Cyber bullying: Overview and strategies for school counsellors, guidance officers, and all school personnel

Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 53-66

  Bhat, Christine Suniti ^a  

^a OHIO UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Cyber bullies; Cyber bullying; Electronic bullying; Internet bullying; School bullying

Indexed keywords

EID: 76949109247     PISSN: 10372911     EISSN: 18392520     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1375/ajgc.18.1.53     Document Type: Article

References (61)

1. ABC Primetime Special. (2006). How mean can teens be? Retrieved June 15, 2007, from http://abcnews.go.com/Primetime/story?id=2421562&page=1
2. ABC News. (2007, November 19). Parents: Cyber bullying led to teen's suicide. Retrieved March 2, 2008, from http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/Story?id=3882520
3. American School Counselor Association. (2000, revised 2006). The professional school counselor and student safety on the internet. Alexandria, VA: Author.
4. Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2007). Patterns of internet access in Australia, 2006. Retrieved March 1, 2008 from http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/mf/8146.0.55.001?OpenDocument
5. Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2006). Australian CensusAtSchool. Retrieved March 14, 2008, from http://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/CasHome.nsf/Home/Results
6. Australian Mobile Telecommunications Association. (n.d.). Mobile phones and bullying. Retrieved April 15, 2008, from http://www.str8tlk.amta.org.au/amta/site/str8tlk/downloads/2007/Bullies%20-%20teen.pdf
7. Belsey, B. (n.d.). Cyber bullying: An emerging threat to the 'always on' generation. Retrieved June 11, 2007, from http://www.cyberbullying.ca/pdf/Cyberbullying_Article_by_Bill_Belsey.pdf
8. blog. (n.d.). Webster's new millennium™ dictionary of English, preview edition (v 0.9.6). Retrieved June 5, 2007, from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/blog
9. Bullying No Way! (2004). Spotlight on... cyber bulling. Retrieved July 3, 2007, from http://www.bullyingnoway.com.au/talkout/spotlight/cyberBullying.shtml
10. Campbell, M.A. (2005). Cyber bullying: An old problem in a new guise? Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 15(1), 68-76.
11. Center for Safe and Responsible Internet Use (CSRIU). (2005). Parent guide to cyberbullying and cyberthreats. Retrieved June 5, 2007, from http://cyberbully.org/cyberbully/docs/cbctparents.pdf
12. Center for Safe and Responsible Internet Use (CSRIU). (2007). CyberbullyNOT: Stopping online social aggression. Retrieved June 6, 2007, from http://cyberbully.org/cyberbully/docs/cbnparent.pdf
13. Center for Safe and Responsible Internet Use (CSRIU). (n.d.). Educator's guide to cyberbul-lying and cyberthreats. Retrieved June 5, 2007, from http://www.cyberbully.org/cyberbully/docs/cbcteducator.pdf
14. chat room (n.d.). Dictionary.com unabridged (v 1.1). Retrieved July 09, 2007, from http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/chatroom
15. Committee for Children (n.d., a). Second step: A violence prevention curriculum. Retrieved June 16, 2007, from http://www.cfchildren.org/cfc/ssf/ssf/ssindex/
16. Committee for Children (n.d., b). Steps to respect: A bullying prevention program. Retrieved June 16, 2007, from http://www.cfchildren.org/cfc/str/str/strindex/
17. d'Acremont, M., & Van der Linden, M. (2005). Adolescent impulsivity: Findings from a community sample. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34(5), 427-435.
18. DeVoe, J.F., & Chandler, K. (2005). Student reports of bullying: Results from the 2001 school crime supplement to the national crime victimization survey. National Center for Education Statistics, NCES 2005-310. Retrieved June 10, 2007, from http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2005/2005310.pdf
19. Doneman, P. (2008, February 24). School computer feud linked to hit-run injury. Retrieved April 5, 2008, from http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,23739,23264806-952,00.html
20. facebook Press Room. (2008). Statistics. Retrieved April 11, 2008, from http://www.facebook.com/press/info.php?statistics
21. Fleming, M.J., Greentree, S., Cocotti-Muller, D., Elias, K.A., & Morrison, S. (2006). Safety in cyberspace: Adolescents' safety and exposure online. Youth and Society, 38(2), 135-154.
22. Hazler, R.J. (1996). Breaking the cycle of violence: Interventions for bullying and victimization. Bristol, PA: Accelerated Development.
23. Hazler, R.J., Carney, J.V., Green, S., Powell, R., & Jolly, L.S. (1997). Areas of expert agreement on identification of school bullies and victims. School Psychology International, 18(1), 5-14.
24. Hazler, R.J., Carney, J.V., & Granger, D.A. (2006). Integrating biological measures into the study of bullying. Journal of Counseling and Development, 84, 298-307.
25. Hawker, D.S.J., & Boulton, M.J. (2000). Twenty years' research on peer victimization and psychosocial maladjustment: A meta-analytic review of cross-sectional studies. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 41(4), 441-455.
26. Internet World Stats (2008a). Internet usage statistics. Retrieved April 7, 2008, from http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm
27. Internet World Stats. (2008b). Internet usage and population statistics for Oceania: Australia. Retrieved April 7, 2008, from http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats6.htm
28. Internet World Stats. (June, 2007). Top 20 countries with the highest number of internet users. Retrieved April 7, 2008, from http://www.internetworldstats.com/top20.htm
29. i-Safe.org. (n.d.). Cyber bullying: Statistics and tips. Retrieved May 3, 2007, from http://www.isafe.org/channels/sub.php?ch=op&sub_id=media_cyber_bullying
30. Kowalski, R.M., & Limber, P. (2007). Electronic bullying among middle school students. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(Suppl. 6), S22-S30.
31. Leishman, J. (2005, March). Cyber-bullying. CBC News Online. Retrieved May 15, 2007, from http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/bullying/cyber_bullying.html
32. Li, Q. (2006). Cyber bullying in schools: A research of gender differences. School Psychology International, 27(2), 157-170.
33. Microsoft PressPass - Information for Journalists (2006, June). Windows Live Messenger. Retrieved online on March 31, 2008, from http://www.microsoft.com/presspass/newsroom/msn/factsheet/WLMessengerFS.mspx
34. Mitchell, A. (2004, January 24). Bullied by the click of a mouse. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved May 4, 2007, from http://www.cyberbullying.ca/globe-mail_January_24_2004.html
35. MySpace.com. (n.d.). MySpace.com: A place for friends. Retrieved July 8, 2007, from http://www.myspace.com
36. MySpace.com. (2006). The official school administrator's guide to understanding MySpace and resolving social networking issues. Retrieved July 5, 2007, from http://www.nsba.org/site/docs/39400/39399.pdf
37. NCH: The Children's Charity (2005). Putting U in the picture - Mobile bullying survey 2005. Retrieved April 13, 2007, from http://www.nch.org.uk/uploads/documents/Mobile_bullying_%20report.pdf
38. NCH: The Children's Charity (2002). Preventing child abuse: Internet safety FAQ - Is it true that children can be bullied online and via mobiles? Retrieved April 13, 2007, from http://www.nch.org.uk/information/index.php?i=134#78
39. NetAlert (2007). Protecting Australian families online: Cyber bullying. Retrieved April 5, 2008, from http://www.netalert.gov.au/advice/risks/cyberbullying.html
40. Nishina, A., Juvonen, J., & Witkow, M.R. (2005). Sticks and stones may break my bones, but names will make me feel sick: The psychosocial, somatic, and scholastic conse65quences of peer harassment. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34(1), 37-48.
41. Patchin, J.W., & Hinduja, S. (2006). Bullies move beyond the school yard: A preliminary look at cyber bullying. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 4(2), 148-169.
42. Reimer, J. (2006, September). Yahoo Messenger and Windows Live Messenger get together. Retrieved January 8, 2007, from http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20060927-7846.html
43. Rigby, K. (1997). What children tell us about bullying in schools. Children Australia, 22(2), 28-34.
44. Rigby, K. (2005). Bullying in Schools and the Mental Health of Children. Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 15(2), 195-208.
45. Ryan Patrick Halligan. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2007, from http://www.ryanpatrickhalligan.org/
46. Sinclair, L. (2006, November 16). News steps up its internet presence. The Australian. Retrieved June 6, 2007, from http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,20867,20764056-7582,00.html
47. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (n.d.). SAMSHA model programs: Compare model programs. Retrieved January 16, 2007, from http://www.modelprograms.samhsa.gov/matrix_all.cfm
48. Shariff, S. (2005). Cyber-dilemmas in the new millennium: School obligations to provide student safety in a virtual school environment. McGill Journal of Education, 40(3).
49. Stone, C. (2005). School counselling principles: Ethics and law. Alexandria, VA: American School Counsellor Association.
50. Strom, P.S., & Strom, R.D. (2005). When teens turn cyberbullies. The Education Digest, 71 (4), 35-41.
51. Student Learning and Support Services Taskforce of the Ministerial Council on Education, Employment, Training and Youth Affairs (2003). The National Safe Schools Framework. Retrieved July 5, 2007, from http://www.dest.gov.au/sectors/school_education/publications_resources/profiles/national_safe_schools_framework.htm
52. State of Victoria (Department of Education and Early Childhood Development). (2008, April). Safe schools are effective schools: Cyberbullying: Policy, strategies and advice. Retrieved April 15, 2008, from http://www.sofweb.vic.edu.au/wellbeing/safeschools/bullying/cyberbullying.htm
53. The Alannah and Madeline Foundation, in consultation with the National Coalition Against Bullying and Center for Strategic Education. (2007). Cyber-safety Symposium Report.
54. The Dr Keith Ablow Show (2006). Cyber bullying. Retrieved January 6, 2007, from http://drkeith.warnerbros.com/recaps/1/092906.html
55. Tomazin, F., & Smith, B. (2007, March 7). The bully you can't see. Retrieved April 4, 2008, from http://www.theage.com.au/news/in-depth/the-bully-you-cant-see/2007/03/09/1173166983566.html?page=fullpage
56. United Press International (2008, April 9). Survey: Cyber-bullying affects US teens. Retrieved April 11, 2008, from http://www.upi.com/NewsTrack/Health/2008/04/09/survey_cyberbullying_affects_us_teens/3823/
57. Whiteside, S.P., & Dynam, D.R. (2001). The Five Factor Model and impulsivity: Using a structural model of personality to understand impulsivity. Personality and Individual Difference, 30(4), 669-689.
58. Willard, N.E. (2005). An educator's guide to cyber bullying and cyberthreats: Responding to the challenge of online social aggression, threats, and distress. Center for Safe and Responsible Internet Use (CSRIU). Retrieved May 4, 2007, from http://www.cyberbully.org/docs/cbcteducator.pdf
59. Willard, N.E. (2006). Cyber bullying and cyberthreats: Responding to the challenge of online social cruelty, threats and distress (2nd ed.). Eugene, OR: Center for Safe and Responsible Internet Use (CSIRU).
60. Ybarra, M.L. (2004). Linkages between depressive symptomatology and internet harassment among young regular internet users. CyberPsychology and Behavior, 7(2), 247-257.
61. Ybarra, M.L., Diener-West, M., & Leaf, P.J. (2007). Examining the overlap in internet harassment and school bullying: Implications for school intervention. Journal of Adolescent Health, 41(6, Suppl.), S42-S50.