Ornithocoprophilous plants of Mount Desert Rock, a remote bird-nesting Island in the Gulf of Maine, U.S.A

Rhodora

Volumn 111, Issue 948, 2009, Pages 417-447

  Rajakaruna, Nishanta ^a   Pope, Nathaniel ^b   Perez Orozco, Jose ^b   Harris, Tanner B ^c  

^a SAN JOSE STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Policy and Design   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS   (United States)

Author keywords

Coastal ecology; Ecotypic differentiation; Geobotany; Heavy metals; Insular ecology; Nitrophilous plants; Ornithocoprophilous plants; Phytogeography

Indexed keywords

ASTERACEAE; AVES; CARYOPHYLLACEAE; MAGNOLIOPHYTA; POACEAE; POLYGONACEAE; ROSACEAE; TRACHEOPHYTA;

EID: 76949087180     PISSN: 7653697     EISSN: 1782155X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3119/08-12.1     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. ADAMS, M. B. 2003. Ecological issues related to N deposition to natural ecosystems: Research needs. Environm. Int. 29: 189-199.
2. ALLAWAY, W. G. AND A. E. ASHFORD. 1984. Nutrient input by seabirds to the forest on a coral island of the Great Barrier Reef. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 19: 297-298.
3. ANDERSON, W. B. AND G. A. POLIS. 1999. Nutrient fluxes from water to land: Seabirds affect plant nutrient status on Gulf of California Islands. Oecologia 118: 324-332.
4. BASKIN, C. C. AND J. M. BASKIN. 2001. Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
5. BOXMAN, A. W. AND J. G. M. ROELOFS. 1988. Some effects of nitrate versus ammonium nutrition on the nutrient fluxes in Pinus silvestris seedlings. Effects of mycorrhizal infection. Canad. J. Bot. 66: 1091-1097.
6. BURGER, A. E. 2005. Dispersal and germination of seeds of Pisonia grandis, an Indo-Pacific tropical tree associated with insular seabird colonies. J. Trop. Ecol. 21: 263-271.
7. ---, H. J. LINDEBOOM, AND A. J. WILLIAMS. 1978. The mineral and energy contributions of guano of selected species of birds to the Marion Island terrestrial ecosystem. S. African J. Antarc. Res. 8: 59-65.
8. BURT, R., ed. 2004. Soil Survey Laboratory Methods Manual. Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 42, U.S. Dept. Agriculture, Lincoln, NE.
9. CLARK, C. M. AND D. TILMAN. 2008. Loss of plant species after chronic lowlevel nitrogen deposition to prairie grasslands. Nature 451: 712-715.
10. CRUDEN, R. W. 1966. Birds as agents of long-distance dispersal for disjunct plant groups of the temperate Western Hemisphere. Evolution 20: 517-532.
11. CUI, Y., Q. WANG, Y. DONG, H. LI, AND P. CHRISTIE. 2004. Enhanced uptake of soil Pb and Zn by Indian mustard and winter wheat following combined soil application of elemental sulphur and EDTA. Pl. & Soil 261: 181-188.
12. DEAN, W. R. J., S. J. MILTON, P. G. RYAN, AND C. L. MOLONEY. 1994. The role of disturbance in the establishment of indigenous and alien plants at Inaccessible and Nighttingale Islands in the South Atlantic Ocean. Vegetatio 113: 13-23.
13. DOWDALL, M., J. P. GWYNN, G.W. GABRIELSEN, AND B. LIND. 2005. Assessment of elevated radionuclide levels in soils associated with an avian colony in a high Arctic environment. Soil Sediment Contam. 14: 1-11.
14. ELLIS, J. C. 2005. Marine birds on land: A review of plant biomass, species richness, and community composition in seabird colonies. Pl. Ecol. 181: 227-241.
15. ---, J. M. FARIÑA, AND J. D. WITMAN. 2006. Nutrient transfer from sea to land: The case of gulls and cormorants in the Gulf of Maine. J. Anim. Ecol. 75: 565-574.
16. ERREBHI, M. AND G. E. WILCOX. 1990. Plant species response to ammoniumnitrate concentration ratios. J. Pl. Nutr. 13: 1017-1029.
17. EVANS, S. A. 1962. Weed Destruction: A Farmer's and Student's Guide. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, U.K.
18. FERNALD, M. L. 1991. Gray's Manual of Botany, 8th ed. Dioscorides Press, Portland, OR.
19. GARCÍA, L. V., T. MARAÑÓ N, F. OJEDA, L. CLEMENTE, AND R. REDONDO. 2002. Seagull influence on soil properties, chenopod shrub distribution, and leaf nutrient status in semi-arid Mediterranean islands. Oikos 98: 75-86.
20. GAVLAK, R., D. HORNECK, R. O. MILLER, AND J. KOTUBY-AMACHER. 2003. Soil, Plant, and Water Reference Methods for the Western Region, 2nd ed. WCC-103 Publication, WREP-125, Wetland Reserve Enhancement Program, U.S. Dept. Agriculture, Corvallis, OR.
21. GILLHAM, M. E. 1953. An ecological account of the vegetation of Grassholm Island, Pembrokeshire. J. Ecol. 41: 84-99.
22. ---. 1956a. Ecology of the Pembrokeshire Islands: IV. Effects of treading and burrowing by birds and mammals. J. Ecol. 44: 51-82.
23. ---. 1956b. Ecology of the Pembrokeshire Islands: V. Manuring by the colonial seabirds and mammals, with a note on seed distribution by gulls. J. Ecol. 44: 429-454.
24. ---. 1961. Alteration of the breeding habitat by sea-birds and seals in Western Australia. J. Ecol. 49: 289-300.
25. ---. 1963. Some interactions of plants, rabbits, and seabirds on South African Islands. J. Ecol. 51: 275-293.
26. ---. 1970. Seed dispersal by birds, pp. 90-98. In: F. Perring, ed., The Flora of a Changing Britain. Botanical Soc. British Isles, Conference Report No. 11, Pendragon Press, Cambridge, U.K.
27. GILMAN, R. A., C. A. CHAPMAN, T. V. LOWELL, AND H. W. BORNS JR. 1988. The Geology of Mount Desert Island: A Visitor's Guide to the Geology of Acadia National Park. Maine Geological Survey, Dept. Conservation, Augusta, ME.
28. GOLDSMITH, F. B. 1975. The sea-cliff vegetation of Shetland. J. Biogeogr. 2: 297-308.
29. GOYER, R. A. 1993. Lead toxicity: Current concerns. Environm. Health Perspect. 100: 177-187.
30. GREENE, C. W., L. L. GREGORY, G. H. MITTELHAUSER, S. C. ROONEY, AND J. E. WEBER. 2005. Vascular flora of the Acadia National Park region, Maine. Rhodora 107: 117-185.
31. HAINES, A. AND T. F. VINING. 1998. Flora of Maine: A Manual for Identification of Native and Naturalized Vascular Plants of Maine. V. F. Thomas Co., Bar Harbor, ME.
32. HANNUS, J.-J. AND M. vON NUMERS. 2008. Vascular plant species richness in relation to habitat diversity and island area in the Finnish Archipelago. J. Biogeogr. 35: 1077-1086.
33. HAWKE, D. J. AND H. K. J. POWELL. 1995. Soil solution chemistry at a Westlandpetrel breeding colony, New Zealand: Paleoecological implications. Austral. J. Soil Res. 33: 915-924.
34. HEADLEY, A. D. 1996. Heavy metal concentrations in peat profiles from the high Arctic. Sci. Total Environm. 177: 105-111.
35. HOBARA, S., K. KOBA, T. OSONO, N. TOKUCHI, A. ISHIDA, AND K. KAMEDA. 2005. Nitrogen and phosphorus enrichment and balance in forests colonized by cormorants: Implications of the influence of soils adsorption. Pl. & Soil 268: 89-101.
36. HODGDON, A. R. AND R. B. PIKE. 1969. Floristic comparison of three bird islands in the Gulf of Maine. Rhodora 71: 510-523.
37. HOGG, E. H. AND J. K. MORTON. 1983. The effects of nesting gulls on the vegetation and soil of islands in the Great Lakes. Canad. J. Bot. 61: 3240-3254.
38. ---, ---, AND J. M. VENN. 1989. Biogeography of island floras in the Great Lakes. I. Species richness and composition in relation to gull nesting activities. Canad. J. Bot. 67: 961-969.
39. HOWE, H. F. AND J. SMALLWOOD. 1982. Ecology of seed dispersal. Annual Rev. Ecol. Syst. 13: 201-228.
40. KABATA-PENDIAS, A. 2001. Trace Elements in Soils and Plants, 3rd ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
41. KALRA, Y. P. AND D. G. MAYNARD. 1991. Methods Manual for Forest Soil and Plant Analysis. Information Report NOR-X-319, Forestry Canada, Northwest Region, Northern Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
42. LINDEBOOM, H. J. 1984. The nitrogen pathway in a penguin rookery. Ecology 65: 269-277.
43. LINDSAY, W. L. AND W. A. NORVELL. 1978. Development of a DTPA soil test for zinc, iron, manganese, and copper. J. Soil Sci. 42: 421-428.
44. LIU, X., S. ZHAO, L. SUN, X. YIN, Z. XIE, L. HONGHAO, AND Y. WANG. 2006. P and trace metal contents in biomaterials, soils, sediments, and plants in a colony of red-footed booby (Sula sula) in the Dongdao Island of South China Sea. Chemosphere 65: 707-715.
45. LUTMAN, P. J. W. 2000. Estimation of seed production by Stellaria media, Sinapis arvensis, and Tripleurospermum inodorum in arable crops. Weed Res. 42: 359-369.
46. MAGEE, D.W. AND H. E. AHLES. 2007. Flora of the Northeast: A Manual of the Vascular Flora of New England and Adjacent New York, 2nd ed. Univ. Massachusetts Press, Amherst, MA.
47. MAGNUSSON, B. AND S. H. MAGNUSSON. 2000. Vegetation succession on Surtsey, Iceland during 1990-1998 under the influence of breeding gulls. Surtsey Res. 11: 9-20.
48. MCMASTER, R. T. 2005. Factors influencing vascular plant diversity on 22 islands off the coast of eastern North America. J. Biogeogr. 32: 475-492.
49. MITTELHAUSER, G. 2007. A Field Guide to the Plants of Maine Coastal Islands National Wildlife Refuge: Matinicus Rock. Maine Natural History Observatory, Gouldsboro, ME.
50. MIZUTANI, H. AND E. WADA. 1988. Nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios in seabird rookeries and their ecological implications. Ecology 69: 340-349.
51. MORTON, J. K. AND E. H. HOGG. 1989. Biogeography of island floras in the Great Lakes. II. Plant dispersal. Canad. J. Bot. 67: 1803-1820.
52. MUELLER-DOMBOIS, D. 1992. The formation of island ecosystems. GeoJournal 28: 293-296.
53. MULDER, C. P. H. AND S. N. KEALL. 2001. Burrowing seabirds and reptiles: Impacts on seeds, seedlings, and soils in an island forest in New Zealand. Oecologia 127: 350-360.
54. NATHAN, R. AND H. C. MULLER-LANDAU. 2000. Spatial patterns of seed dispersal, their determinants and consequences for recruitment. Trends Ecol. Evol. 15: 278-285.
55. NICHOLS, W. F. AND V. C. NICHOLS. 2008. The land use history, flora, and natural communities of the Isles of Shoals, Rye, New Hampshire and Kittery, Maine. Rhodora 110: 245-295.
56. NORTON, D. A., P. G. DE LANGE, P. J. GARNOCK-JONES, AND D. R. GIVEN. 1997. The role of seabirds and seals in the survival of coastal plants: Lessons from New Zealand Lepidium (Brassicaceae). Biodivers. Conservation 6: 765-785.
57. ODASZ, A. M. 1994. Nitrate reductase activity in vegetation below an arctic bird cliff, Svalbard, Norway. J. Veg. Sci. 5: 913-920.
58. OKUSANYA, O. T. 1979. An experimental investigation into the ecology of some maritime cliff species. II. Germination studies. J. Ecol. 67: 293-304.
59. ORNDUFF, R. 1965. Ornithocoprophilous endemism in Pacific Basin angiosperms. Ecology 46: 864-867. PÅ
60. HLSSON, A. M. B. 1989. Toxicity of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) to vascular plants. Water Air Soil Pollut. 47: 287-319.
61. PALIN, M. A. 1988. Biological flora of the British Isles. Ligusticum scoticum L. (Haloscias scoticum (L.) Fr.). J. Ecol. 76: 889-902.
62. PEARSON, J. AND G. R. STEWART. 1993. The deposition of atmospheric ammonia and its effects on plants. New Phytol. 125: 283-305.
63. PÉ REZ, X. L. O. 1998. Effects of nesting Yellow-Legged Gulls (Larua cachinnans Pallas) on the heavy metal content of soils in the Cies Islands (Galicia, North-west Spain). Mar. Pollut. Bull. 36: 267-272.
64. PHOENIX, G. K., et al. 2006. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition in world biodiversity hotspots: The need for a greater global perspective in assessing N deposition impacts. Global Change Biol. 12: 470-476.
65. POLIS, G. A., W. B. ANDERSON, AND R. D. HOLT. 1997. Toward an integration of landscape and food web ecology: The dynamics of spatially subsidized food webs. Annual Rev. Ecol. Syst. 28: 289-316.
66. --- AND S. D. HURD. 1996. Linking marine and terrestrial food webs: Allochthonous input from the ocean supports high secondary productivity on small islands and coastal land communities. Amer. Naturalist 147: 396-423.
67. ROME, M. S. AND J. C. ELLIS. 2004. Foraging ecology and interactions between Herring Gulls and Great Black-Backed Gulls in New England. Waterbirds 27: 200-210.
68. SALEMAA, M., I. VANHA-MAJAMAA, AND J. DEROME. 2001. Understorey vegetation along a heavy-metal pollution gradient in SW Finland. Environm. Pollut. 112: 339-350.
69. SALISBURY, E. J. 1961. Weeds and Aliens. Collins, London, U. K.
70. SÁ NCHEZ-PIÑERO, F. AND G. A. POLIS. 2000. Bottom-up dynamics of allochthonous input: Direct and indirect effects of seabirds on islands. Ecology 81: 3117-3132.
71. SARKAR, B., ed. 2002. Heavy Metals in the Environment. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York.
72. SCHMIDT, S., W. C. DENNISON, G. J.MOSS, AND G. R. STEWART. 2004. Nitrogen ecophysiology of Heron Island, a subtropical coral cay of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Funct. Pl. Biol. 31: 517-528.
73. SEKERCIOGLU, C. H. 2006. Increasing awareness of avian ecological function. Trends Ecol. Evol. 21: 464-471.
74. SEREGIN, I. V. AND V. B. IVANOV. 2001. Physiological aspects of cadmium and lead toxic effects on higher plants. Fiziol. Rast. 48: 523-544. [Russ. J. Pl. Physiol.]
75. SIEGFRIED, W. R., A. J. WILLIAMS, A. E. BURGER, AND A. BERRUTI. 1978. Mineral and energy contributions of eggs of selected species of seabirds to the Marion Island terrestrial ecosystem. S. African J. Antarc. Res. 8: 75-87.
76. SMITH, E. C. AND W. B. SCHOFIELD. 1959. Contributions to the flora of Nova Scotia. VI. Note on the vegetation of the Bird Islands. Canad. Field-Naturalist 73: 155-160.
77. SOBEY, D. G. 1981. Biological Flora of the British Isles. Stellaria media (L.) Vill. J. Ecol. 69: 311-335.
78. --- AND J. B. KENWORTHY. 1979. The relationship between Herring Gulls and the vegetation of their breeding colonies. J. Ecol. 67: 469-496.
79. SORENSON, A. E. 1986. Seed dispersal by adhesion. Annual Rev. Ecol. Syst. 17: 443-463.
80. TEMMINGHOFF, E. J. M. AND I. NOVOZAMSKY. 1992. Determination of lead in plant tissues: A pitfall due to wet digestion procedures in the presence of sulfuric acid. Analyst 117: 23-26.
81. TORRES, K. C. AND M. L. JOHNSON. 2001. Bioaccumulation of metals in plants, arthropods, and mice at a seasonal wetland. Environm. Toxicol. Chem. 20: 2617-2626.
82. USDA, NRCS. 2008. The PLANTS database. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA, Website (http://plants.usda.gov). Most recently accessed 01 April 2008.
83. UVA, R. H., J. C. NEAL, AND J. M. DITOMASO. 1997. Weeds of the Northeast. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, NY.
84. VANDIJK, H. F. G., R. C. M. CREEMERS, J. P. L.W. M. RIJNIERS, AND J. G. M. ROELOFS. 1989. Impact of artificial ammonium enriched rainwater on soils and young coniferous trees in a greenhouse. Part I. Effects on soils. Environm. Pollut. 62: 317-336.
85. VASEY, M. C. 1985. The specific status of Lasthenia maritima (Asteraceae), an endemic of seabird-breeding habitats. Madroño 32: 131-142.
86. ---. 1990. The evolution of Lasthenia maritima (Asteraceae): An endemic of seabird-breeding habitats. M.S. thesis, San Francisco State Univ., San Francisco, CA.
87. VIDAL, E., P. JOUVENTIN, AND Y. FRENOT. 2003. Contribution of alien and indigenous species to plant-community assemblages near penguin rookeries at Crozet archipelago. Polar Biol. 26: 432-437.
88. ---, F. MEDAIL, T. TATONI, AND V. BONNET. 2000. Seabirds drive plant species turnover on small Mediterranean islands at the expense of native taxa. Oecologia 122: 427-434.
89. ---, ---, ---, P. ROCHE, AND P. VIDAL. 1998. Impact of gull colonies on the flora of the Riou Archipelago (Mediterranean Islands of South East France). Biol. Conservation 84: 235-243.
90. WAINRIGHT, S. C., J. C. HANEY, C. KERR, A. N. GOLOVKIN, AND M. V. FLINT. 1998. Utilization of nitrogen derived from seabird guano by terrestrial and marine plants at St. Paul, Pribilof Islands, Bering Sea, Alaska. Mar. Biol. 131: 63-71.
91. WILLIAMS, A. J. AND A. BERRUTI. 1978. Mineral and energy contributions of feathers moulted by penguins, gulls, and cormorants to the Marion Island terrestrial ecosystem. S. African J. Antarc. Res. 8: 71-74.
92. ---, A. E. BURGER, AND A. BERRUTI. 1978. Mineral and energy contributions of carcasses of selected species of seabirds to the Marion Island terrestrial ecosystem. S. African J. Antarc. Res. 8: 53-58.
93. WOLF, A. AND D. BEEGLE. 1995. Recommended soil tests for macronutrients: Phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, p. 35. In: T. J. Sims and A. Wolf, eds., Recommended Soil Testing Procedures for the Northeastern United States, 2nd ed. Northeastern Regional Publ. No.493, U.S.D.A. Agric. Exp. Sta., Univ. Delaware, Newark, DE.