaminated sites. In: SUNAHARA, G.I.; RENOUX, A.Y.; THELLEN, C.; GAUDET, C.L.; PILON, A. (Ed.). Environmental analysis of contaminated sites. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, 2002. p.45-60.
38. KUPERMAN, R.G.; AMORIM, M.J.B.; RÖMBKE, J.; LANNO, R.; CHECKAI, R.T.; DODARD, S.G.; SUNAHARA, G.I.; SCHEFFCZYK, A. Adaptation of the enchytraeid toxicity test for use with natural soil types. European Journal of Soil Biology, v.42, p.234-243, 2006.
39. KUPERMAN, R.G.; PHILLIPS, C.T.; CHECKAI, R.T. Toxicity of chemical warfare agent HD (mustard) to the soil microinvertebrate community in natural soils with contrasting properties. Pedobiologia, v.50, p.535-542, 2007.
40. LOCK, K. Bioavailability and toxicity of metals to terrestrial organisms: extrapolation of laboratory experiments to field situations. 2002. Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Gent, Gent.
41. LOCK, K.; JANSSEN, C.R. Test designs to assess the influence of soil characteristics on the toxicity of copper and lead to the oligochaete Enchytraeus albidus. Ecotoxicology, v.10, p.137-144, 2001.
42. MORGAN, E.; KNACKER, T. The role of laboratory terrestrial model ecosystems in the testing of potentially harmful substances. Ecotoxicology, v.3, p.213-233, 1994.
43. MOSER, T.; RÖMBKE, J.; SCHALLNAß, H.J.; VAN GESTEL, C.A.M. The use of the multivariate Principal Response Curve (PRC) for community level analysis: a case study on the effects of carbendazim on enchytraeids in Terrestrial Model Ecosystems (TME). Ecotoxicology, v.16, p.573-583, 2007.
44. NATAL-DA-LUZ, T.; RÖMBKE, J.; SOUSA, J.P. Avoidance tests in site-specific risk assessment - influence of soil properties on the avoidance response of Collembola and earthworms. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v.27, p.1112-1117, 2008.
45. ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT. Earthworm acute toxicity test. Paris: OECD, 1984. (Guideline for testing of chemicals, 207).
46. ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT. Predatory mite (Hypoaspis (Geolaelaps) aculeifer) reproduction test in soil. Paris: OECD, 2008. (Guideline for testing of chemicals, 226).
47. RÖMBKE, J.; AMORIM, M. Tackling the heterogeneity of soils in ecotoxicological testing: an euro-soil based approach. Journal of Soils and Sediments, v.4, p.276-281, 2004.
48. RÖMBKE, J.; EISENTRÄGER, A.; HUND-RINKE, K.; JÄNSCH, S.; NEUMANN-HENSEL, H.; SCHALLNASS, H-J. Erprobung und Vorbereitung einer praktischen Nutzung ökotoxikologischer Testsysteme. Limburg: SIDUS-Verlag, 2006a. 372p.
49. RÖMBKE, J.; JÄNSCH, S.; JUNKER, T.; POHL, B.; SCHEFFCZYK, A.; SCHALLNASS, H. Improvement of the applicability of ecotoxicological tests with earthworms, springtails and plants for the assessment of metals in natural soils. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v.25, p.776-787, 2006b.
50. RÖMBKE, J.; JÄNSCH, S.; SCROGGINS, R. Identification of potential organisms of relevance to Canadian boreal forest and northern lands for testing of contaminated soils. Environmental Reviews, v.14, p.137-167, 2006c.
51. RUTGERS, M.; FABER, J.H.; POSTMA, J.F.; EIJSACKERS, H. Site-specific ecological risks: a basic approach to the function-specific assessment of soil pollution. The Netherlands Integrated Soil Research Programme, v.28, p.1-18, 2000.
52. SCOTT-FORDSMAND, J.J.; MARALDO, K.; BRINK, P.J. van den. The toxicity of copper contaminated soil using a gnotobiotic Soil Multi-species Test System (SMS). Environment International, v.34, p.524-530, 2008.
53. SHEPPARD, S.C. Toxicity testing using microcosms. In: TARRADELLAS, J.; BITTON, G.; ROSSEL, D. (Ed.). Soil ecotoxicology. Boca Raton: Lewis Publications, 1997. p.345-373.
54. SOUSA, J.P.; LOUREIRO, S.; PIEPER, S.; FROST, M.; KRATZ, W.; NOGUEIRA, A.J.A.; SOARES, A.M.V.M. Soil and plant diet exposure routes and toxicokinetics of lindane in a terrestrial isopod. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, v.19, p.2557-2563, 2000.
55. SPURGEON, D.J.; HOPKIN, S.P. Extrapolation of the laboratory-based OECD earthworm toxicity test to metal-contaminated field sites. Ecotoxicology, v.4, p.190-205, 1995.
56. STYRISHAVE, B.; MORTENSEN, M.; KROGH, P.H.; ANDERSEN, O.; JENSEN, J. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) as a tool to predict the bioavailability and toxicity of pyrene to the springtail, Folsomia candida, under various soil conditions. Environmental Science and Technology, v.42, p.1332-1336, 2008.
57. THE CANADIAN COUNCIL OF MINISTERS OF THE ENVIRONMENT. A protocol for the derivation of environmental and human health soil quality guidelines. Winnipeg: CCME, 2006. 186p.
58. WENTSEL, R.S.; BEYER, W.N.; EDWARDS, C.A.; KAPUSTKA, L.A.; KUPERMAN, R.G. Effects of contaminants on soil ecosystem structure and function. In: LANNO, R.P. (Ed.). Contaminated soils: from soil-chemical interactions to ecosystem management. Pellston: SETAC, 2003. p.117-159.