Populism, pluralism, and liberal democracy

Journal of Democracy

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 81-92

  Plattner, Marc F ^a  

^a National Endowment for Democracy   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77249163677     PISSN: 10455736     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (13)

1. Andrew J. Nathan, "China's Changing of the Guard: Authoritarian Resilience," Journal of Democracy 14 (January 2003): 6-17.
2. Larry Diamond, "Democracy and Governance Performance: How Are the 'Third Wave' Democracies Doing?" paper presented at the "Democracy and Governance Performance" conference, Hangzhou, China, 11-12 September 2009.
3. Amartya Kumar Sen, "Democracy as a Universal Value," Journal of Democracy 10 (July 1999): 3-17.
4. Krzysztof Jasiewicz, "The Churchill Hypothesis," Journal of Democracy 10 (July 1999): 169-173
5. This is elaborated in Marc F. Plattner, Democracy Without Borders? Global Challenges to Liberal Democracy (Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield, 2008).
6. Leszek Kolakowski, "Uncertainties of a Democratic Age," Journal of Democracy 1 (Winter 1990): 47-50.
7. Clinton Rossiter, ed., The Federalist Papers (New York: Mentor, 1961). All parenthetical page numbers refer to this edition.
8. Charles de Secondat, Baron de Montesquieu, Spirit of the Laws, trans. Thomas Nugent, rev. J.V. Prichard (London: G. Bell and Sons, Ltd., 1914), bk. 5, ch. 3; available at www.constitution.org/cm/sol.htm http://www.constitution. org/cm/sol.htm.
9. On cross-cutting cleavages and the way in which they are fostered by economic development, see Seymour Martin Lipset, Political Man: The Social Bases of Politics (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1981), 77-79.
10. I have been asked whether this assertion fails to take account of American-style "rugged individualism," which tends to be anti-statist in the name of individual rights rather than some kind of group claims. I agree that this peculiarly American outlook does not easily fit within my framework. In fact, Sarah Palin, who might seem to represent this viewpoint, is now increasingly being labeled a populist because of her attacks on elites. But I would contend that this odd brand of populism is not a threat to liberal democracy so long as it maintains its individualist and anti-statist orientation.
11. Torcuato S. Di Telia, "Populism," in Seymour Martin Lipset, ed., The Encyclopedia of Democracy (Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly Books, 1995), 985-989
12. "Pluralism," Britannica Concise Encyclopedia (Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2002).
13. Fareed Zakaria, "The Rise of Illiberal Democracy," Foreign Affairs 76 (November-December 1997): 22-43.