-
1
-
-
76849100204
-
-
ASTM D 4189-82, Standard test methods for silt density index (SDI) of water (Reapproved/revised 1987 and 2002, in force D 4189-07).
-
ASTM D 4189-82, Standard test methods for silt density index (SDI) of water (Reapproved/revised 1987 and 2002, in force D 4189-07).
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
0022315030
-
-
J.W. Kaakinen, C.D. Moody, Characteristics of reverse osmosis fouling at the yuma desalting test facility, in: S. Sourirajan, T. Matsuura (Eds.), ACS Symposium Series No. 181, Reverse Osmosis and Desalination, Washington, DC, 1985, pp. 359-382.
-
J.W. Kaakinen, C.D. Moody, Characteristics of reverse osmosis fouling at the yuma desalting test facility, in: S. Sourirajan, T. Matsuura (Eds.), ACS Symposium Series No. 181, Reverse Osmosis and Desalination, Washington, DC, 1985, pp. 359-382.
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
27944508255
-
Colloidal fouling of RO membranes: an overview of key issues and efforts to develop improved prediction techniques
-
Yiantsios S.G., Sioutopoulos D., and Karabelas A.J. Colloidal fouling of RO membranes: an overview of key issues and efforts to develop improved prediction techniques. Desalination 183 (2005) 257-272
-
(2005)
Desalination
, vol.183
, pp. 257-272
-
-
Yiantsios, S.G.1
Sioutopoulos, D.2
Karabelas, A.J.3
-
6
-
-
33746678004
-
Critical and sustainable fluxes: theory, experiments and applications
-
Bacchin P., Aimar P., and Field R.W. Critical and sustainable fluxes: theory, experiments and applications. J. Membr. Sci. 281 (2006) 42-69
-
(2006)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.281
, pp. 42-69
-
-
Bacchin, P.1
Aimar, P.2
Field, R.W.3
-
8
-
-
0347382338
-
Cake-enhanced concentration polarization: a new fouling mechanism for salt rejecting membranes
-
Hoek E.M.V., and Elimelech M. Cake-enhanced concentration polarization: a new fouling mechanism for salt rejecting membranes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 37 (2003) 5581-5588
-
(2003)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.37
, pp. 5581-5588
-
-
Hoek, E.M.V.1
Elimelech, M.2
-
9
-
-
32344451912
-
Relating organic fouling of reverse osmosis membranes to intermolecular adhesion forces
-
Lee S., and Elimelech M. Relating organic fouling of reverse osmosis membranes to intermolecular adhesion forces. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40 (2006) 980-987
-
(2006)
Environ. Sci. Technol.
, vol.40
, pp. 980-987
-
-
Lee, S.1
Elimelech, M.2
-
10
-
-
35348934489
-
Factors affecting nanofiltration performances in natural organic matter rejection and flux decline
-
Jarusutthirak C., Mattaraj S., and Jiraratananon R. Factors affecting nanofiltration performances in natural organic matter rejection and flux decline. Sep. Purif. Technol. 58 (2007) 68-75
-
(2007)
Sep. Purif. Technol.
, vol.58
, pp. 68-75
-
-
Jarusutthirak, C.1
Mattaraj, S.2
Jiraratananon, R.3
-
11
-
-
0031551435
-
Chemical and Physical aspects of natural organic matter (NOM) fouling of nanofiltration membranes
-
Hong S., and Elimelech M. Chemical and Physical aspects of natural organic matter (NOM) fouling of nanofiltration membranes. J. Membr. Sci. 132 (1997) 159-181
-
(1997)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.132
, pp. 159-181
-
-
Hong, S.1
Elimelech, M.2
-
12
-
-
0032552558
-
Nanofiltration of natural organic matter: removal, fouling and the influence of multivalent ions
-
Schafer A.I., Fane A.G., and Waite T.D. Nanofiltration of natural organic matter: removal, fouling and the influence of multivalent ions. Desalination 118 (1998) 109-122
-
(1998)
Desalination
, vol.118
, pp. 109-122
-
-
Schafer, A.I.1
Fane, A.G.2
Waite, T.D.3
-
13
-
-
0028670276
-
Adsorption of aquatic humic substances on hydrophobic ultrafiltration membranes
-
Jucker C., and Clark M.M. Adsorption of aquatic humic substances on hydrophobic ultrafiltration membranes. J. Membr. Sci. 97 (1994) 37-52
-
(1994)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.97
, pp. 37-52
-
-
Jucker, C.1
Clark, M.M.2
-
14
-
-
0033991895
-
Protein and humic acid adsorption onto hydrophilic membrane surfaces: effects of pH and ionic strength
-
Jones K.L., and O'Melia C.R. Protein and humic acid adsorption onto hydrophilic membrane surfaces: effects of pH and ionic strength. J. Membr. Sci. 165 (2000) 31-46
-
(2000)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.165
, pp. 31-46
-
-
Jones, K.L.1
O'Melia, C.R.2
-
15
-
-
0033991893
-
Membrane filtration of natural organic matter: factors and mechanisms affecting rejection and flux decline with charged ultrafiltration (UF) membranes
-
Cho J., Amy G., and Pellegrino J. Membrane filtration of natural organic matter: factors and mechanisms affecting rejection and flux decline with charged ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. J. Membr. Sci. 164 (2000) 89-110
-
(2000)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.164
, pp. 89-110
-
-
Cho, J.1
Amy, G.2
Pellegrino, J.3
-
16
-
-
0033136875
-
Humic acid fouling during microfiltration
-
Yuan W., and Zydney A.L. Humic acid fouling during microfiltration. J. Membr. Sci. 157 (1999) 1-12
-
(1999)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.157
, pp. 1-12
-
-
Yuan, W.1
Zydney, A.L.2
-
17
-
-
0035504138
-
An experimental study of humic acid and powdered activated carbon deposition on UF membranes, and their removal by backwashing
-
Yiantsios S.G., and Karabelas A.J. An experimental study of humic acid and powdered activated carbon deposition on UF membranes, and their removal by backwashing. Desalination 140 (2001) 195-209
-
(2001)
Desalination
, vol.140
, pp. 195-209
-
-
Yiantsios, S.G.1
Karabelas, A.J.2
-
18
-
-
0032552634
-
Monitoring particulate fouling in membrane systems
-
Boerlage S.F.E., Kennedy M.D., Aniye M.P., Abogrean E.M., Galjaard G., and Schippers J.C. Monitoring particulate fouling in membrane systems. Desalination 118 (1998) 131-142
-
(1998)
Desalination
, vol.118
, pp. 131-142
-
-
Boerlage, S.F.E.1
Kennedy, M.D.2
Aniye, M.P.3
Abogrean, E.M.4
Galjaard, G.5
Schippers, J.C.6
-
19
-
-
0037086758
-
The modified fouling index using ultrafiltration membranes (MFI-UF): characterization, filtration mechanisms and proposed reference membrane
-
Boerlage S.F.E., Kennedy M.D., Dickson M.R., El-Hodali D.E.Y., and Schippers J.C. The modified fouling index using ultrafiltration membranes (MFI-UF): characterization, filtration mechanisms and proposed reference membrane. J. Membr. Sci. 197 (2002) 1-21
-
(2002)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.197
, pp. 1-21
-
-
Boerlage, S.F.E.1
Kennedy, M.D.2
Dickson, M.R.3
El-Hodali, D.E.Y.4
Schippers, J.C.5
-
20
-
-
0037473781
-
The MFI-UF as a quality index and monitor
-
Boerlage S.F.E., Kennedy M.D., Aniye M.P., Abogrean E., Tarawneh Z.S., and Schippers J.C. The MFI-UF as a quality index and monitor. J. Membr. Sci. 211 (2003) 271-289
-
(2003)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.211
, pp. 271-289
-
-
Boerlage, S.F.E.1
Kennedy, M.D.2
Aniye, M.P.3
Abogrean, E.4
Tarawneh, Z.S.5
Schippers, J.C.6
-
21
-
-
0042626450
-
Applications of the MFI-UF to measure and predict particulate fouling in RO systems
-
Boerlage S.F.E., Kennedy M.D., Aniye M.P., and Schippers J.C. Applications of the MFI-UF to measure and predict particulate fouling in RO systems. J. Membr. Sci. 220 (2003) 97-116
-
(2003)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.220
, pp. 97-116
-
-
Boerlage, S.F.E.1
Kennedy, M.D.2
Aniye, M.P.3
Schippers, J.C.4
-
22
-
-
0018811210
-
The modified fouling index, a method of determining the fouling characteristics of water
-
Schippers J.C., and Verdouw J. The modified fouling index, a method of determining the fouling characteristics of water. Desalination 32 (1980) 137-148
-
(1980)
Desalination
, vol.32
, pp. 137-148
-
-
Schippers, J.C.1
Verdouw, J.2
-
24
-
-
85004615782
-
Studies in filtration. I. Critical analysis of filtration theory
-
Ruth B.F., Montillon G.H., and Montonna R.E. Studies in filtration. I. Critical analysis of filtration theory. Ind. Eng. Chem. 25 1 (1933) 76-82
-
(1933)
Ind. Eng. Chem.
, vol.25
, Issue.1
, pp. 76-82
-
-
Ruth, B.F.1
Montillon, G.H.2
Montonna, R.E.3
-
25
-
-
85010149730
-
Studies in filtration. II. Fundamental axiom of constant-pressure filtration
-
Ruth B.F., Montillon G.H., and Montonna R.E. Studies in filtration. II. Fundamental axiom of constant-pressure filtration. Ind. Eng. Chem. 25 2 (1933) 153-161
-
(1933)
Ind. Eng. Chem.
, vol.25
, Issue.2
, pp. 153-161
-
-
Ruth, B.F.1
Montillon, G.H.2
Montonna, R.E.3
-
26
-
-
85008136978
-
Studies in filtration. III. Derivation of general filtration equations
-
Ruth B.F. Studies in filtration. III. Derivation of general filtration equations. Ind. Eng. Chem. 27 6 (1935) 708-723
-
(1935)
Ind. Eng. Chem.
, vol.27
, Issue.6
, pp. 708-723
-
-
Ruth, B.F.1
-
27
-
-
0000176714
-
The role of porosity in filtration. Numerical methods for constant rate and constant pressure filtration based on Kozeny's law
-
Tiller F.M. The role of porosity in filtration. Numerical methods for constant rate and constant pressure filtration based on Kozeny's law. Chem. Eng. Prog. 49 (1953) 467-479
-
(1953)
Chem. Eng. Prog.
, vol.49
, pp. 467-479
-
-
Tiller, F.M.1
-
28
-
-
37249059272
-
Multiphase flow models in quantifying constant pressure dead-end filtration and subsequent cake compression. 2. Concentrated slurry filtration and cake compression
-
Wang X.M., Chang S., Kovalsky P., and Waite T.D. Multiphase flow models in quantifying constant pressure dead-end filtration and subsequent cake compression. 2. Concentrated slurry filtration and cake compression. J. Membr. Sci. 308 (2008) 44-53
-
(2008)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.308
, pp. 44-53
-
-
Wang, X.M.1
Chang, S.2
Kovalsky, P.3
Waite, T.D.4
-
29
-
-
0031277673
-
Yielding of suspensions in compression
-
Green M.D., and Boger D.V. Yielding of suspensions in compression. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 36 (1997) 4984-4992
-
(1997)
Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.
, vol.36
, pp. 4984-4992
-
-
Green, M.D.1
Boger, D.V.2
-
31
-
-
0036866735
-
Influence of crossflow membrane filter geometry and shear rate on colloidal fouling in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration separations
-
Hoek E.M.V., Kim A.S., and Elimelech M. Influence of crossflow membrane filter geometry and shear rate on colloidal fouling in reverse osmosis and nanofiltration separations. Environ. Eng. Sci. 19 6 (2002) 357-372
-
(2002)
Environ. Eng. Sci.
, vol.19
, Issue.6
, pp. 357-372
-
-
Hoek, E.M.V.1
Kim, A.S.2
Elimelech, M.3
-
32
-
-
30044446224
-
Modeling concentration polarization in reverse osmosis processes
-
Kim S., and Hoek E.M.V. Modeling concentration polarization in reverse osmosis processes. Desalination 186 (2005) 111-128
-
(2005)
Desalination
, vol.186
, pp. 111-128
-
-
Kim, S.1
Hoek, E.M.V.2
-
33
-
-
56649117367
-
A numerical and experimental study of mass transfer in spacer-filled channels: effects of spacer geometrical characteristics and Schmidt number
-
Koutsou C.P., Yiantsios S.G., and Karabelas A.J. A numerical and experimental study of mass transfer in spacer-filled channels: effects of spacer geometrical characteristics and Schmidt number. J. Membr. Sci. 326 (2009) 234-251
-
(2009)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.326
, pp. 234-251
-
-
Koutsou, C.P.1
Yiantsios, S.G.2
Karabelas, A.J.3
-
34
-
-
0030239453
-
Prediction of the rate of cross-flow membrane ultrafiltration: a colloidal interaction approach
-
Bowen W.R., Morguel A., and Williams P.M. Prediction of the rate of cross-flow membrane ultrafiltration: a colloidal interaction approach. Chem. Eng. Sci. 51 (1996) 4321-4333
-
(1996)
Chem. Eng. Sci.
, vol.51
, pp. 4321-4333
-
-
Bowen, W.R.1
Morguel, A.2
Williams, P.M.3
-
35
-
-
0037199065
-
Coupling between chemical and physical interactions in natural organic matter (NOM) fouling of nanofiltration membranes: implications for fouling control
-
Seidel A., and Elimelech M. Coupling between chemical and physical interactions in natural organic matter (NOM) fouling of nanofiltration membranes: implications for fouling control. J. Membr. Sci. 203 (2002) 245-255
-
(2002)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.203
, pp. 245-255
-
-
Seidel, A.1
Elimelech, M.2
-
36
-
-
0038694756
-
An assessment of the Silt Density Index based on RO membrane colloidal fouling experiments with iron oxide particles
-
Yiantsios S.G., and Karabelas A.J. An assessment of the Silt Density Index based on RO membrane colloidal fouling experiments with iron oxide particles. Desalination 151 (2002) 229-238
-
(2002)
Desalination
, vol.151
, pp. 229-238
-
-
Yiantsios, S.G.1
Karabelas, A.J.2
-
37
-
-
10944272973
-
Humectant release from membrane materials
-
Wright S., Pellegrino J., and Amy G. Humectant release from membrane materials. J. Membr. Sci. 246 (2005) 227-234
-
(2005)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.246
, pp. 227-234
-
-
Wright, S.1
Pellegrino, J.2
Amy, G.3
-
38
-
-
0030207852
-
Humic acid as a fouling agent in filtration
-
Nyström M., Ruohomäki K., and Kaipia L. Humic acid as a fouling agent in filtration. Desalination 106 (1996) 79-87
-
(1996)
Desalination
, vol.106
, pp. 79-87
-
-
Nyström, M.1
Ruohomäki, K.2
Kaipia, L.3
-
39
-
-
31344462649
-
Fouling of reverse osmosis membranes by hydrophilic organic matter: implications for water reuse
-
Lee S., Ang W.S., and Elimelech M. Fouling of reverse osmosis membranes by hydrophilic organic matter: implications for water reuse. Desalination 187 (2006) 313-321
-
(2006)
Desalination
, vol.187
, pp. 313-321
-
-
Lee, S.1
Ang, W.S.2
Elimelech, M.3
-
40
-
-
0037441141
-
Polysaccharides and sticky membrane surfaces: critical ionic effects
-
Frank B.P., and Belfort G. Polysaccharides and sticky membrane surfaces: critical ionic effects. J. Membr. Sci. 212 (2003) 205-212
-
(2003)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.212
, pp. 205-212
-
-
Frank, B.P.1
Belfort, G.2
-
41
-
-
33748330720
-
-
Stenbuchel A., and Rhee S.K. (Eds), Wiley-VCH
-
Draget K.I., Smidsrod O., and Skjak-Braek G. In: Stenbuchel A., and Rhee S.K. (Eds). Alginates from Algae, Polysaccharides and Polyamides in the Food Industry: Properties, Production and Patents (2000), Wiley-VCH
-
(2000)
Alginates from Algae, Polysaccharides and Polyamides in the Food Industry: Properties, Production and Patents
-
-
Draget, K.I.1
Smidsrod, O.2
Skjak-Braek, G.3
-
42
-
-
23444442686
-
Fouling mechanisms of alginate solutions as model extracellular polymeric substances
-
Ye Y., Le Clech P., Chen V., Fane A.G., and Jefferson B. Fouling mechanisms of alginate solutions as model extracellular polymeric substances. Desalination 175 (2005) 7-20
-
(2005)
Desalination
, vol.175
, pp. 7-20
-
-
Ye, Y.1
Le Clech, P.2
Chen, V.3
Fane, A.G.4
Jefferson, B.5
-
43
-
-
0033543957
-
Reverse osmosis process chemistry relevant to the Gulf
-
Ning R.Y. Reverse osmosis process chemistry relevant to the Gulf. Desalination 123 (1999) 157-164
-
(1999)
Desalination
, vol.123
, pp. 157-164
-
-
Ning, R.Y.1
-
44
-
-
0031077040
-
Properly apply reverse osmosis
-
Kucera J. Properly apply reverse osmosis. Chem. Eng. Prog. 93 2 (1997) 54-61
-
(1997)
Chem. Eng. Prog.
, vol.93
, Issue.2
, pp. 54-61
-
-
Kucera, J.1
-
45
-
-
0009587243
-
Avoiding iron fouling in reverse osmosis desalination plants
-
Applegate L.E., and Sackinger C.T. Avoiding iron fouling in reverse osmosis desalination plants. Desalination 61 (1987) 39-49
-
(1987)
Desalination
, vol.61
, pp. 39-49
-
-
Applegate, L.E.1
Sackinger, C.T.2
-
46
-
-
76849095340
-
-
Dow Liquid Separations, Chapter 3: Water Chemistry and Pretreatment, in Filmtec Membranes Technical Manual, Dow, Midland, Minnesota, 1995.
-
Dow Liquid Separations, Chapter 3: "Water Chemistry and Pretreatment", in Filmtec Membranes Technical Manual, Dow, Midland, Minnesota, 1995.
-
-
-
-
47
-
-
76849110626
-
-
Osmonics, Pure Water Handbook in CD entitled Interactive Resource Catalog, 2nd ed.; Chapter 4: Methods of Water Purification, Osmonics, Minnetonka, Minnesota, 1991.
-
Osmonics, "Pure Water Handbook" in CD entitled "Interactive Resource Catalog", 2nd ed.; Chapter 4: "Methods of Water Purification", Osmonics, Minnetonka, Minnesota, 1991.
-
-
-
-
49
-
-
26844444542
-
A study of ultrafiltration membrane fouling by humic acids and flux recovery by backwashing: experiments and modelling
-
Katsoufidou K., Yiantsios S.G., and Karabelas A.J. A study of ultrafiltration membrane fouling by humic acids and flux recovery by backwashing: experiments and modelling. J. Membr. Sci. 266 (2005) 40-50
-
(2005)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.266
, pp. 40-50
-
-
Katsoufidou, K.1
Yiantsios, S.G.2
Karabelas, A.J.3
-
50
-
-
34547903255
-
Experimental study of ultrafiltration membrane fouling by sodium alginate and flux recovery by backwashing
-
Katsoufidou K., Yiantsios S.G., and Karabelas A.J. Experimental study of ultrafiltration membrane fouling by sodium alginate and flux recovery by backwashing. J. Membr. Sci. 300 (2007) 137-146
-
(2007)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.300
, pp. 137-146
-
-
Katsoufidou, K.1
Yiantsios, S.G.2
Karabelas, A.J.3
-
51
-
-
0029663577
-
Influence of surface interaction on transfer during colloid ultrafiltration
-
Bacchin P., Aimar P., and Sanchez V. Influence of surface interaction on transfer during colloid ultrafiltration. J. Membr. Sci. 115 (1996) 49-63
-
(1996)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.115
, pp. 49-63
-
-
Bacchin, P.1
Aimar, P.2
Sanchez, V.3
-
52
-
-
38349081504
-
An experimental study of UF membrane fouling by humic acid and sodium alginate solutions: the effect of backwashing on flux recovery
-
Katsoufidou K., Yiantsios S.G., and Karabelas A.J. An experimental study of UF membrane fouling by humic acid and sodium alginate solutions: the effect of backwashing on flux recovery. Desalination 220 (2008) 214-227
-
(2008)
Desalination
, vol.220
, pp. 214-227
-
-
Katsoufidou, K.1
Yiantsios, S.G.2
Karabelas, A.J.3
-
53
-
-
0000693539
-
Fundamental principles of industrial filtration
-
Carman P.C. Fundamental principles of industrial filtration. Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng. 16 (1938) 168-188
-
(1938)
Trans. Inst. Chem. Eng.
, vol.16
, pp. 168-188
-
-
Carman, P.C.1
-
54
-
-
41949109944
-
Implications of critical flux and enhanced osmotic pressure (CEOP) on colloidal fouling in reverse osmosis: experimental observations
-
Chong T.H., Wong F.S., and Fane A.G. Implications of critical flux and enhanced osmotic pressure (CEOP) on colloidal fouling in reverse osmosis: experimental observations. J. Membr. Sci. 314 (2008) 101-111
-
(2008)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.314
, pp. 101-111
-
-
Chong, T.H.1
Wong, F.S.2
Fane, A.G.3
-
55
-
-
0036567186
-
Influence of cell-shape on the cake resistance in dead-end and cross-flow filtrations
-
Mota M., Teixeira J.A., and Yelshin A. Influence of cell-shape on the cake resistance in dead-end and cross-flow filtrations. Sep. Purif. Technol. 27 (2002) 137-144
-
(2002)
Sep. Purif. Technol.
, vol.27
, pp. 137-144
-
-
Mota, M.1
Teixeira, J.A.2
Yelshin, A.3
-
56
-
-
1842480564
-
Crossflow microfiltration of low concentration nonliving yeast suspensions
-
Keskinler B., Yildiz E., Erhan E., Dogru M., Bayhan Y.K., and Akay G. Crossflow microfiltration of low concentration nonliving yeast suspensions. J. Membr. Sci. 233 (2004) 59-69
-
(2004)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.233
, pp. 59-69
-
-
Keskinler, B.1
Yildiz, E.2
Erhan, E.3
Dogru, M.4
Bayhan, Y.K.5
Akay, G.6
-
57
-
-
0035892416
-
Cross-flow microfiltration of submicron microbial suspension
-
Hwang K.J., Yu Y.H., and Lu W.M. Cross-flow microfiltration of submicron microbial suspension. J. Membr. Sci. 194 (2001) 229-243
-
(2001)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.194
, pp. 229-243
-
-
Hwang, K.J.1
Yu, Y.H.2
Lu, W.M.3
-
58
-
-
48149088607
-
Modeling of the permeate flux decline during MF and UF cross-flow filtration of soy sauce lees
-
Furukawa T., Kokubo K., Nakamura K., and Matsumoto K. Modeling of the permeate flux decline during MF and UF cross-flow filtration of soy sauce lees. J. Membr. Sci. 322 (2008) 491-502
-
(2008)
J. Membr. Sci.
, vol.322
, pp. 491-502
-
-
Furukawa, T.1
Kokubo, K.2
Nakamura, K.3
Matsumoto, K.4
-
59
-
-
0037379950
-
An assessment of the conventional cake filtration theory
-
Tien C., and Bai R. An assessment of the conventional cake filtration theory. Chem. Eng. Sci. 58 (2003) 1323-1336
-
(2003)
Chem. Eng. Sci.
, vol.58
, pp. 1323-1336
-
-
Tien, C.1
Bai, R.2
|