Transformation and fate of overflows in the northern North Atlantic

Arctic-Subarctic Ocean Fluxes: Defining the Role of the Northern Seas in Climate

Volumn , Issue , 2008, Pages 505-526

  Yashayaev, Igor ^a   Dickson, Bob ^b  

^a BEDFORD INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY   (Canada)

^b CENTRE FOR ENVIRONMENT   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 77249092182     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6774-7_22     Document Type: Chapter

References (36)

1. Avsic, T, J. Karstensen, U. Send, and J. Fischer, 2006. Interannual variability of newly formed Labrador Sea Water from 1994 to 2005. GRL, 33, L21S02, doi:10.1029/2006gl026913, 2006.
2. Biastoch, A, R. H. Käse, and D. B. Stammer, 2003. The sensitivity of the Greenland-Scotland Ridge Overflow to Forcing Changes. J Phys Oceanogr, 33, 2307-2319.
3. Bryden, H. L, H. R. Longworth, and S. A. Cunningham, 2005. Slowing of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation at 25°N. Nature, 315, 21-26.
4. Clarke, R. A. 1984. Transport through the Cape Farewell-Flemish Cap section. Rapp P-v Reun Cons, Int Explor Mer, 185, 120-130.
5. Cunningham, S. A. and T. W. N. Haine, 1995. Labrador Sea Water in the Eastern North Atlantic. Part I: A Synoptic Circulation Inferred from a Minimum in Potential Vorticity. J Phys Oceanogr, 25 (4) 649-665.
6. Curry, R. and C. Mauritzen, 2005. Dilution of the Northern North Atlantic Ocean in Recent Decades. Science, 308(5729), 1772-1774.
7. Dickson, R. R. and J. Brown, 1994. The production of North Atlantic Deep Water: Sources, Rates and Pathways. J Geophys Res, 99(C6), 12319-12341.
8. Dickson, R. R, J. Meincke, I. M Vassie, J Jungclaus, and S. Østerhus, 1999. Possible predictability in overflow from the Denmark Strait. Nature, 397, 243-246.
9. Dickson, R. R, I. Yashayaev, J. Meincke, W. R. Turrell, S. R. Dye, and J. Holfort, 2002. Rapid freshening of the deep North Atlantic Ocean over the past four decades. Nature, 416, 832-837.
10. Dickson, R. R, R. Curry, and I. Yashayaev, 2003. Recent changes in the North Atlantic. Phil Trans Roy Soc Lond A, 361, 1917-1934.
11. Girton, J. B, T. B. Sanford, and R. H. Käse, 2001. Synoptic sections of the Denmark Strait Overflow. Geophys Res Lett, 28, 1619-1622.
12. Hakkinen, S. and P. Rhines, 2004. Decline of the Subpolar North Atlantic Circulation During the 1990s. Science 304, 555
13. Hansen, B. and S. Østerhus, 2000. North Atlantic-Nordic Seas exchanges. Prog Oceanogr, 45, 109-208.
14. Hansen, B, W. R. Turrell, and S. Østerhus, 2001. Decreasing overflow from the Nordic seas into the Atlantic Ocean through the Faroe-Shetland Channel since 1950. Nature, 411, 927-930.
15. Hátún, H, A. B. Sandø, H. Drange, B. Hansen, and H. Valdimarsson, 2005. Influence of the Atlantic Subpolar Gyre on the Thermohaline Circulation. Science, 309, 1841-1844.
16. Holfort, J. and T. Albrecht, 2007. Atmospheric forcing of DSOW salinity. Ocean Sci, 3, 411-416.
17. Hurrell, J. W. 1995. Decadal trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation: regional temperatures and precipitation. Science, 269, 676-679.
18. Jónsson, S. and H. Valdimarsson, 2004. A new path for the Denmark Strait overflow water from the Iceland Sea to Denmark Strait. Geophys Res Lett 31(3), L03305, doi: 10.1029/2003GL019214.
19. Karcher, M. J, R. Gerdes, F. Kauker, and C. Köberle, 2003. Arctic warming: Evolution and spreading of the 1990s warm event in the Nordic seas and the Arctic Ocean. J Geophys Res, 108(C2), 3034
20. Kieke, D, M. Rhein, L. Stramma, W. M. Smethie, J. L. Bullister, and D. LeBel, 2007. Changes in the pool of Labrador Sea Water in the subpolar North Atlantic related to changes in the upper North Atlantic circulation. GRL, accepted.
21. Köhl, A, R. Käse, D. Stammer, and N. Sera, 2007. Causes of change in the Denmark Strait overflow. J Phys Oceanogr, 37(6), 1678-1696.
22. Lazier, J. R. N. 1995. The salinity decrease in the Labrador Sea over the past thirty years. In: D. G. Martinson, K. Bryan, M. Ghil, M. M. Hall, T. M. Karl, E. S. Sarachik, S. Sorooshian, and L. D. Talley (Eds.), Natural Climate Variability on Decade-to-Century Time Scales (pp. 295-304). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
23. Macrander, A, U. Send, H. Valdimarsson, S. Jonsson, and R. H. Käse, 2005. Interannual changes in the overflow from the Nordic Seas into the Atlantic Ocean through Denmark Strait. Geophys Res Lett, 32, L06606, doi:10.1029/2004GL021463.
24. Pickart, R. S, M. A. Spall, M. H. Ribergaard, G. W. K. Moore, and R. F. Millif, 2003. Deep convection in the Irminger Sea forced by the Greenland tip jet. Nature, 424, 152-156.
25. Rudels, B, E. Fahrbach, J. Meincke, G. Budéus, and P. Eriksson, 2002. The East Greenland Current and its contribution to the Denmark Strait overflow. ICES J Mar. Sci 59(6), 1133-1154.
26. Rudels, B, P. Eriksson, E. Buch, G. Budéus, E. Fahrbach, S.-A. Malmberg, J. Meincke, and P. Mälkki, 2003. Temporal switching between sources of the Denmark Strait overflow water. ICES Mar. Sci Symp, 219, 319-325.
27. Rudels, B, G. Björk, J. Nilsson, P. Winsor, I. Lake, and C. Nohr, 2005. The interaction between waters from the Arctic Ocean and the Nordic Seas north of Fram Strait and along the East Greenland Current: results from the Arctic Ocean-02 Oden expedition. J Mar. Sys, 55(1-2), 1-30.
28. Spall, M. A. and J. F. Price, 1998. Mesoscale variability in Denmark Strait: the PV outflow hypothesis. J Phys Oceanogr, 28, 1598-1623.
29. Sy, A, M. Rhein, J. Lazier, P. Koltermann, J. Meincke, A. Putzka, and M. Bersch, 1997. Surprisingly rapid spreading of newly formed intermediate waters across the North Atlantic Ocean. Nature, 386, 675-679.
30. Talley, L. D. and M. S. McCartney, 1982. Distribution and circulation of Labrador Sea Water. J Phys Oceanogr, 12, 1189-1205.
31. Turrell, W. R, G. Slesser, R. D. Adams, R. Payne, and P. A. Gillibrand, 1999. Decadal variability in the composition of Faroe-Shetland Channel bottom water. Deep-Sea Res I, 46, 1-25.
32. Wu, P. and R. Wood, 2006. Convection-induced long term freshening of the Subpolar North Atlantic Ocean. J Climate (submitted).
33. Yashayaev, I. and A. Clarke, 2005. Recent warming of the Labrador Sea. ASOF News Lett, 4, 17-18.
34. Yashayaev, I. 2007. Hydrographic changes in the Labrador Sea, 1960-2005. Prog Oceanogr, 73(3-4), 242-276.
35. Yashayaev, I, J. R. N. Lazier, and A. Clarke, 2003. Temperature and salinity in the Central Labrador Sea. ICES Mar. Sci Symp Ser, 219, 32-39.
36. Yashayaev, I, M. Bersch, H. van Aken, and A. Clarke, 2004. A new study of the Production, Spreading and Fate of the Labrador Sea Water in the Subpolar North Atlantic. ASOF News Lett, 4, 20-22.