메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 43-50

Antimicrobial associated diarrhoea in the horse. Part 2: Which antimicrobials are associated with AAD in the horse?

Author keywords

Antibiotic associated diarrhoea; Antimicrobial associated diarrhoea; Clostridium difficile; Clostridium perfringens; Colitis; Horse; Salmonella

Indexed keywords

CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS; EQUIDAE; SALMONELLA;

EID: 77049099109     PISSN: 09577734     EISSN: 20423292     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2746/095777309X4710     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (17)

References (80)
  • 2
    • 0015698022 scopus 로고
    • Diarrhoea in the horse associated with stress and tetracycline therapy
    • Baker, J.R. and Leyland, A. (1973) Diarrhoea in the horse associated with stress and tetracycline therapy. Vet. Rec. 93, 583-584.
    • (1973) Vet. Rec , vol.93 , pp. 583-584
    • Baker, J.R.1    Leyland, A.2
  • 3
    • 0000617054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile associated with acute colitis in mature horses treated with antibiotics
    • Båverud, V., Gustafsson, A., Franklin, A., Lindholm, A. and Gunnarsson, A. (1997) Clostridium difficile associated with acute colitis in mature horses treated with antibiotics. Equine vet. J. 29, 279-284.
    • (1997) Equine Vet. J , vol.29 , pp. 279-284
    • Båverud, V.1    Gustafsson, A.2    Franklin, A.3    Lindholm, A.4    Gunnarsson, A.5
  • 4
    • 0032196518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile associated with acute colitis in mares when their foals are treated with erythromycin and rifampicin for Rhodococcus equi pneumonia
    • Båverud, V., Franklin, A., Gunnarsson, A., Gustafsson, A. and Hellander-Edman, A. (1998) Clostridium difficile associated with acute colitis in mares when their foals are treated with erythromycin and rifampicin for Rhodococcus equi pneumonia. Equine vet. J. 30, 482-488.
    • (1998) Equine Vet. J , vol.30 , pp. 482-488
    • Båverud, V.1    Franklin, A.2    Gunnarsson, A.3    Gustafsson, A.4    Hellander-Edman, A.5
  • 5
    • 0642283365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile: Prevalence in horses and environment, and antimicrobial susceptibility
    • Båverud, V., Gustafsson, A., Franklin, A., Aspán, A. and Gunnarsson, A. (2003) Clostridium difficile: prevalence in horses and environment, and antimicrobial susceptibility. Equine vet. J. 35, 465-471.
    • (2003) Equine Vet. J , vol.35 , pp. 465-471
    • Båverud, V.1    Gustafsson, A.2    Franklin, A.3    Aspán, A.4    Gunnarsson, A.5
  • 6
    • 0026746192 scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic-associated diarrhea
    • Bartlett, J.G. (1992) Antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Clin. Infect. Dis. 15, 573-579.
    • (1992) Clin. Infect. Dis , vol.15 , pp. 573-579
    • Bartlett, J.G.1
  • 7
    • 0033675729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment and prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea
    • Bergogne-Bérézin, E. (2000) Treatment and prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhea. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 16, 521-526.
    • (2000) Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents , vol.16 , pp. 521-526
    • Bergogne-Bérézin, E.1
  • 8
    • 0034184142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of intragastric administration of doxycycline: Pharmacokinetics including body fluid, endometrial and minimum inhibitory concentrations
    • Bryant, J.E., Brown, M.P., Gronwall, R.R. and Merritt, K.A. (2000) Study of intragastric administration of doxycycline: pharmacokinetics including body fluid, endometrial and minimum inhibitory concentrations. Equine vet. J. 32, 233-238.
    • (2000) Equine Vet. J , vol.32 , pp. 233-238
    • Bryant, J.E.1    Brown, M.P.2    Gronwall, R.R.3    Merritt, K.A.4
  • 9
    • 0033073075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics and risk factors for failure of horses with acute diarrhoea to survive: 122 cases (1990-1996)
    • Cohen, N.D. and Woods, A.M. (1999) Characteristics and risk factors for failure of horses with acute diarrhoea to survive: 122 cases (1990-1996). J. Am. vet. med. Ass. 214, 382-390.
    • (1999) J. Am. Vet. Med. Ass , vol.214 , pp. 382-390
    • Cohen, N.D.1    Woods, A.M.2
  • 10
    • 0034220730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of bacitracin on microbial functions in the gastrointestinal tract of horses
    • Collinder, E., Berge, G.N., Groenvold, B., Lindholm, A., Midtvedt, T. and Norin, E. (2000) Influence of bacitracin on microbial functions in the gastrointestinal tract of horses. Equine vet. J. 32, 345-350.
    • (2000) Equine Vet. J , vol.32 , pp. 345-350
    • Collinder, E.1    Berge, G.N.2    Groenvold, B.3    Lindholm, A.4    Midtvedt, T.5    Norin, E.6
  • 11
    • 0015884815 scopus 로고
    • Diarrhoea in the horse associated with stress and tetracycline therapy
    • Cook, W.R. (1973) Diarrhoea in the horse associated with stress and tetracycline therapy. Vet. Rec. 93, 15-16.
    • (1973) Vet. Rec , vol.93 , pp. 15-16
    • Cook, W.R.1
  • 13
    • 33344466004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of doxycycline after oral administration of single and multiple doses in horses
    • Davis, J.L., Salmon, J.H. and Papich, M.G. (2006) Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of doxycycline after oral administration of single and multiple doses in horses. Am. J. vet. Res. 67, 310-316.
    • (2006) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.67 , pp. 310-316
    • Davis, J.L.1    Salmon, J.H.2    Papich, M.G.3
  • 14
    • 25144516592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii for treatment of horses with acute enterocolitis
    • Desrochers, A.M., Dolente, B.A., Roy, M.F., Boston, R. and Carlisle, S. (2005) Efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii for treatment of horses with acute enterocolitis. J. Am. vet. Ass. 227, 954-959.
    • (2005) J. Am. Vet. Ass , vol.227 , pp. 954-959
    • Desrochers, A.M.1    Dolente, B.A.2    Roy, M.F.3    Boston, R.4    Carlisle, S.5
  • 15
    • 0037042674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotics in prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea: Meta-analyses
    • D'Soura, A.L., Rajkumar, C., Cooke, J. and Bulpitt, C.J. (2002) Probiotics in prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea: meta-analyses. Br. Med. J. 324, 1361-1366.
    • (2002) Br. Med. J , vol.324 , pp. 1361-1366
    • D'soura, A.L.1    Rajkumar, C.2    Cooke, J.3    Bulpitt, C.J.4
  • 16
    • 68349091237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Florfenicol in horses: Pharmacokinetics and tolerance
    • Dowling, P.M. (2001) Florfenicol in horses: pharmacokinetics and tolerance. Proc. Ann. Vet. Med. Forum ACVIM 19, 198-199.
    • (2001) Proc. Ann. Vet. Med. Forum Acvim , vol.19 , pp. 198-199
    • Dowling, P.M.1
  • 18
    • 0029877885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Side effects of oral antimicrobial agents in the horse: A comparison of pivampicillin and trimethoprim/sulphadiazine
    • Ensink, J.M., Klein, W.R., Barneveld, A., van Miert, A.S.J.P.A.M. and Vulto, A.G. (1996) Side effects of oral antimicrobial agents in the horse: a comparison of pivampicillin and trimethoprim/sulphadiazine. Vet. Rec. 138, 253-256.
    • (1996) Vet. Rec , vol.138 , pp. 253-256
    • Ensink, J.M.1    Klein, W.R.2    Barneveld, A.3    van Miert, A.S.J.P.A.M.4    Vulto, A.G.5
  • 19
    • 0028239012 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of oral erythromycin formulations in the horse using pharmacokinetic profiles
    • Ewing, P.J., Burrows, G., MacAllister, C. and Clarke, C. (1994) Comparison of oral erythromycin formulations in the horse using pharmacokinetic profiles. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 17, 17-23.
    • (1994) J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therap , vol.17 , pp. 17-23
    • Ewing, P.J.1    Burrows, G.2    Macallister, C.3    Clarke, C.4
  • 22
    • 70449445379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diarrhea - other causes
    • Eds: T. Mair, T. Divers and N. Ducharme, W.B. Saunders, London
    • Freestone, J.F. (2002) Diarrhea - other causes. In: Manual of Equine Gastroenterology, Vol. 1. Eds: T. Mair, T. Divers and N. Ducharme, W.B. Saunders, London. pp 507-508.
    • (2002) Manual of Equine Gastroenterology , vol.1 , pp. 507-508
    • Freestone, J.F.1
  • 24
    • 4243178082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrospective comparison of azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin for the treatment of foals with Rhodococcus equi pneumonia
    • Giguere, S., Jacks, S., Roberts, G.D., Hernandez, J., Long, M.T. and Ellis, C. (2004) Retrospective comparison of azithromycin, clarithromycin, and erythromycin for the treatment of foals with Rhodococcus equi pneumonia. J. vet. intern. Med. 18, 568-573.
    • (2004) J. Vet. Intern. Med , vol.18 , pp. 568-573
    • Giguere, S.1    Jacks, S.2    Roberts, G.D.3    Hernandez, J.4    Long, M.T.5    Ellis, C.6
  • 26
    • 0036044805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in horses
    • Gustafsson, A. (2002) Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in horses. Equine vet. Educ. 14, 186-187.
    • (2002) Equine Vet. Educ , vol.14 , pp. 186-187
    • Gustafsson, A.1
  • 27
    • 70449455069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doctoral dissertation, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, SLU. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Suecia. Veterinaria
    • Gustafsson, A. (2004) Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea in Horses. Doctoral dissertation, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, SLU. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Suecia. Veterinaria 166.
    • (2004) Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea In Horses , pp. 166
    • Gustafsson, A.1
  • 28
    • 0033037458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeated administration of trimethoprim/ sulfadiazine in the horse - pharmacokinetics, plasma protein binding and influence on the intestinal microflora
    • Gustafsson, A., Båverud, V., Franklin, A., Gunnarsson, A., Ögren, G. and Ingvast-Larsson, C. (1999) Repeated administration of trimethoprim/ sulfadiazine in the horse - pharmacokinetics, plasma protein binding and influence on the intestinal microflora. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 22, 20-26.
    • (1999) J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therap , vol.22 , pp. 20-26
    • Gustafsson, A.1    Båverud, V.2    Franklin, A.3    Gunnarsson, A.4    Ögren, G.5    Ingvast-Larsson, C.6
  • 30
    • 2542595557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of shedding of Clostridium difficile in horses treated with penicillin
    • Gustafsson, A., Båverud, V., Gunnarsson, A., Pringle, J. and Franklin, A. (2004) Study of shedding of Clostridium difficile in horses treated with penicillin. Equine vet. J. 36, 180-182.
    • (2004) Equine Vet. J , vol.36 , pp. 180-182
    • Gustafsson, A.1    Båverud, V.2    Gunnarsson, A.3    Pringle, J.4    Franklin, A.5
  • 31
    • 49649112692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of the use of antimicrobials for the treatment of bacterial infections in horses
    • Haggett, E.F. and Wilson, W.D. (2008) Overview of the use of antimicrobials for the treatment of bacterial infections in horses. Equine vet. Educ. 20, 433-448.
    • (2008) Equine Vet. Educ , vol.20 , pp. 433-448
    • Haggett, E.F.1    Wilson, W.D.2
  • 33
    • 68349104479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current controversies in equine antimicrobial therapy
    • Hollis, A.R. and Wilkins, P.A. (2009) Current controversies in equine antimicrobial therapy. Equine vet. Educ. 21, 216-224.
    • (2009) Equine Vet. Educ. , vol.21 , pp. 216-224
    • Hollis, A.R.1    Wilkins, P.A.2
  • 34
    • 0029339701 scopus 로고
    • Disposition of penicillin G sodium following intravenous and oral administration to Equidae
    • Horspool, L.J.I. and McKellar, Q.A. (1995) Disposition of penicillin G sodium following intravenous and oral administration to Equidae. Br. vet. J. 151, 401-412.
    • (1995) Br. Vet. J , vol.151 , pp. 401-412
    • Horspool, L.J.I.1    McKellar, Q.A.2
  • 35
    • 0027964352 scopus 로고
    • Plasma disposition of amikacin and interactions with gastrointestinal microflora in Equidae following intravenous and oral administration
    • Horspool, L.J.I., Taylor, D.J. and McKellar, Q.A. (1994) Plasma disposition of amikacin and interactions with gastrointestinal microflora in Equidae following intravenous and oral administration. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 17, 291-298.
    • (1994) J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therap , vol.17 , pp. 291-298
    • Horspool, L.J.I.1    Taylor, D.J.2    McKellar, Q.A.3
  • 37
    • 84978195177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic-associated diarrhea
    • 6th edn., Eds: N.E. Robinson and K.A. Sprayberry, Saunders Elsevier, St Louis
    • Jones, S.L. (2008) Antibiotic-associated diarrhea. In: Current Therapy in Equine Medicine, 6th edn., Eds: N.E. Robinson and K.A. Sprayberry, Saunders Elsevier, St Louis. pp 433-435.
    • (2008) Current Therapy In Equine Medicine , pp. 433-435
    • Jones, S.L.1
  • 38
    • 33748156955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotics for the prevention of antimicrobial-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile diarrhea
    • Katz, A. (2006) Probiotics for the prevention of antimicrobial-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile diarrhea. J. clin. Gastroenterol. 40, 249-255.
    • (2006) J. Clin. Gastroenterol , vol.40 , pp. 249-255
    • Katz, A.1
  • 39
    • 0036847481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Binding of radiolabeled porcine motilin and erythromycin lactobionate to smooth muscle membranes in various segments of the equine gastrointestinal tract
    • Koenig, J.B., Cote, N., LaMarre, J., Harris, W.H., Trout, D.R., Kenney, D.G. and Monteith, G. (2002) Binding of radiolabeled porcine motilin and erythromycin lactobionate to smooth muscle membranes in various segments of the equine gastrointestinal tract. Am. J. vet. Res. 63, 1545-1550.
    • (2002) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.63 , pp. 1545-1550
    • Koenig, J.B.1    Cote, N.2    Lamarre, J.3    Harris, W.H.4    Trout, D.R.5    Kenney, D.G.6    Monteith, G.7
  • 40
    • 0032913457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of microbiologic and high-performance liquid chromatography assays to determine plasma concentrations, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability of erythromycin base in plasma of foals after intravenous or intragastric administration
    • Lakritz, J., Wilson, W.D. and Mihalyi, J.E. (1999) Comparison of microbiologic and high-performance liquid chromatography assays to determine plasma concentrations, pharmacokinetics, and bioavailability of erythromycin base in plasma of foals after intravenous or intragastric administration. Am. J. vet. Res. 60, 414-419.
    • (1999) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.60 , pp. 414-419
    • Lakritz, J.1    Wilson, W.D.2    Mihalyi, J.E.3
  • 41
    • 0033901249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of erythromycin estolate and erythromycin phosphate after intragastric administration to healthy foals
    • Lakritz, J., Wilson, W.D., Marsh, A.E. and Mihalyi, J.E. (2000a) Pharmacokinetics of erythromycin estolate and erythromycin phosphate after intragastric administration to healthy foals. Am. J. vet. Res. 61, 914-919.
    • (2000) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.61 , pp. 914-919
    • Lakritz, J.1    Wilson, W.D.2    Marsh, A.E.3    Mihalyi, J.E.4
  • 42
    • 0033865448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of prior feeding on pharmacokinetics and estimated bioavailability after oral administration of a single dose of microencapsulated erythromycin base in healthy foals
    • Lakritz, J., Wilson, W.D., Marsh, A.E. and Mihalyi, J.E. (2000b) Effects of prior feeding on pharmacokinetics and estimated bioavailability after oral administration of a single dose of microencapsulated erythromycin base in healthy foals. Am. J. vet. Res. 61, 1011-1105.
    • (2000) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.61 , pp. 1011-1105
    • Lakritz, J.1    Wilson, W.D.2    Marsh, A.E.3    Mihalyi, J.E.4
  • 43
    • 0031906330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of erythromycin lactobionate on myoelectric activity of ileum, cecum, and right ventral colon, and cecal emptying of radiolabelled markers in clinically normal ponies
    • Lester, G.D., Merritt, A.M., Neuwirth, L., Vetro-Widenhouse, T., Steible, C. and Rice, B. (1998) Effect of erythromycin lactobionate on myoelectric activity of ileum, cecum, and right ventral colon, and cecal emptying of radiolabelled markers in clinically normal ponies. Am. J. vet. Res. 59, 328-334.
    • (1998) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.59 , pp. 328-334
    • Lester, G.D.1    Merritt, A.M.2    Neuwirth, L.3    Vetro-Widenhouse, T.4    Steible, C.5    Rice, B.6
  • 44
    • 0029336929 scopus 로고
    • Apparent outbreaks of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in horses in a veterinary medical teaching hospital
    • Madewell, B.R., Tang, Y.J., Jang, S., Madigan, J.E., Hirsh, D.C., Gumerlock, P.H. and Silva, J. (1995) Apparent outbreaks of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in horses in a veterinary medical teaching hospital. J. vet. diag. Invest. 7, 343-346.
    • (1995) J. Vet. Diag. Invest , vol.7 , pp. 343-346
    • Madewell, B.R.1    Tang, Y.J.2    Jang, S.3    Madigan, J.E.4    Hirsh, D.C.5    Gumerlock, P.H.6    Silva, J.7
  • 45
    • 0026442478 scopus 로고
    • Safety of ceftiofur sodium administered intramuscularly in horses
    • Mahrt, C.R. (1992) Safety of ceftiofur sodium administered intramuscularly in horses. Am. J. vet. Res. 53, 2201-2205.
    • (1992) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.53 , pp. 2201-2205
    • Mahrt, C.R.1
  • 47
    • 0025161604 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for Clostridium difficile carriage and C. difficile-associated diarrhea in a cohort of hospitalized patients
    • McFarland, L.V., Surawicz, C.M. and Stamm, W.E. (1990) Risk factors for Clostridium difficile carriage and C. difficile-associated diarrhea in a cohort of hospitalized patients. J. Infect. Dis. 162, 678-684.
    • (1990) J. Infect. Dis , vol.162 , pp. 678-684
    • McFarland, L.V.1    Surawicz, C.M.2    Stamm, W.E.3
  • 48
    • 0032490389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of metronidazole in equine acute idiopathic toxaemic colitis
    • McGorum, B.C., Dixon, P.M. and Smith, D.G.E. (1998) Use of metronidazole in equine acute idiopathic toxaemic colitis. Vet. Rec. 142,635-638.
    • (1998) Vet. Rec , vol.142 , pp. 635-638
    • McGorum, B.C.1    Dixon, P.M.2    Smith, D.G.E.3
  • 49
    • 0029051930 scopus 로고
    • Stability of penicillin G, ampicillin, amikacin and oxytetracycline and their interactions with food in in vitro simulated equine gastrointestinal contents
    • McKellar, Q.A. and Horspool, L.J.I. (1995) Stability of penicillin G, ampicillin, amikacin and oxytetracycline and their interactions with food in in vitro simulated equine gastrointestinal contents. Res. Vet. Sci. 58, 227-231.
    • (1995) Res. Vet. Sci , vol.58 , pp. 227-231
    • McKellar, Q.A.1    Horspool, L.J.I.2
  • 50
    • 0008486102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of florfenicol in Equidae
    • McKellar, Q.A. and Varma, K.J. (1996) Pharmacokinetics and tolerance of florfenicol in Equidae. Equine vet. J. 28, 209-213.
    • (1996) Equine Vet. J , vol.28 , pp. 209-213
    • McKellar, Q.A.1    Varma, K.J.2
  • 51
    • 0032756575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outbreak of acute colitis on a horse farm associated with tetracycline-contaminated sweet feed
    • Moore-Keir, A.A., Stampfli, H.R. and Crawford, J. (1999) Outbreak of acute colitis on a horse farm associated with tetracycline-contaminated sweet feed. Can. vet. J. 40, 718-720.
    • (1999) Can. Vet. J , vol.40 , pp. 718-720
    • Moore-Keir, A.A.1    Stampfli, H.R.2    Crawford, J.3
  • 52
    • 44149094314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in Clostridium difficile-associated disease
    • Monaghan, T., Boswell, T. and Mahida, Y.R. (2008) Recent advances in Clostridium difficile-associated disease. Gut 57, 850-860.
    • (2008) Gut , vol.57 , pp. 850-860
    • Monaghan, T.1    Boswell, T.2    Mahida, Y.R.3
  • 53
    • 0016651950 scopus 로고
    • Post-stress diarrhoea in the horse
    • Owen, R.A. (1975) Post-stress diarrhoea in the horse. Vet. Rec. 96, 267-270.
    • (1975) Vet. Rec , vol.96 , pp. 267-270
    • Owen, R.A.1
  • 54
    • 0020700840 scopus 로고
    • Effects of transportation, surgery, and antibiotic therapy in ponies infected with Salmonella
    • Owen, R.A., Fullerton, J. and Barnum, D.A. (1983) Effects of transportation, surgery, and antibiotic therapy in ponies infected with Salmonella. Am. J. vet. Res. 44, 46-50.
    • (1983) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.44 , pp. 46-50
    • Owen, R.A.1    Fullerton, J.2    Barnum, D.A.3
  • 55
    • 3242806756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial therapy for gastrointestinal diseases
    • Papich, M. (2003) Antimicrobial therapy for gastrointestinal diseases. Vet. Clin. N. Am.: Equine Pract. 19, 645-663.
    • (2003) Vet. Clin. N. Am.: Equine Pract , vol.19 , pp. 645-663
    • Papich, M.1
  • 56
    • 0026460371 scopus 로고
    • Azithromycin. A review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties, and clinical efficacy
    • Peters, D.H., Friedel, H.A. and McTavish, D. (1992) Azithromycin. A review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties, and clinical efficacy. Drugs 44, 750-799.
    • (1992) Drugs , vol.44 , pp. 750-799
    • Peters, D.H.1    Friedel, H.A.2    McTavish, D.3
  • 57
    • 0020724514 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of erythromycin in foals and in adult horses
    • Prescott, J.F., Hoover, D.J. and Dohoo, I.R. (1983) Pharmacokinetics of erythromycin in foals and in adult horses. J. vet Pharmacol. Therap. 6,67-74.
    • (1983) J. Vet Pharmacol. Therap , vol.6 , pp. 67-74
    • Prescott, J.F.1    Hoover, D.J.2    Dohoo, I.R.3
  • 58
    • 0024120062 scopus 로고
    • A method for reproducing fatal idiopathic colitis (colitis X) in ponies and isolation of a clostridium as a possible agent
    • Prescott, J.F., Staempfli, H.R., Barker, I.K., Bettoni, R. and Delaney, K. (1988) A method for reproducing fatal idiopathic colitis (colitis X) in ponies and isolation of a clostridium as a possible agent. Equine vet. J. 20, 417-420.
    • (1988) Equine Vet. J , vol.20 , pp. 417-420
    • Prescott, J.F.1    Staempfli, H.R.2    Barker, I.K.3    Bettoni, R.4    Delaney, K.5
  • 61
    • 0023718977 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacology and toxicology of doxycycline
    • Riond, J-L. and Riviere, J.E. (1988) Pharmacology and toxicology of doxycycline. Vet. Hum. Toxicol. 30, 431-443.
    • (1988) Vet. Hum. Toxicol , vol.30 , pp. 431-443
    • Riond, J.-L.1    Riviere, J.E.2
  • 62
    • 0242523113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the effects of penicillin G potassium and potassium chloride on the motility of the large intestine in horses
    • Roussel, A.J., Hooper, R.N., Cohen, N.D., Bye, A.D., Hicks, R.J. and Schulze, J.L. (2003) Evaluation of the effects of penicillin G potassium and potassium chloride on the motility of the large intestine in horses. Am. J. vet. Res. 64, 1360-1363.
    • (2003) Am. J. Vet. Res , vol.64 , pp. 1360-1363
    • Roussel, A.J.1    Hooper, R.N.2    Cohen, N.D.3    Bye, A.D.4    Hicks, R.J.5    Schulze, J.L.6
  • 63
    • 0031972134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of antimicrobial agents in the aetiology of Clostridium difficile-associated disease
    • Spencer, R.C. (1998) The role of antimicrobial agents in the aetiology of Clostridium difficile-associated disease. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 41,21-27.
    • (1998) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.41 , pp. 21-27
    • Spencer, R.C.1
  • 64
    • 0026712164 scopus 로고
    • Lincomycin-induced severe colitis in ponies: Association with Clostridium cadaveris
    • Staempfli, H.R., Prescott, J.F. and Brash, M.L. (1992a) Lincomycin-induced severe colitis in ponies: association with Clostridium cadaveris. Can. J. vet. Res. 56, 168-169.
    • (1992) Can. J. Vet. Res , vol.56 , pp. 168-169
    • Staempfli, H.R.1    Prescott, J.F.2    Brash, M.L.3
  • 65
    • 0026775345 scopus 로고
    • Use of bacitracin in the prevention and treatment of experimentally-induced idiopathic colitis in horses
    • Staempfli, H.R., Prescott, J.F., Carman, R.J. and McCutcheon, L.J. (1992b) Use of bacitracin in the prevention and treatment of experimentally-induced idiopathic colitis in horses. Can. J. vet. Res. 56, 233-236.
    • (1992) Can. J. Vet. Res , vol.56 , pp. 233-236
    • Staempfli, H.R.1    Prescott, J.F.2    Carman, R.J.3    McCutcheon, L.J.4
  • 66
    • 0034235425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of adverse effects of pneumonic foals treated with erythromycin versus other antibiotics
    • Stratton-Phelps, M., Wilson, W.D. and Gardner, I.A. (2000) Risk of adverse effects of pneumonic foals treated with erythromycin versus other antibiotics. J. Am. vet. med. Ass. 217, 68-73.
    • (2000) J. Am. Vet. Med. Ass , vol.217 , pp. 68-73
    • Stratton-Phelps, M.1    Wilson, W.D.2    Gardner, I.A.3
  • 67
    • 70449445380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of oral zinc bacitracin as an adjunct treatment of acute severe idiopathic colitis in the horse
    • Eds: U. Wernery, J.F. Wade, J.A. Mumford and O.-R. Kaaden, R&W Publications, Newmarket
    • Sutton, G.A., Staempfli, H., Prescott, J.F. and Townsend, H.G.G. (1999) Efficacy of oral zinc bacitracin as an adjunct treatment of acute severe idiopathic colitis in the horse. In: Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Equine Infectious Diseases, Dubai, 1998, Eds: U. Wernery, J.F. Wade, J.A. Mumford and O.-R. Kaaden, R&W Publications, Newmarket.pp191-195.
    • (1999) Proceedings of The Eighth International Conference On Equine Infectious Diseases, Dubai, 1998 , pp. 191-195
    • Sutton, G.A.1    Staempfli, H.2    Prescott, J.F.3    Townsend, H.G.G.4
  • 68
    • 0025876705 scopus 로고
    • Clinical use of metronidazole in horses: 200 cases (1984-1989)
    • Sweeney, R.W., Sweeney, C.R. and Weiher, J. (1991) Clinical use of metronidazole in horses: 200 cases (1984-1989). J. Am. vet. med. Ass. 198,1045-1048.
    • (1991) J. Am. Vet. Med. Ass , vol.198 , pp. 1045-1048
    • Sweeney, R.W.1    Sweeney, C.R.2    Weiher, J.3
  • 70
    • 34548767585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of tulathromycin in the treatment of pulmonary abscesses in foals
    • Venner, M., Kerth, R. and Klug, E. (2007) Evaluation of tulathromycin in the treatment of pulmonary abscesses in foals. Vet. J. 174, 418-421.
    • (2007) Vet. J , vol.174 , pp. 418-421
    • Venner, M.1    Kerth, R.2    Klug, E.3
  • 73
    • 2542603468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial-associated diarrhea in 40 horses: 1997-1999
    • In:, DVSc Thesis, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Canada
    • Weese, J.S. (2000) Antimicrobial-associated diarrhea in 40 horses: 1997-1999. In: Clostridium difficile Associated Enterocolitis in Adult Horses and Foals, DVSc Thesis, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Canada.
    • (2000) Clostridium Difficile Associated Enterocolitis In Adult Horses and Foals
    • Weese, J.S.1
  • 74
    • 0035403329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of the roles of Clostridium difficile and enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens in equine diarrhoea
    • Weese, J.S., Staempfli, H.R. and Prescott, J.F. (2001a) A prospective study of the roles of Clostridium difficile and enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens in equine diarrhoea. Equine vet. J. 33, 403-409.
    • (2001) Equine Vet. J , vol.33 , pp. 403-409
    • Weese, J.S.1    Staempfli, H.R.2    Prescott, J.F.3
  • 76
    • 70350421909 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the ability of di-tri-octahedral smectite to adhere to Clostridium difficile toxins and Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in vitro
    • Weese, J.S., Cote, N.M. and deGannes, R.V.G. (2002b) Evaluation of the ability of di-tri-octahedral smectite to adhere to Clostridium difficile toxins and Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin in vitro. Proc. Am. Ass. equine Practnrs. 48, 127-130.
    • (2002) Proc. Am. Ass. Equine Practnrs , vol.48 , pp. 127-130
    • Weese, J.S.1    Cote, N.M.2    Degannes, R.V.G.3
  • 77
    • 0020374343 scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of oral administration of trimethoprim/sulphadiazine or oxytetracycline on the faecal flora of horses
    • White, G. and Prior, S.D. (1982) Comparative effects of oral administration of trimethoprim/sulphadiazine or oxytetracycline on the faecal flora of horses. Vet. Rec. 111, 316-318.
    • (1982) Vet. Rec , vol.111 , pp. 316-318
    • White, G.1    Prior, S.D.2
  • 78
    • 0030184786 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case control and historical cohort study of diarrhea associated with administration of trimethoprim-potentiated sulphonamides to horses and ponies
    • Wilson, D.A., MacFadden, K.E., Green, E.M., Crabill, M., Frankeny, R.L. and Thorne, J.G. (1996) Case control and historical cohort study of diarrhea associated with administration of trimethoprim-potentiated sulphonamides to horses and ponies. J. vet. intern. Med. 10, 258-264.
    • (1996) J. Vet. Intern. Med , vol.10 , pp. 258-264
    • Wilson, D.A.1    Macfadden, K.E.2    Green, E.M.3    Crabill, M.4    Frankeny, R.L.5    Thorne, J.G.6
  • 80
    • 34247627477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics of oral doxycycline and concentrations in body fluids and bronchoalveolar cells of foals
    • Womble, A., Giguère, S. and Lee, E.A. (2007) Pharmacokinetics of oral doxycycline and concentrations in body fluids and bronchoalveolar cells of foals. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 30, 187-193.
    • (2007) J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therap , vol.30 , pp. 187-193
    • Womble, A.1    Giguère, S.2    Lee, E.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.